鄂尔多斯盆地东缘煤层气构造控气特征
|
摘要
为总结鄂尔多斯盆地东缘构造变形对煤层气的控制作用,结合不同区块构造演化、构造类型、含气量和岩石力学性质,分析了影响煤层气开发的关键因素。结果表明:研究区煤系在三叠纪达最大埋深,在研究区中南部的大地热流有明显上升,较煤变质程度较热流平稳下降的北部高;缓倾斜、单斜、背斜、向斜、推覆构造、逆断层和挤压型层滑等7种有利的阻气构造发育,以缓倾斜和单斜广泛发育且最为有利;受地应力影响,同一井位上下煤层的气体富集程度有较大差异;煤层顶板有泥岩、砂岩和灰岩等,灰岩也具有良好的封存效果。在分析不同顶底板组合和构造结合的基础上,提出了"砂通煤""水包气"的构造控气模式,并划分了有利的储气构造位置。
In order to conclude the structural control effect on coalbed methane in East Margin of Ordos Basin,the key elements control coalbed mathane development were analyzed based on tectonic evolution,structural types,gas content and rock mechanic of coal bearing strata in different blocks. Results showed that the coal strata in the study area were subsided into the deepest depth in Triassic,and the heat flow in the south and middle area increased obviously,which resulted in a higher coal rank than the north under a steadily declined heat flow condition; seven types structure favorable for gas accumulation were developed,e. g. gently incline,monocline,anticline( syncline),nappe tectonics,reverse fault and extruded layer slip,of which the gently incline and monocline developedwere developed largely and the most favorable; under the influence of in-situ stresses,the two sets coal seams of the same well showed magnificent difference in gas accumulation; the coal roof developed mudstone,sandstone and limestone,with different effects on methane preservation,of which the limestone showed good sealing effect. Based on the analysis of different coal roof combination and structural patterns,the " co-produced sandstone reservoiring" and " water confining gas reservoring" were proposed,and the prolific structural area were also plotted.
In order to conclude the structural control effect on coalbed methane in East Margin of Ordos Basin,the key elements control coalbed mathane development were analyzed based on tectonic evolution,structural types,gas content and rock mechanic of coal bearing strata in different blocks. Results showed that the coal strata in the study area were subsided into the deepest depth in Triassic,and the heat flow in the south and middle area increased obviously,which resulted in a higher coal rank than the north under a steadily declined heat flow condition; seven types structure favorable for gas accumulation were developed,e. g. gently incline,monocline,anticline( syncline),nappe tectonics,reverse fault and extruded layer slip,of which the gently incline and monocline developedwere developed largely and the most favorable; under the influence of in-situ stresses,the two sets coal seams of the same well showed magnificent difference in gas accumulation; the coal roof developed mudstone,sandstone and limestone,with different effects on methane preservation,of which the limestone showed good sealing effect. Based on the analysis of different coal roof combination and structural patterns,the " co-produced sandstone reservoiring" and " water confining gas reservoring" were proposed,and the prolific structural area were also plotted.
引文
[1]陈钟惠,张年茂,张守良,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘晚古生代含煤岩系沉积体系和聚煤作用的时空演化[J].地球科学,1989,14(4):357-366.
[2]王少昌.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘上古生界煤成气初探[J].天然气工业,1983,8(2):1-5.
[3]李勇,汤达祯,许浩,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘“翘板”支点影响下的含煤地层发育特征[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(S1):406-410.
[4]接铭训.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘煤层气勘探开发前景[J].天然气工业,2010,30(6):1-6.
[5]秦勇,汤达祯,刘大锰,等.煤储层开发动态地质评价理论与技术进展[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(1):80-88.
[6]Bachu S,Michael K.Possible Controls of Hydrogeological and Stress Regimes on The Producibility of Coalbed Methane in Upper Cretaceous-Tertiary Strata of the Alberta Basin,Canada[J].AAPG Bulletin,2003,87(11):1729-1754.
[7]Pashin J C.Variable Gas Saturation in Coalbed Methane Reservoirs of the Black Warrior Basin:Implications for Exploration and Production[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2010,82(3):135-146.
[8]宋岩,柳少波,琚宜文,等.含气量和渗透率耦合作用对高丰度煤层气富集区的控制[J].石油学报,2013,34(3):417-426.
[9]姜波,许进鹏,朱奎,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘构造-水文地质控气特征[J].高校地质学报,2012,18(3):438-446.
[10]王琳琳,姜波,屈争辉.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘煤层含气量的构造控制作用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2013,41(1):14-24.
[11]李增学,王明镇,余继峰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地晚古生代含煤地层层序地层与海侵成煤特点[J].沉积学报,2006,24(6):834-840.
[12]李勇,汤达祯,许浩,等.河东煤田北部典砂岩体沉积演化特征[J].天然气工业,2013,33(2):22-27.
[13]汪正江,陈洪德,张锦泉.鄂尔多斯盆地晚古生代沉积体系演化与煤成气藏[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2002,22(2):18-23.
[14]SONG Yan,ZHAO Meng-jun,HONG Feng,et al.Pool-forming stages and enrichment models of medium-to high-rank coalbed methane.ACTA Geologica Sinica,2010,84(6):1539-1546.
[15]宋岩,柳少波,洪峰,等.中国煤层气地球化学特征及成因[J].石油学报,2012,33(S1):99-106.
[16]汤达祯,杨起,潘治贵.河东煤田地史-热史模拟与煤变质演化[J].现代地质,1992,6(3):328-337.
[17]杨起.华北石炭二叠纪煤变质特征及地质因素探讨[M].北京:地质出版社,1988:1-106.
[18]田文广,汤达祯,王志丽,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东北缘保德地区煤层气成因[J].高校地质学报,2012,18(3):479-484.
[19]廖昌珍,张岳桥,温长顺,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘边界带构造样式及其区域构造意义[J].地质学报,2007,81(4):466-474.
[20]张泓.鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化与成煤作用[M].北京:地质出版社,2005:1-68.
[21]马行陟,宋岩,柳少波,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘韩城地区煤层气地球化学特征及其成因[J].天然气工业,2012,31(4):17-20.
[22]赵庆波,孙粉锦,李五忠.煤层气勘探开发地质理论与实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011:1-337.
[23]曹代勇,姚征,李靖.煤系非常规天然气评价研究现状与发展趋势[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(1):89-92.
[24]金裕科.影响煤层含气量若干因素初探[J].天然气工业,1995,15(5):1-5.
[2]王少昌.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘上古生界煤成气初探[J].天然气工业,1983,8(2):1-5.
[3]李勇,汤达祯,许浩,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘“翘板”支点影响下的含煤地层发育特征[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(S1):406-410.
[4]接铭训.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘煤层气勘探开发前景[J].天然气工业,2010,30(6):1-6.
[5]秦勇,汤达祯,刘大锰,等.煤储层开发动态地质评价理论与技术进展[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(1):80-88.
[6]Bachu S,Michael K.Possible Controls of Hydrogeological and Stress Regimes on The Producibility of Coalbed Methane in Upper Cretaceous-Tertiary Strata of the Alberta Basin,Canada[J].AAPG Bulletin,2003,87(11):1729-1754.
[7]Pashin J C.Variable Gas Saturation in Coalbed Methane Reservoirs of the Black Warrior Basin:Implications for Exploration and Production[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2010,82(3):135-146.
[8]宋岩,柳少波,琚宜文,等.含气量和渗透率耦合作用对高丰度煤层气富集区的控制[J].石油学报,2013,34(3):417-426.
[9]姜波,许进鹏,朱奎,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘构造-水文地质控气特征[J].高校地质学报,2012,18(3):438-446.
[10]王琳琳,姜波,屈争辉.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘煤层含气量的构造控制作用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2013,41(1):14-24.
[11]李增学,王明镇,余继峰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地晚古生代含煤地层层序地层与海侵成煤特点[J].沉积学报,2006,24(6):834-840.
[12]李勇,汤达祯,许浩,等.河东煤田北部典砂岩体沉积演化特征[J].天然气工业,2013,33(2):22-27.
[13]汪正江,陈洪德,张锦泉.鄂尔多斯盆地晚古生代沉积体系演化与煤成气藏[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2002,22(2):18-23.
[14]SONG Yan,ZHAO Meng-jun,HONG Feng,et al.Pool-forming stages and enrichment models of medium-to high-rank coalbed methane.ACTA Geologica Sinica,2010,84(6):1539-1546.
[15]宋岩,柳少波,洪峰,等.中国煤层气地球化学特征及成因[J].石油学报,2012,33(S1):99-106.
[16]汤达祯,杨起,潘治贵.河东煤田地史-热史模拟与煤变质演化[J].现代地质,1992,6(3):328-337.
[17]杨起.华北石炭二叠纪煤变质特征及地质因素探讨[M].北京:地质出版社,1988:1-106.
[18]田文广,汤达祯,王志丽,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东北缘保德地区煤层气成因[J].高校地质学报,2012,18(3):479-484.
[19]廖昌珍,张岳桥,温长顺,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘边界带构造样式及其区域构造意义[J].地质学报,2007,81(4):466-474.
[20]张泓.鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化与成煤作用[M].北京:地质出版社,2005:1-68.
[21]马行陟,宋岩,柳少波,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘韩城地区煤层气地球化学特征及其成因[J].天然气工业,2012,31(4):17-20.
[22]赵庆波,孙粉锦,李五忠.煤层气勘探开发地质理论与实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011:1-337.
[23]曹代勇,姚征,李靖.煤系非常规天然气评价研究现状与发展趋势[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(1):89-92.
[24]金裕科.影响煤层含气量若干因素初探[J].天然气工业,1995,15(5):1-5.