春播谷子成熟期抗倒伏性研究
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摘要
试验以长谷4号、长生13和晋谷21为材料,在成熟期(乳熟期、蜡熟期和完熟期)测定7个性状指标,分析其与倒伏性的关系。结果表明,3个品种的倒伏指数均以黄熟期最大,乳熟期最小;从基部第2节间～第6节间,倒伏指数依次增加,抗倒伏性依次降低。相关性分析表明,基部第2节间倒伏指数与重心高度和单株穗鲜重呈显著正相关,与株高、单株鲜重和基部第2节间长度呈正相关,与基部第2节间直径和基部第2节间机械强度呈负相关,但都未达到显著水平。通径分析结果表明,各性状对倒伏指数的直接影响从大到小排序为:基部第2节间机械强度、单株鲜重、重心高度、株高、基部第2节间直径、基部第2节间长度和单株穗鲜重。由研究结果可见,基部第2节间机械强度和重心高度可作为评价谷子成熟期抗倒伏性的通用指标,对选育抗倒伏谷子新品种具有重要指导意义。
Changgu 4,Changsheng 13 and Jingu 21 were studied as materials in this experiment, the correlation of seven character indexes with lodging resistance at maturity stages(milk-ripe stage, waxy-ripe stage and yellow maturity stage) were analyzed. The results indicated that the lodging index of three varieties was the highest in yellow maturity stage and the lowest in milk-ripe stage. Lodging index increased gradually with increase of internodes(primary internode from two to six) whereas lodging resistance decreased stepwise. Correlation analysis showed that a significant positive correlation between lodging index of the second internode and height of the center of gravity, fresh weight of spike per plant existed. Some positive correlation existed between lodging index of the second internode and plant height, length of the second internode and fresh weight per plant, but a negative correlation existed between lodging index of the second internode basal and the diameter of the second internode basal, the mechanical strength of the second internode basal. Though they both didn't reach significant level. Path analysis showed that those relevant traits had a direct effect on lodging index of the second internode from stronger to weaker followed the trend: mechanical strength of the second internode, fresh weight per plant, height of the center of gravity, plant height, the diameter of the second internode basal, length of the second internode basal and fresh weight of spike per plant. The results indicated that mechanical strength of the second internode basal, fresh weight per plant and height of the center of gravity were important traits parameter to evaluate crop-stem lodging resistance with the growing of millet, which has the extremely vital significance for selective lodging resistance breeding of the new millet cultivar.
Changgu 4,Changsheng 13 and Jingu 21 were studied as materials in this experiment, the correlation of seven character indexes with lodging resistance at maturity stages(milk-ripe stage, waxy-ripe stage and yellow maturity stage) were analyzed. The results indicated that the lodging index of three varieties was the highest in yellow maturity stage and the lowest in milk-ripe stage. Lodging index increased gradually with increase of internodes(primary internode from two to six) whereas lodging resistance decreased stepwise. Correlation analysis showed that a significant positive correlation between lodging index of the second internode and height of the center of gravity, fresh weight of spike per plant existed. Some positive correlation existed between lodging index of the second internode and plant height, length of the second internode and fresh weight per plant, but a negative correlation existed between lodging index of the second internode basal and the diameter of the second internode basal, the mechanical strength of the second internode basal. Though they both didn't reach significant level. Path analysis showed that those relevant traits had a direct effect on lodging index of the second internode from stronger to weaker followed the trend: mechanical strength of the second internode, fresh weight per plant, height of the center of gravity, plant height, the diameter of the second internode basal, length of the second internode basal and fresh weight of spike per plant. The results indicated that mechanical strength of the second internode basal, fresh weight per plant and height of the center of gravity were important traits parameter to evaluate crop-stem lodging resistance with the growing of millet, which has the extremely vital significance for selective lodging resistance breeding of the new millet cultivar.
引文
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[2]Hitaka H. Studies on the lodging of rice plants. Jarq-JapanAgricultural Research Quarterly,1969,4(3):1-6.
[3]田伯红.禾谷类作物抗倒伏性的研究方法与谷子抗倒性评价.植物遗传资源学报,2013,14(2):265-269.
[4]Hoshikawa K,Wang S B. Studies on lodging in rice plants. I. A generalobservation on lodgedrice culms. Japanese Journal of Crop Sicience,1990,59(4):809-814.
[5]Ma D L,Xie R Z,Liu X,et al. Lodging-related stalk characteristics ofmaize varieties in China since the 1950s. Crop Science,2014,54(6):2805-2813.
[6]Berry P M,Sterling M,Spink J H,et al. Understanding and reducinglodging in cereals. Advances in Agronomy,2004,84:217-271.
[7]Worland T,Snape J W. Genetic control of plant stature//Bonjean A P,Angus W J. The world wheat book:A history of wheat breeding. Paris:Lavoisier Publishing,2001:67-71.
[8]关玉萍,沈枫.水稻抗倒伏能力与茎秆物理性状的关系及对产量的影响.吉林农业科学,2004,29(4):6-11.
[9]程富丽,杜雄,刘梦星,等.玉米倒伏及其对产量的影响.玉米科学,2011(1):105-108.
[10]王勇,李晴棋.小麦品种抗倒性评价方法的研究.华北农学报,1995,10(3):54-55.
[11]Tripathi S C,Sayre K D,Kaul J N. Planting systems on lodgingbehavior,yield components,and yield of irrigated spring breedwheat. Crop Science,2005,45(4):1-8.
[12]闵东红,王辉,孟超敏,等.不同株高小麦品种抗倒伏性与其亚性状及产量相关性研究.麦类作物学报,2001,21(4):76-79.
[13]朱新开,王祥菊,郭凯泉,等.小麦倒伏的茎秆特征及对产量与品质的影响.麦类作物学报,2006,26(1):87-92.
[14]兰彩霞,郭玉华,赵鑫闻,等.杂交粳稻及其亲本抗倒伏性的相关分析.华北农学报,2010,25(2):178-181.
[15]陈晓光,石玉华,王成雨,等.氮肥和多效唑对小麦茎秆木质素合成的影响及其与抗倒伏性的关系.中国农业科学,2011(17):3529-3536.
[16]Ookawa T,Todokoro Y,Ishihara K. Changes in physical andchemical characteristics of culm associated with lodging resistancein paddy rice(Oryza sativa)under different growth conditionsand varietal difference of their changes. Japanese Journal of CropScience,1993,62:525-533.
[17]姚金保,张平平,任丽娟,等.小麦抗倒指数遗传及其与茎秆特性的相关分析.作物学报,2011,37(3):452-458.
[18]贾小平,董普辉,张红晓,等.不同谷子品种(系)生长发育特性及抗倒性分析.河南农业科学,2015,44(8):27-31.
[19]刘艳丽,田伯红,张立新,等.谷子育成品种的抗倒性评价.河北农业科学,2014,18(4):8-12.
[20]袁立新.谷子株型对茎秆倒伏影响的研究.吉林农业科学,1998(4):36-37,53.
[21]代小冬,杨育峰,陈煜,等.施肥对谷子农艺性状、产量及抗倒伏能力的影响.河南农业科学,2014,43(10):47-52.
[22]王宇先,李清泉,赵蕾,等.谷子矮化处理对倒伏性状及产量的影响.黑龙江农业科学,2016(11):23-25.
[23]高杨,王杰,石丽娟,等.叶面喷施烯效唑对谷子抗倒伏性状及光合色素含量的影响.山西农业科学,2017,45(8):1232-1236.
[24]贾小平,董普辉,张红晓,等.谷子抗倒伏性和株高、穗部性状的相关性研究.植物遗传资源学报,2015,16(6):1188-1193.
[25]Zuber U,Winzeler H,Messmer M M,et al. Morphological traintsassociated with lodging resistance of spring wheat(Triticum aestivumL.). Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science,1999,182(1):17-24.
[26]IslamMS,PengS,VisperasRM,etal.Lodging-relatedmorphological traits of hybrid rice in a tropical irrigated ecosystem.Field Crops Research,2007,101(2):240-248.
[27]Yang J C,Zhang J H. Grain filling of cereals under soil drying. NewPhytologist,2006,169(2):223-236.
[28]Tian B H,Wang J G,Zhang L X,et al. Assessment of resistanceto lodging of landrace and improved cultivars in foxtail millet.Euphytica,2010,172:295-302.
[29]王勇,李斯深,李安飞,等.小麦种质抗倒性评价和抗倒性状的相关与通径分析.西北植物学报,2000,20(1):79-85.
[2]Hitaka H. Studies on the lodging of rice plants. Jarq-JapanAgricultural Research Quarterly,1969,4(3):1-6.
[3]田伯红.禾谷类作物抗倒伏性的研究方法与谷子抗倒性评价.植物遗传资源学报,2013,14(2):265-269.
[4]Hoshikawa K,Wang S B. Studies on lodging in rice plants. I. A generalobservation on lodgedrice culms. Japanese Journal of Crop Sicience,1990,59(4):809-814.
[5]Ma D L,Xie R Z,Liu X,et al. Lodging-related stalk characteristics ofmaize varieties in China since the 1950s. Crop Science,2014,54(6):2805-2813.
[6]Berry P M,Sterling M,Spink J H,et al. Understanding and reducinglodging in cereals. Advances in Agronomy,2004,84:217-271.
[7]Worland T,Snape J W. Genetic control of plant stature//Bonjean A P,Angus W J. The world wheat book:A history of wheat breeding. Paris:Lavoisier Publishing,2001:67-71.
[8]关玉萍,沈枫.水稻抗倒伏能力与茎秆物理性状的关系及对产量的影响.吉林农业科学,2004,29(4):6-11.
[9]程富丽,杜雄,刘梦星,等.玉米倒伏及其对产量的影响.玉米科学,2011(1):105-108.
[10]王勇,李晴棋.小麦品种抗倒性评价方法的研究.华北农学报,1995,10(3):54-55.
[11]Tripathi S C,Sayre K D,Kaul J N. Planting systems on lodgingbehavior,yield components,and yield of irrigated spring breedwheat. Crop Science,2005,45(4):1-8.
[12]闵东红,王辉,孟超敏,等.不同株高小麦品种抗倒伏性与其亚性状及产量相关性研究.麦类作物学报,2001,21(4):76-79.
[13]朱新开,王祥菊,郭凯泉,等.小麦倒伏的茎秆特征及对产量与品质的影响.麦类作物学报,2006,26(1):87-92.
[14]兰彩霞,郭玉华,赵鑫闻,等.杂交粳稻及其亲本抗倒伏性的相关分析.华北农学报,2010,25(2):178-181.
[15]陈晓光,石玉华,王成雨,等.氮肥和多效唑对小麦茎秆木质素合成的影响及其与抗倒伏性的关系.中国农业科学,2011(17):3529-3536.
[16]Ookawa T,Todokoro Y,Ishihara K. Changes in physical andchemical characteristics of culm associated with lodging resistancein paddy rice(Oryza sativa)under different growth conditionsand varietal difference of their changes. Japanese Journal of CropScience,1993,62:525-533.
[17]姚金保,张平平,任丽娟,等.小麦抗倒指数遗传及其与茎秆特性的相关分析.作物学报,2011,37(3):452-458.
[18]贾小平,董普辉,张红晓,等.不同谷子品种(系)生长发育特性及抗倒性分析.河南农业科学,2015,44(8):27-31.
[19]刘艳丽,田伯红,张立新,等.谷子育成品种的抗倒性评价.河北农业科学,2014,18(4):8-12.
[20]袁立新.谷子株型对茎秆倒伏影响的研究.吉林农业科学,1998(4):36-37,53.
[21]代小冬,杨育峰,陈煜,等.施肥对谷子农艺性状、产量及抗倒伏能力的影响.河南农业科学,2014,43(10):47-52.
[22]王宇先,李清泉,赵蕾,等.谷子矮化处理对倒伏性状及产量的影响.黑龙江农业科学,2016(11):23-25.
[23]高杨,王杰,石丽娟,等.叶面喷施烯效唑对谷子抗倒伏性状及光合色素含量的影响.山西农业科学,2017,45(8):1232-1236.
[24]贾小平,董普辉,张红晓,等.谷子抗倒伏性和株高、穗部性状的相关性研究.植物遗传资源学报,2015,16(6):1188-1193.
[25]Zuber U,Winzeler H,Messmer M M,et al. Morphological traintsassociated with lodging resistance of spring wheat(Triticum aestivumL.). Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science,1999,182(1):17-24.
[26]IslamMS,PengS,VisperasRM,etal.Lodging-relatedmorphological traits of hybrid rice in a tropical irrigated ecosystem.Field Crops Research,2007,101(2):240-248.
[27]Yang J C,Zhang J H. Grain filling of cereals under soil drying. NewPhytologist,2006,169(2):223-236.
[28]Tian B H,Wang J G,Zhang L X,et al. Assessment of resistanceto lodging of landrace and improved cultivars in foxtail millet.Euphytica,2010,172:295-302.
[29]王勇,李斯深,李安飞,等.小麦种质抗倒性评价和抗倒性状的相关与通径分析.西北植物学报,2000,20(1):79-85.