变压器绝缘纸中酸值含量测试方法研究
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摘要
文中在实验室条件下通过研究确定了一套测试变压器绝缘纸中酸值含量的规范方法。对比各种试验手段,提出测量酸值的核心步骤是利用纯水对绝缘纸中酸值进行萃取,对萃取液采取KOH溶液滴定的方法计算酸值,考虑空白溶液和纸中残留变压器油中酸并对结果进行修正。基于文中提出的方法,对变压器油纸老化实验中的纸样酸值进行测量,结果表明,纸中酸值与聚合度随时间变化速率相关性较好,进一步验证了该方法的准确性。
In this paper,a set of standard method for measuring the acid value of transformer insulation paper is de-termined under laboratory conditions. Through a variety of experimental means of comparison,the core step of mea-suring acid value is to extract the acid value of the insulating paper with pure water. The KOH solution titration meth-od is used to calculate the acid value of extract.The acid both in the solvent and residual oil in the paper is consideredto correct the results. At the same time,with the proposed method,the acid value of the paper in the aging test oftransformer oil-paper is measured. It is concluded that the correlation between the acid value and the degree of polymerization is strong,verifying the accuracy of the proposed method.
In this paper,a set of standard method for measuring the acid value of transformer insulation paper is de-termined under laboratory conditions. Through a variety of experimental means of comparison,the core step of mea-suring acid value is to extract the acid value of the insulating paper with pure water. The KOH solution titration meth-od is used to calculate the acid value of extract.The acid both in the solvent and residual oil in the paper is consideredto correct the results. At the same time,with the proposed method,the acid value of the paper in the aging test oftransformer oil-paper is measured. It is concluded that the correlation between the acid value and the degree of polymerization is strong,verifying the accuracy of the proposed method.
引文
[1] LUNDGAARD L E,HANSEN W,INGEBRIGTSEN S.Ageing of mineral oil impregnated cellulose by acid catalysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2008,15(2):540-546.
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[3]廖瑞金,聂仕军,周欣.热稳定绝缘纸抗热老化性能提升机制的量子化学研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(25):196-203.LIAO Ruijin,NIE Shijun,ZHOU Xin. Quantum chemistry study on mechanism of anti-thermal ageing performance of thermally upgraded insulation papers[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(25):196-203.
[4]廖瑞金,郝建,梁帅伟,等.水分和酸对矿物油与天然酯混合油-纸绝缘热老化的影响[J].电工技术学报2010,25(7):31-37.LIAO Ruijin,HAO Jian,LIANG Shuaiwei,et al. Influence of water and acid on the thermal aging of mineral oil mixed with natural ester oil-paper insulation[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(7):31-37.
[5]吴广宁,王晓剑,李先浪,等.有机酸对油纸绝缘热老化及频域介电谱特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2014,40(5):1424-1432.WU Guangning,WANG Xiaojian,LI Xianlang,et al. Influence of organic acids on thermal aging and frequency domain dielectric spectroscopy characteristics of oil-paper insulation[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(5):1424-1432.
[6] VACA-GARCIA C,THIEBAUD S,BORREDON M E,et al. Cellulose esterification with fatty acids and acetic anhydride in lithium chloride/N,N-dimethylacetamide medium[J]. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’Society,1998,75(2):315-319.
[7] INGEBRIGTSEN S,DAHLUND D,HANSEN W. Solubility of carboxylic acids in paper(Kraft)-oil in-sulation systems[C]//CEIDP. Colorado,USA:IEEE,2004:253-257.
[8]绝缘油酸值的测定自动电位滴定法:NB/SH/T 0836—2010[S].北京:国家能源局,2010.Determination of acidity in oil insulation automatically potentiometric titration:NB/SH/T 0836—2010[S]. Beijing:The National Energy Bureau,2010.
[9]变压器油、汽轮机油酸值测定法(BTB法):GB/T 28552—2012[S]. 2012.Determination of transformer oil,turbine oil acid(BTB method):GB/T 28552—2012[S]. 2012.
[10]钱艺华,蔡利霞,李智.油中酸值简易测定方法的研究[J].广东电力,2002,15(3):23-24.QIAN Yihua,CAI Lixia,LI Zhi. Research on easy method of the acid number in oils[J]. Guangdong Electric Power,2002,15(3):23-24.
[11]纸、纸板和纸浆水抽取液酸度或碱度的测定:GB/T1545—2008[S]. 2008.Paper,board and pulp-Determination of acidity or alkalinity:GB/T 1545—2008[S]. 2008.
[12]李海燕,何梦,黄林,等.超高压变压器油中酸类物质的生成规律和变压器热老化状况分析[J].高电压技术,2015,41(6):1959-1964.LI Haiyan,HE Meng,HUANG Lin,et al. Correlation between the generation of acidic products and the thermal aging of oil-paper insulation of the UHV transformer[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(6):1959-1964.
[13]廖瑞金,孙会刚,尹建国,等.水分对油纸绝缘热老化速率及热老化特征参量的影响[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(5):34-42.LIAO Ruijin,SUN Huigang,YIN Jianguo,et al. Influence on the thermal aging rate and thermal aging characteristics caused by water content of oil-paper insulation[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(5):34-42.
[14]冯运.电力变压器油纸绝缘老化特性及机理研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2007.FENG Yun. Characteristics and mechanisms of aging of oilpaper insulation in power transformers[D]. Chongqing:Chongqing University,2007.
[15]矿物绝缘油腐蚀性硫检测法——裹绝缘纸铜扁线法:DL/T 285—2012[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2012.Test method for corrosive sulphur in mineral insulating oils:Copper conductor wrapped with insulating paper:DL/T285—2012[S]. Beijing:China Power Press,2012.
[16]廖瑞金,杨丽君,郑含博,等.电力变压器油纸绝缘热老化研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(5):1-12.LIAO Ruijin,YANG Lijun,ZHENG Hanbo,et al. Reviews on oil-paper insulation thermal aging in power transformers[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(5):1-12.
[17]廖瑞金,聂仕军,周欣,等.热稳定绝缘纸抗热老化性能提升机制的量子化学研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(25):196-203.LIAO Ruijin,NIE Shijun,ZHOU Xin,et al. Quantum chemistry study on mechanism of anti-thermal ageing performance of thermally upgraded insulation papers[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(25):196-203.
[18] LUNDGAARD L E,HANSEN W,LINHJELL D,et al. Aging of oil-impregnated paper in power transformers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2004,19(1):230-239.
[19]新的和老化后的纤维素电气绝缘材料粘均聚合度的测量:GB/T 29305—2012[S]. 2012.Measurement of the average viscometric degree of polymerization of new and aged cellulosic electrically insulating materials:GB/T 29305—2012[S]. 2012.
[20]新的和老化的纤维素电绝缘材料的粘均聚合度的测量:IEC 60450:2007[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.Measurement of the average viscometric degree of polymerization of new and aged cellulosic electrically insulating materials:IEC 60450:2007[S]. Beijing:China Standards Press,2007.
[2]裴继诚.植物纤维化学[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2005.PEI Jicheng. Chemistry of plant fiber[M]. Beijing:China Light Industry Press,2005.
[3]廖瑞金,聂仕军,周欣.热稳定绝缘纸抗热老化性能提升机制的量子化学研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(25):196-203.LIAO Ruijin,NIE Shijun,ZHOU Xin. Quantum chemistry study on mechanism of anti-thermal ageing performance of thermally upgraded insulation papers[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(25):196-203.
[4]廖瑞金,郝建,梁帅伟,等.水分和酸对矿物油与天然酯混合油-纸绝缘热老化的影响[J].电工技术学报2010,25(7):31-37.LIAO Ruijin,HAO Jian,LIANG Shuaiwei,et al. Influence of water and acid on the thermal aging of mineral oil mixed with natural ester oil-paper insulation[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(7):31-37.
[5]吴广宁,王晓剑,李先浪,等.有机酸对油纸绝缘热老化及频域介电谱特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2014,40(5):1424-1432.WU Guangning,WANG Xiaojian,LI Xianlang,et al. Influence of organic acids on thermal aging and frequency domain dielectric spectroscopy characteristics of oil-paper insulation[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(5):1424-1432.
[6] VACA-GARCIA C,THIEBAUD S,BORREDON M E,et al. Cellulose esterification with fatty acids and acetic anhydride in lithium chloride/N,N-dimethylacetamide medium[J]. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’Society,1998,75(2):315-319.
[7] INGEBRIGTSEN S,DAHLUND D,HANSEN W. Solubility of carboxylic acids in paper(Kraft)-oil in-sulation systems[C]//CEIDP. Colorado,USA:IEEE,2004:253-257.
[8]绝缘油酸值的测定自动电位滴定法:NB/SH/T 0836—2010[S].北京:国家能源局,2010.Determination of acidity in oil insulation automatically potentiometric titration:NB/SH/T 0836—2010[S]. Beijing:The National Energy Bureau,2010.
[9]变压器油、汽轮机油酸值测定法(BTB法):GB/T 28552—2012[S]. 2012.Determination of transformer oil,turbine oil acid(BTB method):GB/T 28552—2012[S]. 2012.
[10]钱艺华,蔡利霞,李智.油中酸值简易测定方法的研究[J].广东电力,2002,15(3):23-24.QIAN Yihua,CAI Lixia,LI Zhi. Research on easy method of the acid number in oils[J]. Guangdong Electric Power,2002,15(3):23-24.
[11]纸、纸板和纸浆水抽取液酸度或碱度的测定:GB/T1545—2008[S]. 2008.Paper,board and pulp-Determination of acidity or alkalinity:GB/T 1545—2008[S]. 2008.
[12]李海燕,何梦,黄林,等.超高压变压器油中酸类物质的生成规律和变压器热老化状况分析[J].高电压技术,2015,41(6):1959-1964.LI Haiyan,HE Meng,HUANG Lin,et al. Correlation between the generation of acidic products and the thermal aging of oil-paper insulation of the UHV transformer[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(6):1959-1964.
[13]廖瑞金,孙会刚,尹建国,等.水分对油纸绝缘热老化速率及热老化特征参量的影响[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(5):34-42.LIAO Ruijin,SUN Huigang,YIN Jianguo,et al. Influence on the thermal aging rate and thermal aging characteristics caused by water content of oil-paper insulation[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(5):34-42.
[14]冯运.电力变压器油纸绝缘老化特性及机理研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2007.FENG Yun. Characteristics and mechanisms of aging of oilpaper insulation in power transformers[D]. Chongqing:Chongqing University,2007.
[15]矿物绝缘油腐蚀性硫检测法——裹绝缘纸铜扁线法:DL/T 285—2012[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2012.Test method for corrosive sulphur in mineral insulating oils:Copper conductor wrapped with insulating paper:DL/T285—2012[S]. Beijing:China Power Press,2012.
[16]廖瑞金,杨丽君,郑含博,等.电力变压器油纸绝缘热老化研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(5):1-12.LIAO Ruijin,YANG Lijun,ZHENG Hanbo,et al. Reviews on oil-paper insulation thermal aging in power transformers[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(5):1-12.
[17]廖瑞金,聂仕军,周欣,等.热稳定绝缘纸抗热老化性能提升机制的量子化学研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(25):196-203.LIAO Ruijin,NIE Shijun,ZHOU Xin,et al. Quantum chemistry study on mechanism of anti-thermal ageing performance of thermally upgraded insulation papers[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(25):196-203.
[18] LUNDGAARD L E,HANSEN W,LINHJELL D,et al. Aging of oil-impregnated paper in power transformers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2004,19(1):230-239.
[19]新的和老化后的纤维素电气绝缘材料粘均聚合度的测量:GB/T 29305—2012[S]. 2012.Measurement of the average viscometric degree of polymerization of new and aged cellulosic electrically insulating materials:GB/T 29305—2012[S]. 2012.
[20]新的和老化的纤维素电绝缘材料的粘均聚合度的测量:IEC 60450:2007[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.Measurement of the average viscometric degree of polymerization of new and aged cellulosic electrically insulating materials:IEC 60450:2007[S]. Beijing:China Standards Press,2007.