高光谱热红外遥感技术在地质找矿中的应用
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摘要
高光谱热红外遥感技术用于地质找矿,目前国内外都在探索,由于热红外发射光谱的混合为线性混合,利用线性解混技术可以对硅酸盐类矿物,如石英进行识别和提取。这是其优于可见光—近红外和短波红外之处。大多数金属矿床与石英脉—硅化带的关系密切。另外,石英脉与硅化带的控矿作用又有差异。因此,利用高光谱遥感技术提取石英脉—硅化带,并将二者区分开来,对于金属矿的找矿具有极其重要的意义。航空高光谱热红外遥感技术由于可以获取高空间分辨率(亚米级)的高光谱热红外数据,可以进行热红外矿物精细填图,提取规模小的石英脉或硅化带,从而更具地质找矿价值。本文利用核工业北京地质研究院遥感信息与图像分析技术国家级重点实验室的航空热红外成像系统(TASI),在甘肃北山柳园—方山口和新疆雪米斯坦地区获取了高空间分辨率的高光谱热红外遥感数据,从开展实用化热红外大气校正与光谱重建技术入手,探索了石英脉—硅化带提取与区分,解决了地质找矿中石英脉—硅化带的提取与区分这一具普遍性的关键技术难题,并通过示范应用,取得了明显的找矿效果。
The application of thermal inferred hyperspectral remote sensing in ore exploration is a hot topic worldwide.In contrast to the visible and near inferred spectrum,thermal inferred spectrum of mixed materials can be easily unmixed using linear unmixed theory,which permits the content of silicate mineral to be qualitatively estimated.Since lots of ore deposits are spatially associated with quartz and silicate veins,the recognition of these two kinds of veins contribute to ore exploration work.The airborne thermal inferred hyperspectral remote sensing images due to its high spatial and spectral resolutions,can recognize quartz and silicate veins in small scales,thus benefits geological ore exploration.In this study,we acquired the thermal inferred hyperspectral remote sensing data covering the Liuyuan—Fangshankou and Xiemistian areas based on the TASI imager of National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Remote Sensing Information and Image Analysis,in an attempt to identify quartz and silicate veins.An application example was used to evaluate the capability of thermal inferred hyperspectral remote sensing in ore prospecting.
The application of thermal inferred hyperspectral remote sensing in ore exploration is a hot topic worldwide.In contrast to the visible and near inferred spectrum,thermal inferred spectrum of mixed materials can be easily unmixed using linear unmixed theory,which permits the content of silicate mineral to be qualitatively estimated.Since lots of ore deposits are spatially associated with quartz and silicate veins,the recognition of these two kinds of veins contribute to ore exploration work.The airborne thermal inferred hyperspectral remote sensing images due to its high spatial and spectral resolutions,can recognize quartz and silicate veins in small scales,thus benefits geological ore exploration.In this study,we acquired the thermal inferred hyperspectral remote sensing data covering the Liuyuan—Fangshankou and Xiemistian areas based on the TASI imager of National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Remote Sensing Information and Image Analysis,in an attempt to identify quartz and silicate veins.An application example was used to evaluate the capability of thermal inferred hyperspectral remote sensing in ore prospecting.
引文
黄照强,赵珍梅,闫东川,马伟.2010.基于热红外遥感数据的西藏冈底斯东段岩性识别.地质与勘探,46(6):1092~1098.
刘德长,闫柏琨,邱骏挺.2016.航空高光谱遥感固体矿产预测方法与示范应用.地球学报,37(3):349~358.
刘德长,邱骏挺,田丰,孙雨.2015a.区域控矿断裂带的航空高光谱遥感技术研究——以黑石山-花牛山深大断裂带为例.地质与勘探,51(2):366~375
刘德长,叶发旺,赵英俊,田丰,邱骏挺.2015b.航空高光谱遥感金矿床定位模型及找矿应用——以甘肃北山六院-方山口地区为例.地球信息科学学报,17(12):1545~1553.
毛光周,华仁明,龙光明,陆慧娟.2008.江西金山金矿成矿时代讨论.地质学报,82(4):532~539.
彭惠娟,汪雄武,侯林,秦志鹏,周云.2012.西藏甲玛铜多金属矿床石英脉特征.矿床地质,31(3):465~497.
宋扬,王瑞江,胡建中,谭应佳,石成龙,王涛.2011.河北金厂峪金矿控矿构造特征与成矿物质来源.地质学报,85(1):78~87
孙振明,任云生,李才,李兴奎,王明,范建军.2015.西藏班-怒带西段荣那铜(金)矿床流体包裹体特征及矿床成因.地质学报,89(3):608~617
王俊虎,张杰林,张静波.2010.基于热红外数据的花岗岩铀矿田地表SiO2含量反演及其铀成矿要素识别.地球信息科学学报,12(1):126~132.
王联魁.1986.华南花岗岩铀矿中硅化带-绿泥石化带-碱长交代体三位一体的演化模式.岩石学报,2(1):1~14.
王小飞,戚华文,胡瑞忠,毕献武,彭建堂.2011.粤北石英脉型钨多金属矿床中钨锡铋银钼的赋存状态研究.地质学报,85(3):405~421.
闫柏琨,刘圣伟,王润生,甘甫平,陈伟涛,杨苏明.2006.热红外遥感定量反演地表岩石的SiO2含量.地质通报,25(5):639~643.
杨立强,邓军,王中亮,张良,郭林楠,宋明春,郑小礼.2014.胶东中生代金成矿系统.岩石学报,30(9):2447~2467.
Hamilton V E,Wyatt M B,Mesween H Y.2001.Analysis of terrestrial and Martian volcanic composition using thermal emission spectroscopy:2.Application to Martian surface spectral from the Mars global surveyor thermal emission spectrometer.Journal of Geophysical Research,106(E7):14733~14746.
Huang Zhaoqiang,Zhao Zhenmei,Yan Dongchuan,Ma Wei.2010&.Lithological identification of eastern Gangdise in Tibet using ASTERthermal infrared data.Geology and Exploration,46(6):1092~1098.
Liu Dechang,Qiu Junting,Tian Feng and Sun Yu.2015a&.Application of airborne hyper-spectral remote sensing to mapping of orecontrolled faults:A case study of the Heishishan-Huaniushan fault.Geology and Exploration,51(2):366~375
Liu Dechang,Ye Fawang,Zhao Yingjun,Tian Feng,and Qiu Junting.2015b&.Airborne Hyperspectral remote sensing for gold prospecting around Liuyuan-Fangshankou area,Gansu province,China.Journal of Geo-information Science,17(12):1545~1553.
Liu Dechang,Yan Bokun,and Qiu Junting.2016&.The application of airborne hyper-spectral remote sensing technology to mienral resources exploration.Acta Geoscientica Sinica,37(3):349~358.
Mao Guangzhou,Hua Renming,Long Guangming,and Lu Huijuan.2008&.Discussion on the Mineralogenetic Epoch of the Jinshan Gold deposit,Jiangxi Province-Based on the Quartz Fluids Inclusion Rb-Sr Dating.Acta Geologica Sinica,82(4):532~539.
Peng Huijuan,Wang Xiongwu,Hou Lin,Qin Zhipeng,and Zhou Yun.2012&.Characteristics of quartz in stock work veins from Jiama copper polymetallic deposit,Tibet.Mineral Deposit,31(3):465~497.
Song Yang,Wang Ruijiang,Hu Jianzhong,Tan Yingjia,Shi Chenglong,and Wang Tao.2011&.Ore-controlling structure characteeristic and the sources of ore forming material in the Jinchangyu gold deposit,Hebei Province.Acta Geologica Sinica,85(1):78~87
Sun Zhenming,Ren Yunsheng,Li Cai,Li Xinkui,Wang Ming,Fan Jianjun.2015&.Fluid inclusion characteristics and ore genesis of the Rongna Cu(Au)Deposit in the western part of the Bangong Lake-Nujiang Suture Zone,Tibet.Acta Geologica Sinica,89(3):608~617
Wang Junhu,Zhang Jielin,Zhang Jinbo.2010&.Si O2content retrieving and metallogenic factors identification of a granite-type uranium orefield based on thermal infrared data.Journal of Geo-information Science,12(1):126~132.
Wang Liankui.1986&.“Three-in-one”evolution model for granite type U-ore deposits in south China:silicified zone-chloritized zonealkali feldspar.Acta Petrologica Sinica,2(1):1~14.
Wang Xiaofei,Qi Huawen,Hu Ruizhong,Bi Xianwu,and Peng Jiantang.2011&.Occurrence modes of tungsten,tin,bismuth,silver and molybdenum from the vein type tungsten polymetallic deposits in northern Guangdong,China.Acta Geologica Sinica,85(3):405~421.
Yan Bokun,Liu Shengwei,Wang Runsheng,Gan Fuping,Chen Weitao,Yang Suming.2006&.Quantitative inversion of the SiO2content in surface rocks using thermal infrared remote sensing.Geological Bulletin of China,25(5):639~643.
Yang Liqiang,Deng Jun,Wang Zhongliang,Zhang Liang,Guo Linnan,Song Chunming,and Zhen Xiaoli.2014&.Mesozoic gold metallogenic system of the Jiaodong gold province,eastern China.Acta Petrologica Sinica,30(9):2447~2467.
刘德长,闫柏琨,邱骏挺.2016.航空高光谱遥感固体矿产预测方法与示范应用.地球学报,37(3):349~358.
刘德长,邱骏挺,田丰,孙雨.2015a.区域控矿断裂带的航空高光谱遥感技术研究——以黑石山-花牛山深大断裂带为例.地质与勘探,51(2):366~375
刘德长,叶发旺,赵英俊,田丰,邱骏挺.2015b.航空高光谱遥感金矿床定位模型及找矿应用——以甘肃北山六院-方山口地区为例.地球信息科学学报,17(12):1545~1553.
毛光周,华仁明,龙光明,陆慧娟.2008.江西金山金矿成矿时代讨论.地质学报,82(4):532~539.
彭惠娟,汪雄武,侯林,秦志鹏,周云.2012.西藏甲玛铜多金属矿床石英脉特征.矿床地质,31(3):465~497.
宋扬,王瑞江,胡建中,谭应佳,石成龙,王涛.2011.河北金厂峪金矿控矿构造特征与成矿物质来源.地质学报,85(1):78~87
孙振明,任云生,李才,李兴奎,王明,范建军.2015.西藏班-怒带西段荣那铜(金)矿床流体包裹体特征及矿床成因.地质学报,89(3):608~617
王俊虎,张杰林,张静波.2010.基于热红外数据的花岗岩铀矿田地表SiO2含量反演及其铀成矿要素识别.地球信息科学学报,12(1):126~132.
王联魁.1986.华南花岗岩铀矿中硅化带-绿泥石化带-碱长交代体三位一体的演化模式.岩石学报,2(1):1~14.
王小飞,戚华文,胡瑞忠,毕献武,彭建堂.2011.粤北石英脉型钨多金属矿床中钨锡铋银钼的赋存状态研究.地质学报,85(3):405~421.
闫柏琨,刘圣伟,王润生,甘甫平,陈伟涛,杨苏明.2006.热红外遥感定量反演地表岩石的SiO2含量.地质通报,25(5):639~643.
杨立强,邓军,王中亮,张良,郭林楠,宋明春,郑小礼.2014.胶东中生代金成矿系统.岩石学报,30(9):2447~2467.
Hamilton V E,Wyatt M B,Mesween H Y.2001.Analysis of terrestrial and Martian volcanic composition using thermal emission spectroscopy:2.Application to Martian surface spectral from the Mars global surveyor thermal emission spectrometer.Journal of Geophysical Research,106(E7):14733~14746.
Huang Zhaoqiang,Zhao Zhenmei,Yan Dongchuan,Ma Wei.2010&.Lithological identification of eastern Gangdise in Tibet using ASTERthermal infrared data.Geology and Exploration,46(6):1092~1098.
Liu Dechang,Qiu Junting,Tian Feng and Sun Yu.2015a&.Application of airborne hyper-spectral remote sensing to mapping of orecontrolled faults:A case study of the Heishishan-Huaniushan fault.Geology and Exploration,51(2):366~375
Liu Dechang,Ye Fawang,Zhao Yingjun,Tian Feng,and Qiu Junting.2015b&.Airborne Hyperspectral remote sensing for gold prospecting around Liuyuan-Fangshankou area,Gansu province,China.Journal of Geo-information Science,17(12):1545~1553.
Liu Dechang,Yan Bokun,and Qiu Junting.2016&.The application of airborne hyper-spectral remote sensing technology to mienral resources exploration.Acta Geoscientica Sinica,37(3):349~358.
Mao Guangzhou,Hua Renming,Long Guangming,and Lu Huijuan.2008&.Discussion on the Mineralogenetic Epoch of the Jinshan Gold deposit,Jiangxi Province-Based on the Quartz Fluids Inclusion Rb-Sr Dating.Acta Geologica Sinica,82(4):532~539.
Peng Huijuan,Wang Xiongwu,Hou Lin,Qin Zhipeng,and Zhou Yun.2012&.Characteristics of quartz in stock work veins from Jiama copper polymetallic deposit,Tibet.Mineral Deposit,31(3):465~497.
Song Yang,Wang Ruijiang,Hu Jianzhong,Tan Yingjia,Shi Chenglong,and Wang Tao.2011&.Ore-controlling structure characteeristic and the sources of ore forming material in the Jinchangyu gold deposit,Hebei Province.Acta Geologica Sinica,85(1):78~87
Sun Zhenming,Ren Yunsheng,Li Cai,Li Xinkui,Wang Ming,Fan Jianjun.2015&.Fluid inclusion characteristics and ore genesis of the Rongna Cu(Au)Deposit in the western part of the Bangong Lake-Nujiang Suture Zone,Tibet.Acta Geologica Sinica,89(3):608~617
Wang Junhu,Zhang Jielin,Zhang Jinbo.2010&.Si O2content retrieving and metallogenic factors identification of a granite-type uranium orefield based on thermal infrared data.Journal of Geo-information Science,12(1):126~132.
Wang Liankui.1986&.“Three-in-one”evolution model for granite type U-ore deposits in south China:silicified zone-chloritized zonealkali feldspar.Acta Petrologica Sinica,2(1):1~14.
Wang Xiaofei,Qi Huawen,Hu Ruizhong,Bi Xianwu,and Peng Jiantang.2011&.Occurrence modes of tungsten,tin,bismuth,silver and molybdenum from the vein type tungsten polymetallic deposits in northern Guangdong,China.Acta Geologica Sinica,85(3):405~421.
Yan Bokun,Liu Shengwei,Wang Runsheng,Gan Fuping,Chen Weitao,Yang Suming.2006&.Quantitative inversion of the SiO2content in surface rocks using thermal infrared remote sensing.Geological Bulletin of China,25(5):639~643.
Yang Liqiang,Deng Jun,Wang Zhongliang,Zhang Liang,Guo Linnan,Song Chunming,and Zhen Xiaoli.2014&.Mesozoic gold metallogenic system of the Jiaodong gold province,eastern China.Acta Petrologica Sinica,30(9):2447~2467.