最优选型配置方法在农业机械中的应用
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摘要
随着我国农业机械的快速发展以及种植模式多元化,传统农业机械选型配置方法已不能满足实际需求。围绕上述问题,在现有农业机械选型配置方法基础上,归纳农业机械选型配置的原则;对4种农业机械选型方法和2种农业机械配置方法进行分析总结,概述其特点和适用范围以及发展趋势。其中农业机械选型方法的模糊综合判定法适用于评价因素具有模糊性和不确定性的农业机械选型中、投影寻踪建模法可避免人为因素的干扰,但排除了计算机以外的所有参与者,使得选型结果与实际结果存在一定的差异、价值工程可以以最低的成本实现用户所需要的功能,但对农业机械的分类标准缺乏依据、灰色关联度法对样本数据大小和分布规律没有特殊要求、可在随机因素序列中找出各个因素间关联程度的大小,适用于型号复杂种类繁多的农业机械选型;农业机械配置方法中的一般线性规划法适用于作业单一,机械数量少的农业生产活动中、非线性规划法用于机械型号复杂,数量繁多,且存在交叉作业的农业生产活动。最优选型配置方法的研究为我国农业机械选型配置的发展提供一定的参考价值。
With the rapid development of agricultural machinery and the diversification of planting patterns, the traditional method of selecting and equipping agricultural machinery have been unable to meet actual needs in China. The principles of agricultural machinery selection and allocation were expatiated based on the existing agricultural machinery selection and allocation methods. Four agricultural machinery selection and two agricultural machinery allocation methods' characteristic applicable scope and development trend were analyzed and summarized. Fuzzy comprehensive judgment method was suitable for the selection of agricultural machinery with fuzziness and uncertainty. Projection pursuit modeling method could avoid the interference of human factors, but excludes all participants outside the computer, which caused the selection results deviate with the actual results. Value engineering could achieve the functions required by users at the lowest cost, but lack of classification standards of agricultural machinery. Grey correlation degree method was suitable for the selection of agricultural machinery with complex types and various types. General linear programming was suitable for agricultural production activities with single operation and small number of machinery. Nonlinear programming method was suitable for complex types of machinery production activities. This research will provide reference value for the development of agricultural machinery selection and configuration in China.
With the rapid development of agricultural machinery and the diversification of planting patterns, the traditional method of selecting and equipping agricultural machinery have been unable to meet actual needs in China. The principles of agricultural machinery selection and allocation were expatiated based on the existing agricultural machinery selection and allocation methods. Four agricultural machinery selection and two agricultural machinery allocation methods' characteristic applicable scope and development trend were analyzed and summarized. Fuzzy comprehensive judgment method was suitable for the selection of agricultural machinery with fuzziness and uncertainty. Projection pursuit modeling method could avoid the interference of human factors, but excludes all participants outside the computer, which caused the selection results deviate with the actual results. Value engineering could achieve the functions required by users at the lowest cost, but lack of classification standards of agricultural machinery. Grey correlation degree method was suitable for the selection of agricultural machinery with complex types and various types. General linear programming was suitable for agricultural production activities with single operation and small number of machinery. Nonlinear programming method was suitable for complex types of machinery production activities. This research will provide reference value for the development of agricultural machinery selection and configuration in China.
引文
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[4] 陈传强,李鹍鹏,栾雪雁.花生联合收获机械试验选型方法研究[J].中国农机化学报,2013,34(5):55-59.Chen Chuanqiang,Li Kunpeng,Luan Xueyan.Experimental research for model selection of peanut combine [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2013,34(5):55-59.
[5] 张国艳.农业机械的选型原则[J].农机使用与维修,2013(8):58.
[6] 王洪德,马云东.采用模糊综合评价法判定矿井通风系统的可靠性[J].煤矿开采,2002,7(2):55-57.Wang Hongde,Ma Yundong.Decision of the mining ventilation system reliability with the fuzzy Integrated judgment method [J].Coal Mining Technology,2002,7(2):55-57.
[7] 韩正晟.农业机械选型系统的研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,1993(1):72-76.Han Zhengsheng.Selecting type system on farming machinery [J].Journal of Gansu Agricultural University,1993(1):72-76.
[8] 张衍,李灵芝,牛三库.基于模糊贴近度的农业机械评判模型[J].现代农业科技,2012(6):256-261.Zhang Yan,Li Lingzhi,Niu Sanku.Evaluation model of agricultural machinery based on fuzzy nearness [J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2012(6):256-261.
[9] 王桂民.基于规模化经营的水稻生产机器系统优化研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2017.Wang Guimin.Study on the optimization of machinery system used in rice production based on the scaled operation [D].Zhenjiang:Jiangsu University,2017.
[10] 成平,李国英.投影寻踪——一类新兴的统计方法[J].应用概率统计,1986,2(3):267-276.Cheng Ping,Li Guoying.Projection pursuit-a class of new statistical methods [J].Chinese Journal of Applied Probability and Statistics,1986,2(3):267-276.
[11] 付强,杨广林,金菊良.基于PPC模型的农机选型与优序关系研究[J].农业机械学报,2003,34(1):101-103.Fu Qiang,Yang Guanglin,Jin Juliang.Selection of agricultural machinery types and their optimum order based on PPC model [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2003,34(1):101-103.
[12] 张静,杨宛章.基于CGA和PPC模型的农机系统选型研究[J].天津农业科学,2013,19(7):43-45.Zhang Jing,Yang Wanzhang.Selection of agricultural machinery types based on CGA algorithm and PPC Model [J].Journal of Tianjin Agricultural Sciences,2013,19(7):43-45.
[13] 胡艳营,师忠秀.基于价值工程的机械产品创新设计对象的确定[J].机电工程技术,2006,35(6):26-28.
[14] 乔西铭.基于价值工程下农业机械选型与配套方案的优化[J].华南热带农业大学学报,2007,13(4):78-80.Qiao Ximing.Optimization of model selection of agricultural machines and allocation [J].Journal of South China University of Tropical Agriculture,2007,13(4):78-80.
[15] 黄玉祥,郭康权,朱瑞祥,等.基于证据理论的农业机械选型风险因素评价方法[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(4):135-141.Huang Yuxiang,Guo Kangquan,Zhu Ruixiang,et al.Method for evaluating the risk of selecting types of agricultural machinery based on evidence theory [J].Transactions of the CSAE,2008,24(4):135-141.
[16] Audsley E.An arable farm model to evaluate the commercial viability of new machines or techniques [J].Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research,198l(26):135-149.
[17] Whitson R E,Kay R D,Lepori W A,et al.Machinery and crop selection with weather risk [J].Transactions of the ASAE,1981,24(2):288-295.
[18] 韩宽襟,高焕文,万鹤群.农机配备非线性规划模型的完善及其序列规划逼近算法[J].北京农业工程大学学报,1990,10(2):1-8.Han Kuanjin,Gao Huanwen,Wan Hequn.Non-linear programming models improvement and its sequential programming approximation algorithm for farm machinery selection [J].Journal of Beijing Agricultural Engineering University,1990,10(2):1-8.
[19] 张璠,滕桂法,马建斌,等.基于启发式优先级规则的农机调配算法[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(10):78-85.Zhang Fan,Teng Guifa,Ma Jianbin,et al.Farm machinery scheduling and allocating based on heuristic priority rules [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(10):78-85.
[20] Chenarbon H A,Saeid M,Akbar A.Replacement age of agricultural tractor (MF285) in Varmnin region(case study) [J].Journal of American Science,2011,7(2):674-678.
[21] 盂繁琪,万鹤群.农业作业适时性对农机配备量的影响[J].农业机械学报,1983(1):97-103.Meng Fanqi,Wan Hequn.The effect of timeliness cost on the quantity of farmmachines required [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,1983(1):97-103.
[22] 曹锐.农机配备中适时作业期限合理延迟天数的确定方法[J].农业机械学报,1986(1):92-98.Cao Rui.A method to determine the prolongation of the proper operating tine for the allocation ofagricultural machinery [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,1986(1):92-98.
[23] 周应朝,高焕文.农业机器优化配备的新方法——非线性规划综合配备法[J].农业机械学报,1988(1):43-50.Zhou Yingchao,Gao Huanwen.New algorithms for the optimum disposition of farm machines-integrated disposition algorithm [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,1988(1):43-50.
[2] Hunt D.Farm power and machinery management [M].Iowa State University Press,1964.
[3] 高焕文.高等农业机械化管理学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,1998.
[4] 陈传强,李鹍鹏,栾雪雁.花生联合收获机械试验选型方法研究[J].中国农机化学报,2013,34(5):55-59.Chen Chuanqiang,Li Kunpeng,Luan Xueyan.Experimental research for model selection of peanut combine [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2013,34(5):55-59.
[5] 张国艳.农业机械的选型原则[J].农机使用与维修,2013(8):58.
[6] 王洪德,马云东.采用模糊综合评价法判定矿井通风系统的可靠性[J].煤矿开采,2002,7(2):55-57.Wang Hongde,Ma Yundong.Decision of the mining ventilation system reliability with the fuzzy Integrated judgment method [J].Coal Mining Technology,2002,7(2):55-57.
[7] 韩正晟.农业机械选型系统的研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,1993(1):72-76.Han Zhengsheng.Selecting type system on farming machinery [J].Journal of Gansu Agricultural University,1993(1):72-76.
[8] 张衍,李灵芝,牛三库.基于模糊贴近度的农业机械评判模型[J].现代农业科技,2012(6):256-261.Zhang Yan,Li Lingzhi,Niu Sanku.Evaluation model of agricultural machinery based on fuzzy nearness [J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2012(6):256-261.
[9] 王桂民.基于规模化经营的水稻生产机器系统优化研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2017.Wang Guimin.Study on the optimization of machinery system used in rice production based on the scaled operation [D].Zhenjiang:Jiangsu University,2017.
[10] 成平,李国英.投影寻踪——一类新兴的统计方法[J].应用概率统计,1986,2(3):267-276.Cheng Ping,Li Guoying.Projection pursuit-a class of new statistical methods [J].Chinese Journal of Applied Probability and Statistics,1986,2(3):267-276.
[11] 付强,杨广林,金菊良.基于PPC模型的农机选型与优序关系研究[J].农业机械学报,2003,34(1):101-103.Fu Qiang,Yang Guanglin,Jin Juliang.Selection of agricultural machinery types and their optimum order based on PPC model [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2003,34(1):101-103.
[12] 张静,杨宛章.基于CGA和PPC模型的农机系统选型研究[J].天津农业科学,2013,19(7):43-45.Zhang Jing,Yang Wanzhang.Selection of agricultural machinery types based on CGA algorithm and PPC Model [J].Journal of Tianjin Agricultural Sciences,2013,19(7):43-45.
[13] 胡艳营,师忠秀.基于价值工程的机械产品创新设计对象的确定[J].机电工程技术,2006,35(6):26-28.
[14] 乔西铭.基于价值工程下农业机械选型与配套方案的优化[J].华南热带农业大学学报,2007,13(4):78-80.Qiao Ximing.Optimization of model selection of agricultural machines and allocation [J].Journal of South China University of Tropical Agriculture,2007,13(4):78-80.
[15] 黄玉祥,郭康权,朱瑞祥,等.基于证据理论的农业机械选型风险因素评价方法[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(4):135-141.Huang Yuxiang,Guo Kangquan,Zhu Ruixiang,et al.Method for evaluating the risk of selecting types of agricultural machinery based on evidence theory [J].Transactions of the CSAE,2008,24(4):135-141.
[16] Audsley E.An arable farm model to evaluate the commercial viability of new machines or techniques [J].Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research,198l(26):135-149.
[17] Whitson R E,Kay R D,Lepori W A,et al.Machinery and crop selection with weather risk [J].Transactions of the ASAE,1981,24(2):288-295.
[18] 韩宽襟,高焕文,万鹤群.农机配备非线性规划模型的完善及其序列规划逼近算法[J].北京农业工程大学学报,1990,10(2):1-8.Han Kuanjin,Gao Huanwen,Wan Hequn.Non-linear programming models improvement and its sequential programming approximation algorithm for farm machinery selection [J].Journal of Beijing Agricultural Engineering University,1990,10(2):1-8.
[19] 张璠,滕桂法,马建斌,等.基于启发式优先级规则的农机调配算法[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(10):78-85.Zhang Fan,Teng Guifa,Ma Jianbin,et al.Farm machinery scheduling and allocating based on heuristic priority rules [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(10):78-85.
[20] Chenarbon H A,Saeid M,Akbar A.Replacement age of agricultural tractor (MF285) in Varmnin region(case study) [J].Journal of American Science,2011,7(2):674-678.
[21] 盂繁琪,万鹤群.农业作业适时性对农机配备量的影响[J].农业机械学报,1983(1):97-103.Meng Fanqi,Wan Hequn.The effect of timeliness cost on the quantity of farmmachines required [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,1983(1):97-103.
[22] 曹锐.农机配备中适时作业期限合理延迟天数的确定方法[J].农业机械学报,1986(1):92-98.Cao Rui.A method to determine the prolongation of the proper operating tine for the allocation ofagricultural machinery [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,1986(1):92-98.
[23] 周应朝,高焕文.农业机器优化配备的新方法——非线性规划综合配备法[J].农业机械学报,1988(1):43-50.Zhou Yingchao,Gao Huanwen.New algorithms for the optimum disposition of farm machines-integrated disposition algorithm [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,1988(1):43-50.
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