螺栓与孔间隙对紧螺栓连接板孔周应力的影响
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摘要
为研究螺栓与孔间隙对单搭接单螺栓连接板孔周应力水平的影响规律,基于弹性力学方法建立螺栓连接板孔周应力分析模型,讨论影响孔周应力水平的各种因素;以单搭接单螺栓连接板为对象,建立螺栓连接板的参数化有限元模型;通过算例分析螺栓与孔间隙变化对紧螺栓连接孔周应力水平的影响。结果表明:当圆孔直径与螺栓直径之比值在1～1.3之间时,孔周应力平均水平沿圆孔深度方向逐渐降低;但是螺栓与孔间隙对板上表面和下表面的孔周应力作用规律不同,在板上表面或孔中间位置,孔周应力随孔隙增大而减小,在板下表面位置,孔周应力分布呈开口向上的抛物线;当圆孔直径与螺栓直径之比值在1.1～1.2之间时,孔周应力不受孔隙大小影响。
An analysis model of the stress around hole of bolted joint plate was set up by the elastic mechanics method to study the effects of bolt-hole clearance on the stress around hole of single-lapped and single bolted joint plate,and the factors affecting the stresses around plate hole were discussed.The parametric finite element model of a single-lapped and single bolted joint plate was built,and the effects of bolt-hole clearance on the stress around hole of jointed plate were studied by case study.Results show that the average level of stress around hole of bolted joint plate is decreased gradually along the depth direction of the bolt hole when the ratio of bolt hole diameter and bolt diameter is designed as 1 to 1.3.However,the effect law of bolt-hole clearance on the stress around plate hole on the surface and the lower surface of the plate is different.On the surface of the plate or in the middle of hole,the stress around plate hole is decreased with the increasing of clearance between bolt and hole,while on the lower surface of the plate,the distribution of stress around plate hole is an upward parabolic shape.The stress around plate hole is not affected by bolt-hole clearance when the ratio of bolt hole diameter and bolt diameter is from 1 to 1.1.
An analysis model of the stress around hole of bolted joint plate was set up by the elastic mechanics method to study the effects of bolt-hole clearance on the stress around hole of single-lapped and single bolted joint plate,and the factors affecting the stresses around plate hole were discussed.The parametric finite element model of a single-lapped and single bolted joint plate was built,and the effects of bolt-hole clearance on the stress around hole of jointed plate were studied by case study.Results show that the average level of stress around hole of bolted joint plate is decreased gradually along the depth direction of the bolt hole when the ratio of bolt hole diameter and bolt diameter is designed as 1 to 1.3.However,the effect law of bolt-hole clearance on the stress around plate hole on the surface and the lower surface of the plate is different.On the surface of the plate or in the middle of hole,the stress around plate hole is decreased with the increasing of clearance between bolt and hole,while on the lower surface of the plate,the distribution of stress around plate hole is an upward parabolic shape.The stress around plate hole is not affected by bolt-hole clearance when the ratio of bolt hole diameter and bolt diameter is from 1 to 1.1.
引文
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[10]严贤怀,何景武,王斌杰.某轨道车辆阀座螺栓孔强度分析与试验[J].装备制造技术,2015(1):146-149.YAN X H,HE J W,WANG B J.Strength analysis and experiment of the bolt hole in the valve base of railway vehicles[J].Equipment Manufacturing Technology,2015(1):146-149.
[11]曹勇,冯蕴雯,姚雄华.螺栓夹持填充孔复合材料层压板层间应力分析[J].复合材料学报,2015,32(2):542-548.CAO Y,FENG Y W,YAO X H.Interlaminar stress analysis of filled-hole composite laminate with bolt clamping[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2015,32(2):542-548.
[12]李成,朱红红,铁瑛,等.单搭胶/螺栓混合连接结构的应力分布与载荷分配[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2013,43(4):933-938.LI C,ZHU H H,TIE Y,et al.Stress distribution and load sharing in single-lap bonded/bolted joints[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2013,43(4):933-938.
[13]张永杰,孙秦.层合板预紧螺栓搭接孔边应力分析[J].应用力学学报,2009,26(2):389-392.ZHANG Y J,SUN Q.Hole-edge stress analysis of composite laminate lapped with preloaded bolt[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2009,26(2):389-392.
[14]徐忠根,李志钢,李磊强,等.不同螺栓距离的连接板静力性能对比分析[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2016,33(5):44-49.XU Z G,LI Z G,LI L Q,et al.Comparative analysis of static performance of connecting plates with different bolt distances[J].Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering,2016,33(5):44-49.
[2]WANG W C,SHEU Y M.Stress analysis of bolted joints in CFRP laminates by half-fringe birefringent-coating technique[J].Composite Structures,1996,34(1):91-100.
[3]IMURA M.Stress analysis of bolted joints under centrifugal force[C]//Proceedings of International Conference on Experimental Mechanics 2013 and the Twelfth Asian Conference on Experimental Mechanics.Bangkok:SPIE,2014:923-409.
[4]IMURA M,KOYAMA T,OGAWA K,et al.302 stress analysis of bolted joints under eccentric force[C]//関西支部講演会講演論文集,2015:63-64.
[5]ZHU K,QIAN Y,EDWARD J R,et al.Finite element analysis of rail-end bolt hole and fillet stress on bolted rail joints[J].Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2017,2607:33-42.
[6]顾秉栋,何爱玲,马生元,等.含螺栓或钉载并排孔搭接件孔边应力集中分析[J].青海大学学报,2017,35(3):65-70.GU B D,HE A L,MA S Y,et al.Analysis of stress concentration of hole edge with bolts or pin-loaded holes arranged in parallel on lapped connecting plates[J].Journal of Qinghai University,2017,35(3):65-70.
[7]徐建新,陈文俊,李顶河,等.双剪多排螺栓连接螺栓孔接触域应力分布研究[J].中国民航大学学报,2011,29(5):8-11.XU J X,CHEN W J,LI D H,et al.Stress distribution around bolt-hole contact areas in multiple bolt-jointed plates[J].Journal of Civil Aviation University of China,2011,29(5):8-11.
[8]姜云鹏,岳珠峰.单剪螺栓连接复合材料叠层板螺栓孔周边应力场分布[J].机械强度,2006,28(2):271-275.JIANG Y P,YUE Z F.Stress distribution around bolt-hole in the bolt-load laminates[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2006,28(2):271-275.
[9]KEIKHOSRAVY M,OSKOUEI R H,SOLTANI P.Effect of geometric parameters on the stress distribution in Al 2024-T3 single-lap bolted joints[J].International Journal of Structural Integrity,2012,3(1):79-93.
[10]严贤怀,何景武,王斌杰.某轨道车辆阀座螺栓孔强度分析与试验[J].装备制造技术,2015(1):146-149.YAN X H,HE J W,WANG B J.Strength analysis and experiment of the bolt hole in the valve base of railway vehicles[J].Equipment Manufacturing Technology,2015(1):146-149.
[11]曹勇,冯蕴雯,姚雄华.螺栓夹持填充孔复合材料层压板层间应力分析[J].复合材料学报,2015,32(2):542-548.CAO Y,FENG Y W,YAO X H.Interlaminar stress analysis of filled-hole composite laminate with bolt clamping[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2015,32(2):542-548.
[12]李成,朱红红,铁瑛,等.单搭胶/螺栓混合连接结构的应力分布与载荷分配[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2013,43(4):933-938.LI C,ZHU H H,TIE Y,et al.Stress distribution and load sharing in single-lap bonded/bolted joints[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2013,43(4):933-938.
[13]张永杰,孙秦.层合板预紧螺栓搭接孔边应力分析[J].应用力学学报,2009,26(2):389-392.ZHANG Y J,SUN Q.Hole-edge stress analysis of composite laminate lapped with preloaded bolt[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2009,26(2):389-392.
[14]徐忠根,李志钢,李磊强,等.不同螺栓距离的连接板静力性能对比分析[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2016,33(5):44-49.XU Z G,LI Z G,LI L Q,et al.Comparative analysis of static performance of connecting plates with different bolt distances[J].Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering,2016,33(5):44-49.