~(60)Co-γ辐射对谷稗(Echinochloa crusgalli)幼苗不同营养器官离子含量的影响
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摘要
以辐射谷稗种子为试验材料,进行幼苗培养,探究不同剂量~(60)Co-γ辐射对谷稗幼苗各营养器官K~+、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)和Na~+含量、比值及转移能力的影响。结果表明,除根Mg~(2+)含量外,谷稗幼苗不同营养器官中K~+、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)和Na~+含量均随辐射剂量的增加呈先增后降的趋势,茎叶4种离子含量在辐射剂量为100 Gy时达最大值,低辐射剂量能够促进茎叶对4种离子的吸收,不同辐射剂量对谷稗幼苗4种离子在根和茎叶中分布不同,导致根和茎叶K~+/Na~+、Mg~(2+)/Na~+和Ca~(2+)/Na~+比值产生不同的变化。从各离子转移系数上看,辐射组4种离子转移系数在辐射剂量为100 Gy时达到最大值,低辐射剂量促进了4种离子向功能叶片的转移,高辐射剂量下,由于Na~+的积累限制了其余3种离子向地上部的转移。
Seedlings of Echinochloa crusgalli were cultured as experimental material to study the effects of different doses of~(60)Co-γ radiation on the contents, ratios and transfer ability of K~+, Ca~(2+), Mg~(2+) and Na~+ in the vegetative organs of Echinochloa crusgalli seedlings. The results showed that K~+, Ca~(2+), Mg~(2+)and Na~+contents in different vegetative organs of Echinochloa crusgalli seedlings increased first and then decreased with the increase of radiation dose except Mg~(2+)content in roots. The contents of four ions in stems and leaves reached maximum when the radiation dose was 100 Gy. Low radiation dose could promote the absorption of four ions in stems and leaves. Different radiation doses on the distribution of four ions in root, stem and leaf of Echinochloa crusgalli seedlings was different, which resulted in different K~+/Na~+, Mg~(2+)/Na~+and Ca~(2+)/Na~+ratios in root, stem and leaf. From the point of view of ion transfer coefficients, the four ion transfer coefficients of radiation group reached the maximum when the radiation dose was 100 Gy. Low radiation dose promoted the transfer of four ions to functional blades. Under high radiation dose, the accumulation of Na~+limited the transfer of the other three ions to the upper part of the plant.
Seedlings of Echinochloa crusgalli were cultured as experimental material to study the effects of different doses of~(60)Co-γ radiation on the contents, ratios and transfer ability of K~+, Ca~(2+), Mg~(2+) and Na~+ in the vegetative organs of Echinochloa crusgalli seedlings. The results showed that K~+, Ca~(2+), Mg~(2+)and Na~+contents in different vegetative organs of Echinochloa crusgalli seedlings increased first and then decreased with the increase of radiation dose except Mg~(2+)content in roots. The contents of four ions in stems and leaves reached maximum when the radiation dose was 100 Gy. Low radiation dose could promote the absorption of four ions in stems and leaves. Different radiation doses on the distribution of four ions in root, stem and leaf of Echinochloa crusgalli seedlings was different, which resulted in different K~+/Na~+, Mg~(2+)/Na~+and Ca~(2+)/Na~+ratios in root, stem and leaf. From the point of view of ion transfer coefficients, the four ion transfer coefficients of radiation group reached the maximum when the radiation dose was 100 Gy. Low radiation dose promoted the transfer of four ions to functional blades. Under high radiation dose, the accumulation of Na~+limited the transfer of the other three ions to the upper part of the plant.
引文
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Jia R.,Liu Z.,Luan B.Y.,and Yu H.Z.,2015,Report on comparison test of the varieties of Gongnong Echinochloa crusgalli,Heilongjiang Xumu Shouyi(Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine),(13):135-137(贾瑞,刘卓,栾博宇,于洪柱,2015,公农谷稗品种比较试验报告,黑龙江畜牧兽医,(13):135-137)
Li B.,Fang Z.J.,and Lin H.,2018,Effects of60Co-γradiation on growth and leaf physiology and cellular structure of Medicago sativa L.×Meliloides ruthenica(L.)Sojak.'Longmu 806'seedlings,Caodi Xuebao(Acta Agrestia Sinica),26(3):645-651(李波,方志坚,林浩,2018,60Co-γ辐射对‘龙牧806’苜蓿幼苗生长和叶片生理和细胞结构的影响,草地学报,26(3):645-651)
Li B.,Xu W.Y.,and Shi S.L.,2017,Effects of polyethylene glycol stress on ion content in vegetative organs of alfalfa seedlings,Zhejiang Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Zhejiang U-niversity(Agriculture and Life Sciences)),43(1):65-72(李波,徐婉玉,石善亮,2017a,聚乙二醇渗透胁迫对苜蓿幼苗营养器官离子含量的影响,浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),43(1):65-72)
Li B.,Ma H.,Zhang X.X.,Zhao R.,Chou C.F.,and Sun Y.,2017,Effects of high dose60Co-γrays radiation on seed vigor and seedling growth of Echinochloa crusgalli,Caodi Xuebao(Acta Agrestia Sinica),25(6):1340-1344(李波,马赫,张晓雪,赵瑞,丑纯凤,孙野,2017b,高剂量60Co-γ射线辐照对谷稗种子活力及早期幼苗生长的影响,草地学报,25(6):1340-1344)
Li W.,Wu C.,Li Z.H.,Yao W.,Wang C.F.,Luo F.R.,Guo X.Q.,Wen J.C.,Chen L.J.,and Li J.,2016,Mutagenic effect of60Co-γon aromatic and soft rice variety'Diantun 502',Yunnan Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University(Natural Science)),31(1):7-15(李伟,吴超,李正和,姚伟,王春芳,罗方绕,郭效琼,文建成,陈丽娟,李娟,2016,60Co-γ辐射对香软型水稻品种‘滇屯502’的诱变效应,云南农业大学学报(自然科学),31(1):7-15)
Li Y.D.,Guo J.R.,and Wang B.S.,2018,Effects of sodium salt and chloride on vegetative growth of euhalophyte Suaeda salsa,Zhiwu Shengli Xuebao(Plant Physiology Journal),54(3):421-428(李艳迪,郭建荣,王宝山,2018,钠盐和氯化物对真盐生植物盐地碱蓬营养生长的影响,植物生理学报,54(3):421-428)
Liu G.,Duan R.J.,and Guo J.C.,2009,The primary function identification of a K+-tolerance related gene from a Halophyte S.portulacastrum L.,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),28(1):22-26(刘钢,段瑞军,郭建春,2009,盐生植物海马齿中与K+离子胁迫有关的基因功能初步鉴定,基因组学与应用生物学,28(1):22-26)
Liu L.L.,Chai M.L.,Xu X.W.,and Li F.,2008,Effect of60Co-γrays radiation on growth and antioxidant enzymes activity of rhizomes in Cymbidium goeringii,Henongxue Bao(Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences),22(1):23-27(刘璐璐,柴明良,徐晓薇,李方,2008,γ射线辐照对春兰根状茎生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响,核农学报,22(1):23-27)
Liu Z.X.,Wei Q.,and Zhang H.X.,2017,Effects of salt stress on mineral element contents in different parts of Elaeagnus angustifolia seedlings,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),36(12):3501-3509(刘正祥,魏琦,张华新,2017,盐胁迫对沙枣幼苗不同部位矿质元素含量的影响,生态学杂志,36(12):3501-3509)
Liu Z.X.,Zhang H.X.,Yang S.,Yang X.Y.,and Di W.B.,2014,Effects of NaCl stress on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Elaeagnus angustifolia seedlings,Linye Kexue(Scientia Silvae Sinicae),50(1):32-40(刘正祥,张华新,杨升,杨秀艳,狄文彬,2014,NaCl胁迫对沙枣幼苗生长和光合特性的影响,林业科学,50(1):32-40)
Ma F.,2015,Study on drought resistance and disease resistance of mutagenic white clover induced by60Co-γ,Thesis for M.S.,Lanzhou University,Supervisors:Yuan Q.H.,pp.8(马菲,2015,60Co-γ诱变白三叶的抗旱和抗病研究,硕士学位论文,兰州大学,导师:袁庆华,pp.8)
Mo H.B.,Yin Y.L.,Lu Z.G.,Wei X.J.,and Xu J.H.,2011,Effects of NaCl stress on the seedling growth and K+and Na+allocation of four leguminoustree species,Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology),22(5):1155-1161(莫海波,殷云龙,芦治国,魏秀君,徐建华,2011,NaCl胁迫对4种豆科树种幼苗生长和K+、Na+含量的影响,应用生态学报,22(5):1155-1161)
Shang P.P.,Li F.X.,Zhou Y.F.,Peng Z.,Gao M.Y.,Han Z.,Xu W.J.,and Huang R.D.,2015,Effects of mixed alkaline(NaHCO3and Na2CO3)stress on osmotic regulation and ion balance of sorghum seedlings,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),34(7):1924-1929(尚培培,李丰先,周宇飞,彭峥,高铭悦,韩熠,许文娟,黄瑞冬,2015,混合碱(NaHCO3和Na2CO3)胁迫对高粱幼苗渗透调节和离子平衡的影响,生态学杂志,34(7):1924-1929)
Tang X.Q.,Li J.L.,Li H.Y.,Liu X.W.,Wu H.W.,and Zhang H.X.,2018,Effect of NaCl treatment on growth and ion homeostasis of Nitraria sibirica seedlings,Xibei Zhiwu Xuebao(Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica),38(3):517-524(唐晓倩,李金龙,李焕勇,刘晓威,武海雯,张华新,2018,NaCl处理对西伯利亚白刺幼苗生长及离子平衡的影响,西北植物学报,38(3):517-524)
Tripti S.,Ingo D.,and Janin R.,2013,The role of K+channels in uptake and redistribution of potassium in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana,Frontiers in Plant Science,4(2):224
Wang X.Y.,Qiu B.Y.,Liu Y.J.,Xu X.J.,Su W.,Zhu S.J.,and Chen J.H.,2017,Characteristics of seedling growth,physiology and inorganic ion distribution of different salt-tolerant cottons under salt stress,Zhejiang Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Zhejiang University(Agriculture and Life Sciences)),43(3):273-280(王汐妍,裘波音,刘玉姣,徐晓建,苏文,祝水金,陈进红,2017,盐胁迫对不同耐盐性棉花幼苗生长与生理及无机离子器官分布的影响,浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),43(3):273-280)
Xue Y.W.,Wang Y.F.,Yang K.J.,and Yu L.H.,2016,Effects of exogenous nitric oxide on growth and osmoregulatory capability of maize(Zea mays L.)seedlings under salt stress,Ganhan Diqu Nongye Yanjiu(Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas),34(2):171-176,200(薛盈文,王玉凤,杨克军,于立河,2016,外源NO对NaCl胁迫下玉米幼苗生长和渗透调节能力的影响,干旱地区农业研究,34(2):171-176,200)
Yang Z.M.,and Zhang L.,2011,Radiation mutation breeding in agriculture technology application and analysis,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),30(1):87-91(杨兆民,张璐,2011,辐射诱变技术在农业育种中的应用与探析,基因组学与应用生物学,30(1):87-91)
Yao Y.A.,Yang A.H.,and Xu G.,2008,Effect of seed pre-treatment by low-dose gamma-ray radiation on reduction of Ultraviolet-B caused injury in Ryegrass seedlings,Zhongzi(Seed),27(12):25-29(姚银安,杨爱华,徐刚,2008,低剂量60Co-γ辐射种子预处理对黑麦草紫外线B辐射伤害的保护作用,种子,27(12):25-29)
Zhang G.L.,2013,Effects of iso-osmotic salt and water stresses on growth a nd ionic absorption and distribution in Nitraria sibirica seedlings,Ganhan Diqu Nongye Yanjiu(Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas),31(4):114-118(张桂玲,2013,等渗透势盐分和水分胁迫对白刺幼苗生长及离子吸收分配的影响,干旱地区农业研究,31(4):114-118)
Zhang H.N.,Liu Z.H.,Li G.L.,Zhang H.M.,Zhang Y.M.,Duan S.N.,and Guo X.L.,2017,Effect of TEA/NEM/Ba(NO3)2on K+and Na+content in leaves of wheat seedings under salt stress,Mailei Zuowu Xuebao(Journal Triticeae Crops),37(11):1428-1433(张华宁,刘子会,李国良,张红梅,张艳敏,段硕楠,郭秀林,2017,盐胁迫下钾吸收途径的抑制对小麦叶片K+、Na+含量的影响,麦类作物学报,37(11):1428-1433)
Zheng X.L.,Ye H.L.,Wang J.H.,Weng B.Q.,and Xu G.Z.,2012,Breeding of Chamaecrista rotundifolia CV.Minyu No.1 by60Co-γ-rays irradiation,Henongxue Bao(Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences),26(9):1225-1229(郑向丽,叶花兰,王俊宏,翁伯琦,徐国忠,2012,60Co-γ射线诱变选育决明新品种-闽育1号圆叶决明,核农学报,26(9):1225-1229)
Han J.,2011,Screening and SSR analysis of drought resistant mutants of wheat radiated by60Co-γ,Thesis for M.S.,Anhui Agriculture University,Supervisors:Wang M.,and Zhang C.Y.,pp.1-2(韩杰,2011,60Co-γ辐射诱变小麦抗旱突变体筛选及分子标记检测,硕士学位论文,安徽农业大学,导师:王敏,张从宇,pp.1-2)
Jia R.,Liu Z.,Luan B.Y.,and Yu H.Z.,2015,Report on comparison test of the varieties of Gongnong Echinochloa crusgalli,Heilongjiang Xumu Shouyi(Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine),(13):135-137(贾瑞,刘卓,栾博宇,于洪柱,2015,公农谷稗品种比较试验报告,黑龙江畜牧兽医,(13):135-137)
Li B.,Fang Z.J.,and Lin H.,2018,Effects of60Co-γradiation on growth and leaf physiology and cellular structure of Medicago sativa L.×Meliloides ruthenica(L.)Sojak.'Longmu 806'seedlings,Caodi Xuebao(Acta Agrestia Sinica),26(3):645-651(李波,方志坚,林浩,2018,60Co-γ辐射对‘龙牧806’苜蓿幼苗生长和叶片生理和细胞结构的影响,草地学报,26(3):645-651)
Li B.,Xu W.Y.,and Shi S.L.,2017,Effects of polyethylene glycol stress on ion content in vegetative organs of alfalfa seedlings,Zhejiang Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Zhejiang U-niversity(Agriculture and Life Sciences)),43(1):65-72(李波,徐婉玉,石善亮,2017a,聚乙二醇渗透胁迫对苜蓿幼苗营养器官离子含量的影响,浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),43(1):65-72)
Li B.,Ma H.,Zhang X.X.,Zhao R.,Chou C.F.,and Sun Y.,2017,Effects of high dose60Co-γrays radiation on seed vigor and seedling growth of Echinochloa crusgalli,Caodi Xuebao(Acta Agrestia Sinica),25(6):1340-1344(李波,马赫,张晓雪,赵瑞,丑纯凤,孙野,2017b,高剂量60Co-γ射线辐照对谷稗种子活力及早期幼苗生长的影响,草地学报,25(6):1340-1344)
Li W.,Wu C.,Li Z.H.,Yao W.,Wang C.F.,Luo F.R.,Guo X.Q.,Wen J.C.,Chen L.J.,and Li J.,2016,Mutagenic effect of60Co-γon aromatic and soft rice variety'Diantun 502',Yunnan Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University(Natural Science)),31(1):7-15(李伟,吴超,李正和,姚伟,王春芳,罗方绕,郭效琼,文建成,陈丽娟,李娟,2016,60Co-γ辐射对香软型水稻品种‘滇屯502’的诱变效应,云南农业大学学报(自然科学),31(1):7-15)
Li Y.D.,Guo J.R.,and Wang B.S.,2018,Effects of sodium salt and chloride on vegetative growth of euhalophyte Suaeda salsa,Zhiwu Shengli Xuebao(Plant Physiology Journal),54(3):421-428(李艳迪,郭建荣,王宝山,2018,钠盐和氯化物对真盐生植物盐地碱蓬营养生长的影响,植物生理学报,54(3):421-428)
Liu G.,Duan R.J.,and Guo J.C.,2009,The primary function identification of a K+-tolerance related gene from a Halophyte S.portulacastrum L.,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),28(1):22-26(刘钢,段瑞军,郭建春,2009,盐生植物海马齿中与K+离子胁迫有关的基因功能初步鉴定,基因组学与应用生物学,28(1):22-26)
Liu L.L.,Chai M.L.,Xu X.W.,and Li F.,2008,Effect of60Co-γrays radiation on growth and antioxidant enzymes activity of rhizomes in Cymbidium goeringii,Henongxue Bao(Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences),22(1):23-27(刘璐璐,柴明良,徐晓薇,李方,2008,γ射线辐照对春兰根状茎生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响,核农学报,22(1):23-27)
Liu Z.X.,Wei Q.,and Zhang H.X.,2017,Effects of salt stress on mineral element contents in different parts of Elaeagnus angustifolia seedlings,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),36(12):3501-3509(刘正祥,魏琦,张华新,2017,盐胁迫对沙枣幼苗不同部位矿质元素含量的影响,生态学杂志,36(12):3501-3509)
Liu Z.X.,Zhang H.X.,Yang S.,Yang X.Y.,and Di W.B.,2014,Effects of NaCl stress on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Elaeagnus angustifolia seedlings,Linye Kexue(Scientia Silvae Sinicae),50(1):32-40(刘正祥,张华新,杨升,杨秀艳,狄文彬,2014,NaCl胁迫对沙枣幼苗生长和光合特性的影响,林业科学,50(1):32-40)
Ma F.,2015,Study on drought resistance and disease resistance of mutagenic white clover induced by60Co-γ,Thesis for M.S.,Lanzhou University,Supervisors:Yuan Q.H.,pp.8(马菲,2015,60Co-γ诱变白三叶的抗旱和抗病研究,硕士学位论文,兰州大学,导师:袁庆华,pp.8)
Mo H.B.,Yin Y.L.,Lu Z.G.,Wei X.J.,and Xu J.H.,2011,Effects of NaCl stress on the seedling growth and K+and Na+allocation of four leguminoustree species,Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology),22(5):1155-1161(莫海波,殷云龙,芦治国,魏秀君,徐建华,2011,NaCl胁迫对4种豆科树种幼苗生长和K+、Na+含量的影响,应用生态学报,22(5):1155-1161)
Shang P.P.,Li F.X.,Zhou Y.F.,Peng Z.,Gao M.Y.,Han Z.,Xu W.J.,and Huang R.D.,2015,Effects of mixed alkaline(NaHCO3and Na2CO3)stress on osmotic regulation and ion balance of sorghum seedlings,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),34(7):1924-1929(尚培培,李丰先,周宇飞,彭峥,高铭悦,韩熠,许文娟,黄瑞冬,2015,混合碱(NaHCO3和Na2CO3)胁迫对高粱幼苗渗透调节和离子平衡的影响,生态学杂志,34(7):1924-1929)
Tang X.Q.,Li J.L.,Li H.Y.,Liu X.W.,Wu H.W.,and Zhang H.X.,2018,Effect of NaCl treatment on growth and ion homeostasis of Nitraria sibirica seedlings,Xibei Zhiwu Xuebao(Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica),38(3):517-524(唐晓倩,李金龙,李焕勇,刘晓威,武海雯,张华新,2018,NaCl处理对西伯利亚白刺幼苗生长及离子平衡的影响,西北植物学报,38(3):517-524)
Tripti S.,Ingo D.,and Janin R.,2013,The role of K+channels in uptake and redistribution of potassium in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana,Frontiers in Plant Science,4(2):224
Wang X.Y.,Qiu B.Y.,Liu Y.J.,Xu X.J.,Su W.,Zhu S.J.,and Chen J.H.,2017,Characteristics of seedling growth,physiology and inorganic ion distribution of different salt-tolerant cottons under salt stress,Zhejiang Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Zhejiang University(Agriculture and Life Sciences)),43(3):273-280(王汐妍,裘波音,刘玉姣,徐晓建,苏文,祝水金,陈进红,2017,盐胁迫对不同耐盐性棉花幼苗生长与生理及无机离子器官分布的影响,浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),43(3):273-280)
Xue Y.W.,Wang Y.F.,Yang K.J.,and Yu L.H.,2016,Effects of exogenous nitric oxide on growth and osmoregulatory capability of maize(Zea mays L.)seedlings under salt stress,Ganhan Diqu Nongye Yanjiu(Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas),34(2):171-176,200(薛盈文,王玉凤,杨克军,于立河,2016,外源NO对NaCl胁迫下玉米幼苗生长和渗透调节能力的影响,干旱地区农业研究,34(2):171-176,200)
Yang Z.M.,and Zhang L.,2011,Radiation mutation breeding in agriculture technology application and analysis,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),30(1):87-91(杨兆民,张璐,2011,辐射诱变技术在农业育种中的应用与探析,基因组学与应用生物学,30(1):87-91)
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