钵体苗活动苗盘的结构设计
|
摘要
为解决钵苗基质与钵盘间因接触面积大而导致其黏附力大、取苗时钵苗基质破损率高的问题,将现有油菜钵体苗育苗盘设计成由齿形侧板、矩形侧板、扭力弹簧和支撑轴等组成的钵穴形状可变的活动苗盘。借助Admas软件模拟仿真活动苗盘的开启过程及侧板上的受力情况,得到开启矩形侧板、齿形侧板的作用力峰值分别为4.28和9.22 N,作用力峰值出现时的位移间隔为25 mm。在万能材料力学试验机上对活动苗盘开启过程及侧板上的受力进行检测,得到开启矩形侧板、齿形侧板的作用力峰值分别为4.72和9.96 N,其作用力峰值出现时的位移间隔为24.3 mm,位移误差为2.8%。结果表明,活动苗盘的开启过程中作用力峰值变化趋势一致,所设计的活动苗盘开启过程各侧板开启位置及开启时间与设计目标一致,能实现有序打开。
In order to solve the substrate breakage problem caused by the strong adhesive force due to the large contact area between bowl seedling substrate bowl tray, which have an effect on bowl seedlings quality, the existing tray for rape bowl seedlings was designed as a operable bowl holes movable tray, which was composed of a toothed side plate, a rectangular side plate, a torsion spring and a supporting shaft. The movable tray opening process and side plat force condition were simulated by Adams software. The peak force of rectangular side plate and toothed side plate was 4.28 N and 9.22 N respectively, and the displacement interval of the peak force was 25 mm. Finally, the tray opening process force test was carried on the universal material mechanics experiment machine. The results showed that the peak force of rectangular side plate and toothed side plate was 4.72 N and 9.96 N, respectively, and the displacement interval of the peak force was 24.3 mm and the displacement error was 2.8%. It is found that there is a same variation trend of peak force with the synchronized opening process for simulation and experiment. The movable tray opening process is consistent with the design goal and the side plates can be opened in order.
In order to solve the substrate breakage problem caused by the strong adhesive force due to the large contact area between bowl seedling substrate bowl tray, which have an effect on bowl seedlings quality, the existing tray for rape bowl seedlings was designed as a operable bowl holes movable tray, which was composed of a toothed side plate, a rectangular side plate, a torsion spring and a supporting shaft. The movable tray opening process and side plat force condition were simulated by Adams software. The peak force of rectangular side plate and toothed side plate was 4.28 N and 9.22 N respectively, and the displacement interval of the peak force was 25 mm. Finally, the tray opening process force test was carried on the universal material mechanics experiment machine. The results showed that the peak force of rectangular side plate and toothed side plate was 4.72 N and 9.96 N, respectively, and the displacement interval of the peak force was 24.3 mm and the displacement error was 2.8%. It is found that there is a same variation trend of peak force with the synchronized opening process for simulation and experiment. The movable tray opening process is consistent with the design goal and the side plates can be opened in order.
引文
[1]何亚凯,李树君,杨学军,等.凸轮摆杆式移栽机构运动分析及性能研究[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(6):34–41.
[2]刘存祥,李晓虎,岳修满,等.我国旱地移栽机的现状与发展趋势[J].农机化研究,2012(11):249–253.
[3]刘明峰,胡先朋,廖宜涛,等.不同油菜品种适栽期机械化移栽植株形态特征研究[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(增刊1):79–88.
[4]徐玉娟,吴明亮,向伟,等.油菜钵苗移栽机送苗系统设计与验证[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(16):185–192.
[5]寻真福,孙松林,张武金,等.穴盘苗取投苗装置的设计与试验[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2015,41(6):680–684.
[6]于晓旭,赵匀,陈宝成,等.移栽机械发展现状与展望[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(8):44–53.
[7]卢永涛,李亚雄,刘洋,等.国内外移栽机及移栽技术现状分析[J].新疆农机化,2011(3):29–32.
[8]罗江河,孙松林,肖名涛,等.基于Matlab的油菜移栽机栽植机构运动学建模与分析[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2013,39(6):693–698.
[9]肖名涛,孙松林,李凯,等.油菜移栽机槽轮间歇式送苗机构的优化设计[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2014,40(2):211–215.
[10]张冕,姬江涛,杜新武.国内外移栽机研究现状与展望[J].农业工程,2012,2(2):21–23.
[11]张学志,王玉武.五图河农场麦茬水稻钵苗机插栽培技术初探[J].安徽农学通报,2014,20(增刊1):138–139.
[12]钱定华,张际先.土壤对金属材料粘附和摩擦研究状况概述[J].农业机械学报,1984,11(1):69–78.
[13]王蒙蒙,宋建农,刘彩玲,等.蔬菜移栽机曲柄摆杆式夹苗机构的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(14):49–57.
[14]金鑫,杜新武,杨传华,等.蔬菜移栽穴盘苗自动输送装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(7):103–111.
[15]高捷,马亚朋,胡斌,等.基于射流冲击的穴盘立式取苗器取苗过程的分析研究[J].农机化研究,2016(3):47–50.
[16]韩绿化,毛罕平,严蕾,等.穴盘苗移栽机两指四针钳夹式取苗末端执行器[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(7):23–30.
[17]张际先,桑正中,高良润.土壤对固体材料粘附和摩擦性能的研究[J].农业机械学报,1986,13(1):32–40.
[18]刘鸿文.材料力学教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1993:72–73.
[2]刘存祥,李晓虎,岳修满,等.我国旱地移栽机的现状与发展趋势[J].农机化研究,2012(11):249–253.
[3]刘明峰,胡先朋,廖宜涛,等.不同油菜品种适栽期机械化移栽植株形态特征研究[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(增刊1):79–88.
[4]徐玉娟,吴明亮,向伟,等.油菜钵苗移栽机送苗系统设计与验证[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(16):185–192.
[5]寻真福,孙松林,张武金,等.穴盘苗取投苗装置的设计与试验[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2015,41(6):680–684.
[6]于晓旭,赵匀,陈宝成,等.移栽机械发展现状与展望[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(8):44–53.
[7]卢永涛,李亚雄,刘洋,等.国内外移栽机及移栽技术现状分析[J].新疆农机化,2011(3):29–32.
[8]罗江河,孙松林,肖名涛,等.基于Matlab的油菜移栽机栽植机构运动学建模与分析[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2013,39(6):693–698.
[9]肖名涛,孙松林,李凯,等.油菜移栽机槽轮间歇式送苗机构的优化设计[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2014,40(2):211–215.
[10]张冕,姬江涛,杜新武.国内外移栽机研究现状与展望[J].农业工程,2012,2(2):21–23.
[11]张学志,王玉武.五图河农场麦茬水稻钵苗机插栽培技术初探[J].安徽农学通报,2014,20(增刊1):138–139.
[12]钱定华,张际先.土壤对金属材料粘附和摩擦研究状况概述[J].农业机械学报,1984,11(1):69–78.
[13]王蒙蒙,宋建农,刘彩玲,等.蔬菜移栽机曲柄摆杆式夹苗机构的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(14):49–57.
[14]金鑫,杜新武,杨传华,等.蔬菜移栽穴盘苗自动输送装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(7):103–111.
[15]高捷,马亚朋,胡斌,等.基于射流冲击的穴盘立式取苗器取苗过程的分析研究[J].农机化研究,2016(3):47–50.
[16]韩绿化,毛罕平,严蕾,等.穴盘苗移栽机两指四针钳夹式取苗末端执行器[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(7):23–30.
[17]张际先,桑正中,高良润.土壤对固体材料粘附和摩擦性能的研究[J].农业机械学报,1986,13(1):32–40.
[18]刘鸿文.材料力学教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1993:72–73.