菠萝蜜锈病分级标准及田间病害调查
|
摘要
海南省是菠萝蜜的重要产区之一。自2016年起对海南省11个菠萝蜜规模化种植地区的果园进行了菠萝蜜锈病普查,对发病较严重的5个市县进行了连续两年的固定点监测。结果表明:万宁、定安、澄迈、琼海等地的菠萝蜜锈病发病率极显著高于其他地区;除琼海外,其它市县菠萝蜜果锈病发病率4～6月的均高于9～11月;发病率最高的是2017年五指山,达20.00%,最低的是2018年澄迈,为9.33%;病情指数方面五个监测点2017年均大于2018年。单苞和单果锈病严重度均为5级。综上,4～6月是菠萝蜜锈病发病的高峰期;综合两年比较,各地区的平均发病率与平均病情指数均有所下降,病果数量也在下降。通过提出锈病分级标准,为明确锈病害发生规律,提高防治水平提供参考依据。
Hainan Province is one of the important producing areas of jackfruit. A survey of jackfruit rust has been carried out in orchards of 11 large-scale pineapple growing areas in Hainan Province since 2016. Fixed-point surveillance has been carried out in 5 cities and counties with serious diseases for two consecutive years. The results show that the incidence of jackfruit rust in Wanning, Dingan, Chengmai and Qionghai was significantly higher than that in other areas; Except Qionghai, the incidence of jakcfruit rust in April-June in other cities and counties was higher than that in September-November. The highest incidence was 20.00% in Wuzhishan, 2017 and the lowest was 9.33% in Chenmai, 2018. The average disease index in 2017 was higher than that in 2018. The severity of single fruit bract rust was classified into 5 grades, and that of jackfruit rust was classified into 5 grades.In summary, April-June is the peak period of jackfruit rust. Comparing the two years, the average incidence and disease index of each region have decreased, and the number of fruit has also declined. By putting forward the classification standard of rust, it can provide reference for defining the occurrence rule of rust and improving the control level.
Hainan Province is one of the important producing areas of jackfruit. A survey of jackfruit rust has been carried out in orchards of 11 large-scale pineapple growing areas in Hainan Province since 2016. Fixed-point surveillance has been carried out in 5 cities and counties with serious diseases for two consecutive years. The results show that the incidence of jackfruit rust in Wanning, Dingan, Chengmai and Qionghai was significantly higher than that in other areas; Except Qionghai, the incidence of jakcfruit rust in April-June in other cities and counties was higher than that in September-November. The highest incidence was 20.00% in Wuzhishan, 2017 and the lowest was 9.33% in Chenmai, 2018. The average disease index in 2017 was higher than that in 2018. The severity of single fruit bract rust was classified into 5 grades, and that of jackfruit rust was classified into 5 grades.In summary, April-June is the peak period of jackfruit rust. Comparing the two years, the average incidence and disease index of each region have decreased, and the number of fruit has also declined. By putting forward the classification standard of rust, it can provide reference for defining the occurrence rule of rust and improving the control level.
引文
Deng J.,Lu J.,Li J.Q.,Pan J.,Zhu C.Y.,and Wu X.P.,2005,Severity scale system of pomegranate wilt disease caused by Ceratocystis fimbtiata Ellis&Halst,Zhongguo Nongye Kexue(Scientia Agricultura Sinica),38(12):2440-2445(邓吉,陆进,李健强,潘俊,朱春雨,吴新平,2005,石榴枯萎病病害分级标准研究,中国农业科学,38(12):2440-2445)
Liu M.J.,Zhao J.,and Zhou J.Y.,2006,Grading system of jujube witches'broom symptom,Hebei Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei),29(1):31-33(刘孟军,赵锦,周俊义,2006,枣疯病病情分级体系研究,河北农业大学学报,29(1):31-33)
Wang K.,Yan H.L.,He L.C.,Wei X.Y.,and Xing J.M.,2015,Research on the resistance to powdery mildew of different oriental melon germplasms,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),34(6):1319-1323(王康,闫洪朗,何林池,魏小云,邢建美,2015,不同薄皮甜瓜种质白粉病抗性研究,基因组学与生物应用,34(6):1319-1323)
Wang Z.P.,Duan W.X.,Li Y.J.,Liang Q.,Zhou Z.G.,Zhang M.Q.,and Lin S.H.,2016,Establishment of an evaluation system for field resistance against sugarcane pokkah boeng,Huanan Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of South China A-gricultural University),37(3):67-72(王泽平,段维兴,李毅杰,梁强,周主贵,张木清,林善海,2016,甘蔗梢腐病田间抗性评价体系的建立,华南农业大学学报,37(3):67-72)
Liu M.J.,Zhao J.,and Zhou J.Y.,2006,Grading system of jujube witches'broom symptom,Hebei Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei),29(1):31-33(刘孟军,赵锦,周俊义,2006,枣疯病病情分级体系研究,河北农业大学学报,29(1):31-33)
Wang K.,Yan H.L.,He L.C.,Wei X.Y.,and Xing J.M.,2015,Research on the resistance to powdery mildew of different oriental melon germplasms,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),34(6):1319-1323(王康,闫洪朗,何林池,魏小云,邢建美,2015,不同薄皮甜瓜种质白粉病抗性研究,基因组学与生物应用,34(6):1319-1323)
Wang Z.P.,Duan W.X.,Li Y.J.,Liang Q.,Zhou Z.G.,Zhang M.Q.,and Lin S.H.,2016,Establishment of an evaluation system for field resistance against sugarcane pokkah boeng,Huanan Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of South China A-gricultural University),37(3):67-72(王泽平,段维兴,李毅杰,梁强,周主贵,张木清,林善海,2016,甘蔗梢腐病田间抗性评价体系的建立,华南农业大学学报,37(3):67-72)