3种杀菌剂及其复配剂对斑马鱼的急性毒性
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摘要
采用"半静态法"测定了3种农药及其复配剂对斑马鱼的24 h、48 h、72 h和96 h急性毒性,根据我国《化学农药环境安全评价实验准则》中毒性等级划分标准来划分它们对斑马鱼的毒性等级,发现35%精甲霜灵悬浮种衣剂的24 h、48 h、72 h和96 h-LC_(50)均超过10 a.i.mg·L~(-1),属"低毒"级,而25 g·L~(-1)咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂的24 h、48 h、72 h和96 h-LC_(50)分别为0.704 mg·L~(-1)、0.514 mg·L~(-1)、0.424 mg·L~(-1)、0.262 mg·L~(-1),根据0.100 a.i.mg·L~(-1) Semi-static method was applied to determine the 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h-LC_(50) values of three pesticides and their compounds to Brachydanio rerio. And according to experimental criteria for environmental safety evaluation of chemical pesticides in our country, the 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h-LC_(50) values of 35% mefenoxam seed coating agent are all above 10 a.i.mg·L~(-1)so it is of low toxicity. 25 g·L~(-1)fludioxonil seed coating agent is highly toxic because its 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h-LC_(50) values are 0.704 mg·L~(-1), 0.514 mg·L~(-1), 0.424 mg·L~(-1), 0.262 mg·L~(-1)according to the standard of 0.100 a.i.mg·L~(-1)
引文
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[9]刘煜财,王义山,郭冬梅,等.11%精甲霜灵·咯菌腈·嘧菌酯悬浮种衣剂防治玉米丝黑穗病试验[J].吉林农业科学,2014(3):56-58Liu Y C,Wang Y S,Guo D M,et al.Experiment of controlling head smut of corn with 11%metalaxyl-M fludioxonil azoxystrobin FS[J].Journal of Jilin Agricultural Sciences,2014(3):56-58(in Chinese)
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[14]ISO.Water quality—Determination of the acute lethal toxicity of substances to a freshwater fish[Brachydanio rerio Hamilton-Buchanan(Teleostei,Cyprinidae)][S].Geneva:ISO,1996
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[16]顾中言,林郁.复配农药的作用及复配原则[J].江苏农业科学,1987(11):10Gu Z Y,Lin Y.Effect and principles of complex pesticide[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,1987(11):10(in Chinese)◆
[2]于永利,董武.斑马鱼在农药安全评价中的应用[J].食品工程,2013(1):8-10Yu Y L,Dong W.Application of zebrafish in pesticides safety evalution[J].Journal of Food Engineering,2013(1):8-10(in Chinese)
[3]王文桥,王丽,韩秀英,等.北方五省(区)马铃薯晚疫病菌对甲霜灵和精甲霜灵的敏感性检测[J].植物保护,2012,38(3):116-121Wang W Q,Wang L,Han X Y,et al.Detection of sensitivity of Phytophthora infestans to metalaxys and metalaxys-M in five provinces in northern China[J].Journal of Plant Protection,2012,38(3):116-121(in Chinese)
[4]陈莉,贾春虹,朱晓丹,等.精甲霜灵在西瓜和土壤中的残留动态[J].农药,2010(4):282-283Chen L,Jia C H,Zhu X D,et al.Residual dynamic analysis of metalaxyl-M in watermelon and soil[J].Agrochemicals,2010(4):282-283(in Chinese)
[5]陈治芳,王文桥,韩秀英,等.新杀菌剂对番茄灰霉病菌的室内毒力及田间防效[J].植物保护,2011,37(5):193-195Chen Z F,Wang W Q,Han X Y,et al.Fungicidal activity of new fungicides against Botrytis cinerea and their field efficacy against tomato grey mould[J].Plant Protection,2011,37(5):193-195(in Chinese)
[6]刘颖超,张金林,庞民好,等.咯菌腈对草莓灰霉病Botrytis cinerea的毒力及防效研究初报[J].农药学学报,2002,4(3):94-96
[7]乔康,姬小雪,邱士芬.50%嘧菌酯水分散粒剂防治黄瓜白粉病田间药效试验[J].农药研究与应用,2010(6):28-29Qiao K,Ji X X,Qiu S F.Field control efficacy of kresoxim-methyl 50%WG against cucumber powdery mildew[J].Agrochemicals Research&Application,2010(6):28-29(in Chinese)
[8]余山红,王会福.2.5%咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂防治西兰花根腐病药效研究[J].农业灾害研究,2014,4(2):12-13Yu S H,Wang H F.Study on effect of fludioxonil 25 g/ml FS against broccoli root rot[J].Journal of Agricultural Catastrophology,2014,4(2):12-13(in Chinese)
[9]刘煜财,王义山,郭冬梅,等.11%精甲霜灵·咯菌腈·嘧菌酯悬浮种衣剂防治玉米丝黑穗病试验[J].吉林农业科学,2014(3):56-58Liu Y C,Wang Y S,Guo D M,et al.Experiment of controlling head smut of corn with 11%metalaxyl-M fludioxonil azoxystrobin FS[J].Journal of Jilin Agricultural Sciences,2014(3):56-58(in Chinese)
[10]蔡道基,杨佩芝,龚瑞忠.化学农药环境安全评价试验准则[S].北京:中国国家标准化管理委员会,1989
[11]中华人民共和国农业部.NY/T 1906-2010.农药环境评价良好实验室规范[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2010
[12]国家环境保护总局.GB/T 13267-91.水质-物质对淡水鱼(斑马鱼)急性毒性测定方法[S].北京:国家环境保护总局,1991
[13]中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 27861-2011化学品鱼类急性毒性试验[S].北京:中国国家标准化管理委员会,2011
[14]ISO.Water quality—Determination of the acute lethal toxicity of substances to a freshwater fish[Brachydanio rerio Hamilton-Buchanan(Teleostei,Cyprinidae)][S].Geneva:ISO,1996
[15]OECD.Guidelines 203:Fish,acute toxicity test[S].Paris:OECD,1992
[16]顾中言,林郁.复配农药的作用及复配原则[J].江苏农业科学,1987(11):10Gu Z Y,Lin Y.Effect and principles of complex pesticide[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,1987(11):10(in Chinese)◆