结构时程分析中强震记录选取研究综述
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摘要
该文论述了近年来国内外在结构抗震时程分析中输入强震记录选取的各种方法,对评判指标的选取及样本容量的确定进行了分类梳理和评述。震级、震中距、场地等地震信息常作为选波的第一评判指标,而目标谱及其他地震动强度指标则作为第二评判指标。地震动强度指标已总结出数十种,它们与结构反应的相关性及其在选波研究中的优越性认识不一。以反应谱为目标进行匹配、缩放及选择的方法(目标谱选波法),成为目前最主流的方法。目标谱的种类较多,最广泛采用的是规范设计谱,工程应用比较方便;条件均值谱方法精度较高,但如何将条件均值谱与我国规范接轨,仍需深入研究。结构反应均值估计中,反映强震记录反应谱与目标谱匹配程度的误差指标及缩放方法的取用,应力求能够选出谱形匹配较优的强震记录。随着基于性能抗震理念的深入及地震危险性概率分析方法的逐渐完善,结构反应的估计也从均值发展到概率分布,其所需的样本容量及所采用的评判指标研究仍需进一步深入。
This paper reviews various selection methods of real records for time-history analysis of structures in recent years. The selections of criteria and required numbers of records are summarized and classified. Specific earthquake scenarios, such as the magnitude, distance and site classification, are generally considered in the first step. Then, the target spectrum and other intensity measures(IMs) of the ground motions are taken into consideration. Presently, dozens of IMs have been developed, but there is no agreement on the relationship between IMs and structural responses, as well as the advantages of IMs in the selection of records. The method that selects and scales real ground motion records according to target spectra is the most popular. There are many kinds of target spectra, among which the design spectra in codes are the most popular because of the easy implementation in practice. The Conditional Mean Spectrum(CMS) is more accurate. How to introduce CMS into the Chinese code is worth of further studying. The selection of deviation parameters and scaling methods forestimating the mean responses of a structure should be taken in aspect of getting the optimum selection in real records that can match the spectral shape. With the development of the performance-based seismic design and the gradually perfection of Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis(PSHA), estimations of structural responses have been developed from mean values to probability distributions. The selection criteria and required number of records for estimations of the probability distributions of structural responses need to be further studied.
This paper reviews various selection methods of real records for time-history analysis of structures in recent years. The selections of criteria and required numbers of records are summarized and classified. Specific earthquake scenarios, such as the magnitude, distance and site classification, are generally considered in the first step. Then, the target spectrum and other intensity measures(IMs) of the ground motions are taken into consideration. Presently, dozens of IMs have been developed, but there is no agreement on the relationship between IMs and structural responses, as well as the advantages of IMs in the selection of records. The method that selects and scales real ground motion records according to target spectra is the most popular. There are many kinds of target spectra, among which the design spectra in codes are the most popular because of the easy implementation in practice. The Conditional Mean Spectrum(CMS) is more accurate. How to introduce CMS into the Chinese code is worth of further studying. The selection of deviation parameters and scaling methods forestimating the mean responses of a structure should be taken in aspect of getting the optimum selection in real records that can match the spectral shape. With the development of the performance-based seismic design and the gradually perfection of Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis(PSHA), estimations of structural responses have been developed from mean values to probability distributions. The selection criteria and required number of records for estimations of the probability distributions of structural responses need to be further studied.
引文
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