桂北地苏铜镍矿镁铁质—超镁铁质岩体侵位时代、地球化学特征及其成矿成岩分析
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摘要
桂北宝坛地区作为为数不多的新元古代岩浆Ni-Cu硫化物矿田,对区内成矿岩体开展岩浆演化过程和构造背景方面研究具有重要意义。本文以地苏赋矿镁铁质—超镁铁质岩体为研究对象,进行岩相学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学等方面的综合分析。分析结果显示,岩体自西向东发育三个脉动韵律:辉石岩、辉橄岩-橄辉岩-辉石岩-辉长岩、闪长岩,铜镍硫化物矿化形成于前两个韵律底部;闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄857±8Ma限定其成矿时代为新元古代早期;岩体Mg~#值为71.91～80.07,m/f比值为2.56～4.02,MgO与Al_2O_3、CaO负相关。稀土元素配分曲线显示轻稀土富集、重稀土平坦的配分模式。大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U相对富集,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti明显亏损,与陆缘弧亚碱性玄武岩相似;δ~(34)S值在2.3‰～3.8‰之间,与MORB地幔结果不同(-1.57‰～+0.60‰)。岩石组合和地球化学特征表明岩浆源区为受过地壳混染和流体交代改造的部分熔融岩石圈地幔,具有岛弧岩浆的地球化学特征,表明桂北宝坛铜镍硫化物矿床形成于俯冲环境。岩浆侵位过程中地壳物质混染、岩浆结晶分异作用是促使桂北宝坛地区镁铁质—超镁铁质岩浆发生硫饱和及硫化物熔离的主要因素。
As one of several known magmatic sulfide deposits that formed in the Neoproterozoic in China, the magmatic evolution and tectonic setting of the ore-forming plutons in the Baotan area of northern Guangxi are highly debated. The study carried out an integrated analysis of petrography, zircon U-Pb dating, geochemistry for the Disu ultramafic-mafic complex. The results show that the complex developed three magmatic pulsations: pyroxenite, pyroxene peridotite-olivine pyroxenite-pyroxenite-grabbo and diorite, and the sulfide ore occurs at the bottom of the former two pulsations. Zircon U-Pb age 857±8 Ma of diorite constrains the ore-forming time to the Early Neoproterozoic; Mg~# of the complex is 71.91～80.07, with an m/f ratio of 2.56～4.02, and content of MgO is negatively correlated to Al_2O_3 and CaO. The rare earth elements(REE) patterns show enriched light rare earth elements(LREE) and flat heavy rare earth elements(LREE). The complex is characterized by enrichment in large ion lithophile elements(LILE, such as Rb, Th, U) and pronounced depletion in high field strength elements(HFSE, such as Nb, Ta, Ti), which are similar to that of subalkaline continental arc basalt. And δ~(34)S values of sulfide range from 2.3‰ to 3.8‰, obviously different from the value(-1.57‰ to +0.60‰) of MORB. Rock assemblages and geochemical characteristics indicate that primitive magma of the Disu mafic-ultramafic complex sourced from partially melted lithosphere mantle which has been modified by crustal contamination and fluid metasomatism. Thus, the Cu-Ni deposits in the Baotan area formed in a subduction setting. Crustal contamination and fractional crystallization during the magmatic emplacement were the main factors to promote sulphur saturation and sulfide segregation of mafic-ultramafic magma in the Baotan area of northern Guangxi.
As one of several known magmatic sulfide deposits that formed in the Neoproterozoic in China, the magmatic evolution and tectonic setting of the ore-forming plutons in the Baotan area of northern Guangxi are highly debated. The study carried out an integrated analysis of petrography, zircon U-Pb dating, geochemistry for the Disu ultramafic-mafic complex. The results show that the complex developed three magmatic pulsations: pyroxenite, pyroxene peridotite-olivine pyroxenite-pyroxenite-grabbo and diorite, and the sulfide ore occurs at the bottom of the former two pulsations. Zircon U-Pb age 857±8 Ma of diorite constrains the ore-forming time to the Early Neoproterozoic; Mg~# of the complex is 71.91～80.07, with an m/f ratio of 2.56～4.02, and content of MgO is negatively correlated to Al_2O_3 and CaO. The rare earth elements(REE) patterns show enriched light rare earth elements(LREE) and flat heavy rare earth elements(LREE). The complex is characterized by enrichment in large ion lithophile elements(LILE, such as Rb, Th, U) and pronounced depletion in high field strength elements(HFSE, such as Nb, Ta, Ti), which are similar to that of subalkaline continental arc basalt. And δ~(34)S values of sulfide range from 2.3‰ to 3.8‰, obviously different from the value(-1.57‰ to +0.60‰) of MORB. Rock assemblages and geochemical characteristics indicate that primitive magma of the Disu mafic-ultramafic complex sourced from partially melted lithosphere mantle which has been modified by crustal contamination and fluid metasomatism. Thus, the Cu-Ni deposits in the Baotan area formed in a subduction setting. Crustal contamination and fractional crystallization during the magmatic emplacement were the main factors to promote sulphur saturation and sulfide segregation of mafic-ultramafic magma in the Baotan area of northern Guangxi.
引文
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