中国地震遥感应用研究与地球物理场探测卫星计划
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摘要
中国地震遥感应用研究始于20世纪70年代中期,从简单的多光谱遥感图像解译线性活动构造开始,迄今已走过了40余年的历程。其中20世纪70、80年代以可见光遥感图像应用为特征,90年代为红外遥感、GNSS遥感和InSAR技术试验应用阶段,20世纪末到21世纪前10年主要表现为综合遥感应用和卫星电磁、卫星重力等地球物理场探测卫星计划预研,2011年以来侧重于集成前期研究成果,实施地球物理场卫星计划和卫星地震应用系统建设运行。目前可见光遥感技术在活动构造探查和灾害评估中已实现业务化应用,卫星红外、卫星电磁、InSAR技术、卫星重力和高光谱气体地球化学探测技术在地震监测领域越来越凸显出其应用效能。作为国家地球物理场探测卫星计划首发星,张衡一号电磁监测试验卫星于2018年2月2日进入预定轨道,目前在轨运行正常并产出了中国首幅全球地磁图,填补了中国在全球地球物理场获取能力方面的空白。
The application of seismic remote sensing in China began in mid 1970 s. More than 40 years have passed since the beginning of the simple linear active structure of multi spectral image interpretation. In the 1970 s and 1980 s, it was characterized by the application of visible light remote sensing images, and in the 1990 s, the infrared remote sensing, GNSS remote sensing, and InSAR technology were at the experimental application stage. From the late 20 th century to the first decade of the 21 st century, it was mainly manifested as integrated remote sensing application and pre-research of the satellite program of geophysical field exploration, such as electromagnetic field and gravity satellites. Since 2011, more attentions were played to integrating previous research results, implementing the geophysical field satellite plan,and the constructing, as well as operating the satellite seismic application system. After more than 40 years of development, the application of visible-light remote sensing technology in active tectonic exploration and disaster assessment has been realized. Satellite infrared, satellite electromagnetism, InSAR technology, satellite gravity, and hyperspectral gas geochemical detection technology have become increasingly prominent in the field of seismic monitoring. As the first satellite of the national geophysical field exploration satellite program, China Seismic-Electromagnetic Satellite, named ZH-1, entered its present orbit on February 2, 2018. At present, China's first global geomagnetic map was produced after the normal operation in orbit, which fills the gap in the acquisition capacity of the global geophysical field in China.
The application of seismic remote sensing in China began in mid 1970 s. More than 40 years have passed since the beginning of the simple linear active structure of multi spectral image interpretation. In the 1970 s and 1980 s, it was characterized by the application of visible light remote sensing images, and in the 1990 s, the infrared remote sensing, GNSS remote sensing, and InSAR technology were at the experimental application stage. From the late 20 th century to the first decade of the 21 st century, it was mainly manifested as integrated remote sensing application and pre-research of the satellite program of geophysical field exploration, such as electromagnetic field and gravity satellites. Since 2011, more attentions were played to integrating previous research results, implementing the geophysical field satellite plan,and the constructing, as well as operating the satellite seismic application system. After more than 40 years of development, the application of visible-light remote sensing technology in active tectonic exploration and disaster assessment has been realized. Satellite infrared, satellite electromagnetism, InSAR technology, satellite gravity, and hyperspectral gas geochemical detection technology have become increasingly prominent in the field of seismic monitoring. As the first satellite of the national geophysical field exploration satellite program, China Seismic-Electromagnetic Satellite, named ZH-1, entered its present orbit on February 2, 2018. At present, China's first global geomagnetic map was produced after the normal operation in orbit, which fills the gap in the acquisition capacity of the global geophysical field in China.
引文
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