电热联合老化对电缆附件应力锥处空间电荷积聚特性的影响
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摘要
为研究电缆应力锥处电荷积聚效应,将10 kV交联聚乙烯电缆进行电热联合加速老化,采用电声脉冲法测试不同老化阶段的电缆应力锥处空间电荷在轴向和径向的分布规律。实验结果显示:空间电荷密度在距应力锥内侧边缘约2 cm位置最大,向轴向两侧逐渐减小;随着老化时间的增加,应力锥处的空间电荷密度逐渐增大,分布范围扩大。结合交流电压下电荷运输机制,分析得到电荷积聚的来源是空间电荷从外侧迁移至应力锥位置并发生积累。该研究可为电缆附件易发生故障原因分析提供理论参考,对于提升电缆绝缘性能具有重要现实意义和实用价值。
To research the distribution of space charge at the position of the stress cone in cable, a 10 kV XLPE cable was aged under electrical-thermal stress, and the distribution characteristics of space charge in the axial and radial direction of the cable at the stress cone were tested in different aging stages by a pulse electro-acoustic method. The test results show that, in the axial direction, the position of the maximum space charge density is at the inner edge of the cable stress cone,about 2 cm, and the charge density decreases in both inner and outer axial directions. With the increase of aging time, the space charge density at the stress cone gradually increases and its distribution range extends. According to the mechanism of charge transport under AC voltage, space charge migrates from the outside to the position of the stress cone and accumulates. The study of space charge accumulation at stress cone can provide a theoretical reference for the cause analysis of cable accessory failures. It is of important practical significance and value for the improvement of cable insulation properties.
To research the distribution of space charge at the position of the stress cone in cable, a 10 kV XLPE cable was aged under electrical-thermal stress, and the distribution characteristics of space charge in the axial and radial direction of the cable at the stress cone were tested in different aging stages by a pulse electro-acoustic method. The test results show that, in the axial direction, the position of the maximum space charge density is at the inner edge of the cable stress cone,about 2 cm, and the charge density decreases in both inner and outer axial directions. With the increase of aging time, the space charge density at the stress cone gradually increases and its distribution range extends. According to the mechanism of charge transport under AC voltage, space charge migrates from the outside to the position of the stress cone and accumulates. The study of space charge accumulation at stress cone can provide a theoretical reference for the cause analysis of cable accessory failures. It is of important practical significance and value for the improvement of cable insulation properties.
引文
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[6]DISSADO L A,MAZZANTI G,MONTANARI G C.The role of trapped space charges in the electrical aging of insulating materials[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,1997,4(5):496-506.
[7]LI J,LIANG H C,DU B X,et al.Surface functional graded spacer for compact HVDC gaseous insulated system[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2019,26(2):664-667.
[8]ZHOU C,CHEN G.Space charge and AC electrical breakdown strength in polyethylene[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2017,24(1):559-566.
[9]ZHOU T,CHEN G,LIAO R,et al.Charge trapping and detrapping in polymeric materials:trapping parameters[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2010,106(12):123707.
[10]LIU N,CHEN G.Changes in charge trapping/detrapping in polymeric materials and its relation with aging[C]∥Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena(CEIDP).Virginia Beach,VA,USA:IEEE,2013:800-803.
[11]DISSADO L A,MAZZANTI G,MONTANARI G C.The role of trapped space charges in the electrical aging of insulating materials[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,1997,4(5):496-506.
[12]郑飞虎,张冶文,肖春.聚合物电介质的击穿与空间电荷的关系[J].材料科学与工程学报,2006,24(2):316-320,285.ZHENG Feihu,ZHANG Yewen,XIAO Chun.Relationship between breakdown in polymer dielectrics and space charge[J].Journal of Materials Science&Engineering,2006,24(2):316-320,285.
[13]李进,杜伯学,李忠磊,等.表面氟化对聚酰亚胺薄膜吸水特性及其击穿电压和表面电荷特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2016,42(9):2943-2949.LI Jin,DU Boxue,LI Zhonglei,et al.Effects of surface fluorination on the water absorption behaviors,breakdown voltage and surface charge characteristic of polyimide films[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(9):2943-2949.
[14]LAURENT C,TEYSSEDRE G,ROY S L,et al.Charge dynamics and its energetic features in polymeric materials[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2013,20(2):357-381
[15]程子霞,鲁泽楷,张灵,等.交联聚乙烯直流电缆料高温空间电荷行为特性[J].高电压技术,2018,44(8):2664-2671.CHENG Zixia,LU Zekai,ZHANG Ling,et al.Space charge behavior of DC cable’s XLPE material at high temperatures[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(8):2664-2671.
[16]TANAKA T,GREENWORD A.Effects of charge injection and extraction on tree initiation in polyethylene[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1978,97(5):1749-1757.
[17]BAMJI S S,BLULINSKE A T,DENSLEY R J.Degration of polymeric insulation due to photoemission caused by high electric fields[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,1989,24(1):91-98.
[18]GRESSUS C L,BLAISE G.Breakdown phenomena related to trapping/detrapping processes in wide band gap insulators[J].IEEETransactions on Electrical Insulation,1992,27(3):472-481.
[19]HE D,GU J,WANG W,et al.Research on mechanical and dielectric properties of XLPE cable under accelerated electrical-thermal aging[J].Polymers for Advanced Technologies,2016,28(8):1020-1029.
[20]王伟,何东欣,陈胜科,等.温度梯度场下电缆本体脉冲电声法空间电荷测量声波纠正[J].高电压技术,2015,41(4):1084-1089.WANG Wei,HE Dongxin,CHEN Shengke,et al.Correction of acoustic wave in PEA space charge measurement on cable under temperature gradient[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(4):1084-1089.
[21]HE D,WANG W,LU J,et al.Space charge characteristics of power cables under AC stress and temperature gradients[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2016,23(4):2404-2412.
[22]HOZUMI N,SUZUKI H,OKAMOTO T,et al.Direct observation of time-dependent space charge profiles in XLPE cable under high electric fields[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,1994,1(6):1068-1076.
[23]张灵,周远翔,滕陈源,等.温度场下非等温结晶对低密度聚乙烯空间电荷特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2017,43(2):420-428.ZHANG Ling,ZHOU Yuanxiang,TENG Chenyuan,et al.Influence of non-isothermal crystallization on space charge characteristics in low-density polyethylene at temperature fields[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(2):420-428.
[24]FABIANI D,MONTANARI G C,SIRACUSANO E,et al.Ultra-fast space charge packets in nanostructured epoxy-based materials[C]∥Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena(CEIDP).Virginia Beach,VA,USA:IEEE,2009:31-34.
[25]王伟,何东欣,易登辉,等.工频电压下电缆本体的空间电荷测试[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(7):152-158.WANG Wei,HE Dongxin,YI Denghui,et al.Space charge measurement on cable under AC voltage[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(7):152-158.
[26]夏俊峰,张冶文,郑飞虎,等.基于类耿氏效应的低密度聚乙烯中空间电荷包行为的模拟仿真[J].物理学报,2010,59(1):508-514.XIA Junfeng,ZHANG Yewen,ZHENG Feihu,et al.Numerical simulation of charge packet behavior in low-density polyethylene based on Gunn effect-like model[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2010,59(1):508-514.
[27]TEYSSEDRE G,VU T T N,LAURENT C.Negative differential mobility for negative carriers as revealed by space charge measurements on crosslinked polyethylene insulated model cables[J].Applied Physics Letters,2015,107(25):093528.
[28]BOUFAYED F,TEYSSèDRE G,LAURENT C,et al.Models of bipolar charge transport in polyethylene[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2006,100(10):104105.
[29]吴建东.低密度聚乙烯纳米复合介质中电荷输运的实验研究和数值模拟[D].上海:上海交通大学,2012.WU Jiandong.Charge transport investigation in low density polyethylene/silica nanocomposite based on experiment and numerical simulation[D].Shanghai,China:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2012.
[30]钟小燕,郑跃胜,党斌,等.直流电场下聚合物空间电荷分布的极性效应[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6693-6701.ZHONG Xiaoyan,ZHENG Yuesheng,DANG Bin,et al.Polarity effect on space charge distributions in polymer under DC electric field[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(24):6693-6701.
[31]BAUDOIN F,LEROY S,TEYSSEDRE G,et al.Bipolar charge transport model with trapping and recombination:an analysis of the current versus applied electric field characteristic in steady state conditions[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,2008,41(2):025306.
[32]CHEN G,XU Z.Charge trapping and detrapping in polymeric materials[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2009,106(12):123707.
[33]NATH R,PERLMAN M M.Steady-state bulk trap-modulated hopping conduction in doped linear low-density polyethylene[J].Journal of Applied Physics,1989,65(12):4854-4858.
[34]ROY S L,SEGUR P,TEYSSEDRE G,et al.Description of bipolar charge transport in polyethylene using a fluid model with a constant mobility:model prediction[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,2004,37(2):298-309.
[2]杜伯学,李忠磊,杨卓然,等.高压直流交联聚乙烯电缆应用与研究进展[J].高电压技术,2017,43(2):344-354.DU Boxue,LI Zhonglei,YANG Zhuoran,et al.Application and research progress of HVDC XLPE cables[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(2):344-354.
[3]申积良,罗俊华,汤美云,等.110 kV电缆终端头爆炸事故分析[J].高电压技术,2005,31(11):74-75.SHEN Jiliang,LUO Junhua,TANG Meiyun,et al.Analysis of explosion accident of 110 kV power cable termination[J].High Voltage Engineering,2005,31(11):74-75.
[4]刘云鹏,李演达,刘贺晨,等.XLPE直流接地电树枝生长特性及形态结构[J].高电压技术,2017,43(11):3551-3558.LIU Yunpeng,LI Yanda,LIU Hechen,et al.Grounded DC tree growth characters and propagation structure in XLPE[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(11):3551-3558.
[5]MONTANARI G C.Bringing an insulation to failure:the role of space charge[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2011,18(2):339-364.
[6]DISSADO L A,MAZZANTI G,MONTANARI G C.The role of trapped space charges in the electrical aging of insulating materials[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,1997,4(5):496-506.
[7]LI J,LIANG H C,DU B X,et al.Surface functional graded spacer for compact HVDC gaseous insulated system[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2019,26(2):664-667.
[8]ZHOU C,CHEN G.Space charge and AC electrical breakdown strength in polyethylene[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2017,24(1):559-566.
[9]ZHOU T,CHEN G,LIAO R,et al.Charge trapping and detrapping in polymeric materials:trapping parameters[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2010,106(12):123707.
[10]LIU N,CHEN G.Changes in charge trapping/detrapping in polymeric materials and its relation with aging[C]∥Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena(CEIDP).Virginia Beach,VA,USA:IEEE,2013:800-803.
[11]DISSADO L A,MAZZANTI G,MONTANARI G C.The role of trapped space charges in the electrical aging of insulating materials[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,1997,4(5):496-506.
[12]郑飞虎,张冶文,肖春.聚合物电介质的击穿与空间电荷的关系[J].材料科学与工程学报,2006,24(2):316-320,285.ZHENG Feihu,ZHANG Yewen,XIAO Chun.Relationship between breakdown in polymer dielectrics and space charge[J].Journal of Materials Science&Engineering,2006,24(2):316-320,285.
[13]李进,杜伯学,李忠磊,等.表面氟化对聚酰亚胺薄膜吸水特性及其击穿电压和表面电荷特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2016,42(9):2943-2949.LI Jin,DU Boxue,LI Zhonglei,et al.Effects of surface fluorination on the water absorption behaviors,breakdown voltage and surface charge characteristic of polyimide films[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(9):2943-2949.
[14]LAURENT C,TEYSSEDRE G,ROY S L,et al.Charge dynamics and its energetic features in polymeric materials[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2013,20(2):357-381
[15]程子霞,鲁泽楷,张灵,等.交联聚乙烯直流电缆料高温空间电荷行为特性[J].高电压技术,2018,44(8):2664-2671.CHENG Zixia,LU Zekai,ZHANG Ling,et al.Space charge behavior of DC cable’s XLPE material at high temperatures[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(8):2664-2671.
[16]TANAKA T,GREENWORD A.Effects of charge injection and extraction on tree initiation in polyethylene[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1978,97(5):1749-1757.
[17]BAMJI S S,BLULINSKE A T,DENSLEY R J.Degration of polymeric insulation due to photoemission caused by high electric fields[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,1989,24(1):91-98.
[18]GRESSUS C L,BLAISE G.Breakdown phenomena related to trapping/detrapping processes in wide band gap insulators[J].IEEETransactions on Electrical Insulation,1992,27(3):472-481.
[19]HE D,GU J,WANG W,et al.Research on mechanical and dielectric properties of XLPE cable under accelerated electrical-thermal aging[J].Polymers for Advanced Technologies,2016,28(8):1020-1029.
[20]王伟,何东欣,陈胜科,等.温度梯度场下电缆本体脉冲电声法空间电荷测量声波纠正[J].高电压技术,2015,41(4):1084-1089.WANG Wei,HE Dongxin,CHEN Shengke,et al.Correction of acoustic wave in PEA space charge measurement on cable under temperature gradient[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(4):1084-1089.
[21]HE D,WANG W,LU J,et al.Space charge characteristics of power cables under AC stress and temperature gradients[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2016,23(4):2404-2412.
[22]HOZUMI N,SUZUKI H,OKAMOTO T,et al.Direct observation of time-dependent space charge profiles in XLPE cable under high electric fields[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,1994,1(6):1068-1076.
[23]张灵,周远翔,滕陈源,等.温度场下非等温结晶对低密度聚乙烯空间电荷特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2017,43(2):420-428.ZHANG Ling,ZHOU Yuanxiang,TENG Chenyuan,et al.Influence of non-isothermal crystallization on space charge characteristics in low-density polyethylene at temperature fields[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(2):420-428.
[24]FABIANI D,MONTANARI G C,SIRACUSANO E,et al.Ultra-fast space charge packets in nanostructured epoxy-based materials[C]∥Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena(CEIDP).Virginia Beach,VA,USA:IEEE,2009:31-34.
[25]王伟,何东欣,易登辉,等.工频电压下电缆本体的空间电荷测试[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(7):152-158.WANG Wei,HE Dongxin,YI Denghui,et al.Space charge measurement on cable under AC voltage[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(7):152-158.
[26]夏俊峰,张冶文,郑飞虎,等.基于类耿氏效应的低密度聚乙烯中空间电荷包行为的模拟仿真[J].物理学报,2010,59(1):508-514.XIA Junfeng,ZHANG Yewen,ZHENG Feihu,et al.Numerical simulation of charge packet behavior in low-density polyethylene based on Gunn effect-like model[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2010,59(1):508-514.
[27]TEYSSEDRE G,VU T T N,LAURENT C.Negative differential mobility for negative carriers as revealed by space charge measurements on crosslinked polyethylene insulated model cables[J].Applied Physics Letters,2015,107(25):093528.
[28]BOUFAYED F,TEYSSèDRE G,LAURENT C,et al.Models of bipolar charge transport in polyethylene[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2006,100(10):104105.
[29]吴建东.低密度聚乙烯纳米复合介质中电荷输运的实验研究和数值模拟[D].上海:上海交通大学,2012.WU Jiandong.Charge transport investigation in low density polyethylene/silica nanocomposite based on experiment and numerical simulation[D].Shanghai,China:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2012.
[30]钟小燕,郑跃胜,党斌,等.直流电场下聚合物空间电荷分布的极性效应[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6693-6701.ZHONG Xiaoyan,ZHENG Yuesheng,DANG Bin,et al.Polarity effect on space charge distributions in polymer under DC electric field[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(24):6693-6701.
[31]BAUDOIN F,LEROY S,TEYSSEDRE G,et al.Bipolar charge transport model with trapping and recombination:an analysis of the current versus applied electric field characteristic in steady state conditions[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,2008,41(2):025306.
[32]CHEN G,XU Z.Charge trapping and detrapping in polymeric materials[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2009,106(12):123707.
[33]NATH R,PERLMAN M M.Steady-state bulk trap-modulated hopping conduction in doped linear low-density polyethylene[J].Journal of Applied Physics,1989,65(12):4854-4858.
[34]ROY S L,SEGUR P,TEYSSEDRE G,et al.Description of bipolar charge transport in polyethylene using a fluid model with a constant mobility:model prediction[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,2004,37(2):298-309.
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