刚体转动惯量实验的改进
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摘要
对恒力矩法测刚体转动惯量实验中存在的问题进行了分析和改进.从实验原理出发,重新分析了实验中转动惯量测量误差较大的原因,帮助学生从原理上了解实验操作中滑轮固紧调节、细绳走线方式以及角速度控制的最优方案.采用改进后的教学方法后,学生在实验中思路清晰,主动性增强,大部分学生的实验误差都能控制在5%之内,该实验教学收到了良好的教学效果.
The measurement error problems in the experiment of measuring the rotational inertia of rigid body were analyzed and solved.Key factors in measuring the rotational inertia and reasons for the large measurement error were reanalyzed.The importance of the pulley clamping adjustment,the twine alignment and angular velocity control in the experimental operation were deeply understood.Using the improved teaching methods,students got a clear thinking of the experiment.Most students controlled the final measurement error by less than 5%,and the improved teaching method worked very well.
The measurement error problems in the experiment of measuring the rotational inertia of rigid body were analyzed and solved.Key factors in measuring the rotational inertia and reasons for the large measurement error were reanalyzed.The importance of the pulley clamping adjustment,the twine alignment and angular velocity control in the experimental operation were deeply understood.Using the improved teaching methods,students got a clear thinking of the experiment.Most students controlled the final measurement error by less than 5%,and the improved teaching method worked very well.
引文
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[9]庞学霞,邓泽超,李霞,等.恒力矩转动法测刚体转动惯量实验中细线直径的选择[J].实验室科学,2008(6):82-83.
[10]庞学霞,邓泽超,李霞,等.转动法测转动惯量实验中定滑轮的高度调节[J].物理通报,2008(10):31-33.
[11]张艳亮.刚体转动惯量测定实验中阻力矩与角速度关系的研究[J].大学物理实验,2012,25(5):51-53.
[12]李锡钧,程敏熙.基于数码设备测量转动惯量[J].物理实验,2017,37(12):17-20.
[13]李名扬,张鹏,潘浩诚,等.测量刚体转动惯量实验仪的改进[J].物理实验,2017,37(增):65-68.
[14]王锦辉,贺莉蓉,杨文明.利用恒力矩转动法验证刚体转动惯量正交轴定理[J].物理实验,2017,37(3):11-14.
[15]谢亮,张进治,安艳伟,等.转动惯量测试仪的设计[J].物理实验,2015,35(7):27-30.
[2]赵学荟,侯文,陈鸿,等.基于三线摆运动完整描述的转动惯量测量方法[J].弹箭与制导学报,2006,26(4):362-364.
[3]郭长立,李三庆.落体法测刚体转动惯量的测量方法比较[J].力学与实践,2005,27(3):69-72.
[4]邓锂强.利用刚体转动惯量实验仪验证转动定律的设计[J].物理与工程,2014,24(1):35-38.
[5]袁树青,范学东,樊林林.用转动惯量仪测刚体的转动惯量误差分析[J].电子技术,2013(5):63-65.
[6]黄晓清,刘志成,谢鹏,等.刚体转动惯量实验恒力矩测量法数据的稳定性分析[J].中国医学物理学杂志,2016,33(1):98-102.
[7]杨达晓,邓新越,杨澜,等.刚体转动惯量测定方法改进[J].大学物理实验,2017,30(2):52-57.
[8]杨达晓,张家伟,杨耀辉,等.改进恒力矩法测定刚体转动惯量[J].重庆科技学院学报:自然科学版,2017,19(6):103-107.
[9]庞学霞,邓泽超,李霞,等.恒力矩转动法测刚体转动惯量实验中细线直径的选择[J].实验室科学,2008(6):82-83.
[10]庞学霞,邓泽超,李霞,等.转动法测转动惯量实验中定滑轮的高度调节[J].物理通报,2008(10):31-33.
[11]张艳亮.刚体转动惯量测定实验中阻力矩与角速度关系的研究[J].大学物理实验,2012,25(5):51-53.
[12]李锡钧,程敏熙.基于数码设备测量转动惯量[J].物理实验,2017,37(12):17-20.
[13]李名扬,张鹏,潘浩诚,等.测量刚体转动惯量实验仪的改进[J].物理实验,2017,37(增):65-68.
[14]王锦辉,贺莉蓉,杨文明.利用恒力矩转动法验证刚体转动惯量正交轴定理[J].物理实验,2017,37(3):11-14.
[15]谢亮,张进治,安艳伟,等.转动惯量测试仪的设计[J].物理实验,2015,35(7):27-30.