巴润矿24m高台阶爆破技术实验研究
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摘要
巴润露天矿前期开采形成的临时边坡未到界,形成了2组或4组台阶并段叠置现象。针对临时边坡陡直、扩帮到最终境界平台宽度窄,大型牙轮钻机、电动轮汽车作业危险的实际状况,提出了在已并段的2组12 m台阶上实施24 m高台阶爆破扩帮技术方案。用三维数值模拟技术研究了在爆破荷载作用下高台阶深孔在空气间隔装药结构下炮孔间、排间岩石在台阶顶、底部和排间中间部位的受力特性,分析了露天高台阶深孔爆破主要技术参数的可行性。现场爆破试验表明,毫秒微差起爆、大密集系数布孔、空气间隔装药等综合技术的应用,提高了陡直边坡、狭窄平台的扩帮爆破效率,降低了炸药单耗,保障了大型设备的作业安全。
The temporary slope formed in the early stage of mining in Barun Open-pit Mine did not reach the final mining boundary,and two or four groups of benches were combined in parallel. Aiming at the actual situation of steep temporary slope,narrow width of bench extending to the final boundary and dangerous operation of large geared drills and electric wheeled trucks,a 24 m high-bench blasting scheme for bench expansion is put forward on two groups of 12 m combined bench. Three-dimensional numerical simulation is adopted to investigate the stress characteristics of high-bench deep holes at blast holes,or at the top,bottom and middle parts of the bench under structure of air-interval charge,and the feasibility of main technical parameters of open high-step deep-hole blasting was analyzed. The field blasting test shows that the application of comprehensive techniques such as millisecond detonation,large dense holes arrangement and air-decking charge improves the blasting efficiency of steep slope and narrow bench,reduces the unit consumption of explosives and ensures the safety of large-scale equipment.
The temporary slope formed in the early stage of mining in Barun Open-pit Mine did not reach the final mining boundary,and two or four groups of benches were combined in parallel. Aiming at the actual situation of steep temporary slope,narrow width of bench extending to the final boundary and dangerous operation of large geared drills and electric wheeled trucks,a 24 m high-bench blasting scheme for bench expansion is put forward on two groups of 12 m combined bench. Three-dimensional numerical simulation is adopted to investigate the stress characteristics of high-bench deep holes at blast holes,or at the top,bottom and middle parts of the bench under structure of air-interval charge,and the feasibility of main technical parameters of open high-step deep-hole blasting was analyzed. The field blasting test shows that the application of comprehensive techniques such as millisecond detonation,large dense holes arrangement and air-decking charge improves the blasting efficiency of steep slope and narrow bench,reduces the unit consumption of explosives and ensures the safety of large-scale equipment.
引文
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[2]王德胜.预裂减震超前压缩孔内阻尼配合爆破法研究[J].金属矿山,1997(3):5-8.Wang Desheng.Research on blasting method combined of presplitting absorbing shock and beforehand compressing with in-holedamping[J].Metal Mine,1997(3):5-8.3.
[3]璩世杰,陈广平,尚峰华,等.台阶爆破垂直中深孔间隔装药技术的理论分析与应用[J].工程爆破,1999,5(4):57-61.Qu Shijie,Chen Guagnping,Shang Fenghua,et al.Theretical analysis and fieldtestson effect of decked charges in vertical holes of bench blasting[J].Engeering Blasting,1999,5(4):57-61.
[4]黄理兴.岩石动力学研究成就与趋势[J].岩土力学,2011,32(10):2889-2900.Huang Lixing.Development and new achievements of rock dynamics in China[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(10):2889-2900.
[5]黄永辉,刘殿书,李胜林,等.高台阶抛掷爆破速度规律的数值模拟[J].爆炸与冲击,2014,34(4):495-500.Huang Yonghui,Liu Dianshu,Li Shenglin,et al.Numerical simulation on pit-point blasting of sloping surface[J].Explosive and Shock Waves,2014,34(4):495-500.
[6]张凤鹏,金校远,冯夏庭.台阶高度对露天矿爆破效果影响的三维有限元分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(12):1835-1836.Zhang Fengpeng,Jin Xiaoyuan,Feng Xiating.Three dimensional finite element analysis of the effect of step height on blasting effect in surface mining[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(12):1835-1836.
[7]陆广,史秀志,杨志强.露天矿高台阶爆破几个问题的探讨[J].采矿技术,2007,7(3):70-72.Lu Guang,Shi Xiuzhi,Yang Zhiqiang.Discussion on several problems of high bench blasting in surface mine[J].Mining Technology,2007,7(3):70-72.
[8]王林,于亚伦.间隔装药对爆破破碎效果的影响[J].北京科技大学学报,1995(2):107-111.Wang Lin,Yu Yalun.Influence of interval charge broken effoct of blasting[J].Joumal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,1995(2):107-111.