基于污染损失责任分摊的流域水污染补偿额度测算——以湘江流域长株潭段为例
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摘要
生态补偿是生态文明建设的重要手段,补偿额度作为生态补偿的关键受到广泛关注。文中通过构建责任分摊比模型和补偿总额测算模型来计算上下游之间补偿额度。结果表明:2015年湘江流域长株潭段,湘潭地区污染上游占67.8%,株洲补偿给湘潭97.83万元。长沙地区污染本地占79.7%,湘潭地区补偿给长沙地区917.6万元。
Ecological compensation is a significant mean to build the ecological civilization,the amount of compensation as the key of ecological compensation has attracted great attention. Taking Chang-Zhu-Tan Section of Xiangjiang river basin as an example,we calculated the compensation amount between the upstream and downstream by constructing the model of the liability apportionment ratio and the total compensation calculation model. The results show that 67. 8% of the pollution in Xiangtan came from upper reaches,so 978,300 Yuan of compensation to Xiangtan should be from Zhuzhou. Local pollution in Changsha accounted for 79. 7%,Xiangtan area should pay 9. 1176 million Yuan of compensation to Changsha.
Ecological compensation is a significant mean to build the ecological civilization,the amount of compensation as the key of ecological compensation has attracted great attention. Taking Chang-Zhu-Tan Section of Xiangjiang river basin as an example,we calculated the compensation amount between the upstream and downstream by constructing the model of the liability apportionment ratio and the total compensation calculation model. The results show that 67. 8% of the pollution in Xiangtan came from upper reaches,so 978,300 Yuan of compensation to Xiangtan should be from Zhuzhou. Local pollution in Changsha accounted for 79. 7%,Xiangtan area should pay 9. 1176 million Yuan of compensation to Changsha.
引文
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[19]冯帅,李叙勇,邓建才.太湖流域上游河网污染物降解系数研究[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(9):3127-3136.
[20]张亚丽,申剑,史淑娟,等.淮河支流污染物综合降解系数动态测算[J].中国环境监测,2015,31(2):64-67.
[21]罗彬.锦江流域水环境容量估算与总量分配研究[D].南昌大学,2011.
[22]胡锋平,侯娟,罗健文,等.赣江南昌段污染负荷及水环境容量分析[J].环境科学与技术,2010,33(12):198-201,211.
[23]李锦秀,徐嵩龄.流域水污染经济损失计量模型[J].水利学报,2003,34(10):68-74.
[2]Bellver-Domingoá,Hernández-Sancho F,Molinos-Senante M.A review of payment for ecosystem services for the economic internalization of environmental externalities:A water perspective[J].Geoforum,2016,70:115-118.
[3]张晏.国外生态补偿机制设计中的关键要素及启示[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(10):121-129.
[4]蒋毓琪,陈珂.流域生态补偿研究综述[J].生态经济,2016,32(4):175-180.
[5]李晓光,苗鸿,郑华,等.机会成本法在确定生态补偿标准中的应用—以海南中部山区为例[J].生态学报,2009,29(9):4875-4883.
[6]黎元生,胡熠.闽江流域区际生态受益补偿标准探析[J].农业现代化研究,2007,28(3):327-329.
[7]谢高地,张彩霞,张昌顺,等.中国生态系统服务的价值[J].资源科学,2015,37(9):1740-1746.
[8]Costanza R,D'Arge R,Groot R D,et al.The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital[J].Nature,1997,387:253-260.
[9]郭志建,葛颜祥,范芳玉,等.基于水质和水量的流域逐级补偿制度研究—以大汶河流域为例[J].中国农业资源与区划,2013,34(1):96-102.
[10]卢新海,柯善淦.基于生态足迹模型的区域水资源生态补偿量化模型构建—以长江流域为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2016,25(2):334-341.
[11]Davis R K.Recreation planning as an economic problem[J].Natural Resources Journal,1963,3(2):239-249.
[12]张翼飞,陈红敏,李瑾.应用意愿价值评估法,科学制订生态补偿标准[J].生态经济,2007(9):28-31.Zhang Y F,Chen H M,Jin L I.Applying the CVM to make the standard of ecological compensation reasonable[J].Ecological Economy,2007.
[13]徐大伟,刘春燕,常亮.流域生态补偿意愿的WTP与WTA差异性研究:基于辽河中游地区居民的CVM调查[J].自然资源学报,2013,28(3):402-409.
[14]樊辉,赵敏娟,史恒通.选择实验法视角的生态补偿意愿差异研究—以石羊河流域为例[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(10):65-69.
[15]王丽娜.中小流域水环境容量核算研究[D].开封:河南大学,2014.
[16]傅国伟.河流水质数学模型及其模拟计算[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1987.
[17]詹姆斯LD,等著,常锡厚,等译.水资源规划经济学[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1984.
[18]朱发庆,高冠民,李国倜,等.东湖水污染经济损失研究[J].环境科学学报,1993,13(2):214-222.
[19]冯帅,李叙勇,邓建才.太湖流域上游河网污染物降解系数研究[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(9):3127-3136.
[20]张亚丽,申剑,史淑娟,等.淮河支流污染物综合降解系数动态测算[J].中国环境监测,2015,31(2):64-67.
[21]罗彬.锦江流域水环境容量估算与总量分配研究[D].南昌大学,2011.
[22]胡锋平,侯娟,罗健文,等.赣江南昌段污染负荷及水环境容量分析[J].环境科学与技术,2010,33(12):198-201,211.
[23]李锦秀,徐嵩龄.流域水污染经济损失计量模型[J].水利学报,2003,34(10):68-74.