苯丙酮酸对动物焦虑抑郁行为和运动能力的影响
|
摘要
研究不同剂量苯丙酮酸对C57BL/6J雄性小鼠焦虑抑郁行为和运动能力的影响。将24只8周龄C57BL/6J雄性小鼠随机分为3组,分别在普通日粮中添加0,0.2%和0.4%的苯丙酮酸饲喂7周。利用旷场试验(Open field test,OFT)、高架十字迷宫试验(High plus maze,EPM)和悬尾试验(Tail suspension test,TST)评价小鼠的焦虑抑郁行为;运用跑步机、抓力试验和网屏试验评价小鼠的运动能力。OFT结果表明,普通日粮添加0.2%或0.4%的苯丙酮酸都能显著延长小鼠中央区域的活动时间和距离,增加小鼠进入中央区域的次数,减少周边区域的活动时间、距离和因应激引起的排便次数(P<0.05)。EPM结果表明,苯丙酮酸显著增加小鼠进入开臂区域的次数,延长小鼠在开臂区域的活动时间(P<0.05)。TST结果表明,苯丙酮酸显著缩短小鼠的不动时间,延长其活动时间(P<0.05)。跑步试验、抓力试验和网屏试验结果表明,0.2%的苯丙酮酸能显著提高小鼠爪握力,增加其运动耐力和爆发力(P<0.05)。研究结果提示,日粮添加苯丙酮酸可以有效缓解小鼠的焦虑抑郁行为,提高小鼠的运动能力。
To investigate the effects of different doses of phenylpyruvate on anxiety,depression and exercise capacity in C57 BL/6 J male mice.Twenty-four C57 BL/6 J male mice,8 weeks old,were randomly divided into three groups,and 0,0.2% and 0.4% phenylpyruvate were added to the chow diet for 7 weeks.The open field test(OFT),the high plus maze(EPM)and the tail suspension test(TST)were used to evaluate the anxiety and depression behavior of mice;treadmills,grip tests and the screen test were used to evaluate the exercise capacity of the mice.The results of OFT showed that the addition of 0.2% or 0.4% phenylpyruvate to the chow diet significantly prolonged the activity time and distance in the central region of the mouse,increased the number of times the mouse entered the central region,reduced the activity time and distance in the surrounding area and number of bowel movements due to stress(P<0.05). EPM results showed that phenylpyruvate significantly increased open arm entry times,prolonged the activity time of the mice in the open arms region(P<0.05).TST results showed that phenylpyruvate significantly shortened the resting time of mice and prolonged their activity time(P<0.05).The results of running test,grip test and screen test showed that 0.2% phenylpyruvate could significantly increase the grip strength of mice and increase their exercise endurance and explosiveness(P<0.05). The results suggest that the chow diet supplementation of phenylpyruvate can effectively alleviate the anxiety and depression behavior of mice and improve the exercise capacity of mice.
To investigate the effects of different doses of phenylpyruvate on anxiety,depression and exercise capacity in C57 BL/6 J male mice.Twenty-four C57 BL/6 J male mice,8 weeks old,were randomly divided into three groups,and 0,0.2% and 0.4% phenylpyruvate were added to the chow diet for 7 weeks.The open field test(OFT),the high plus maze(EPM)and the tail suspension test(TST)were used to evaluate the anxiety and depression behavior of mice;treadmills,grip tests and the screen test were used to evaluate the exercise capacity of the mice.The results of OFT showed that the addition of 0.2% or 0.4% phenylpyruvate to the chow diet significantly prolonged the activity time and distance in the central region of the mouse,increased the number of times the mouse entered the central region,reduced the activity time and distance in the surrounding area and number of bowel movements due to stress(P<0.05). EPM results showed that phenylpyruvate significantly increased open arm entry times,prolonged the activity time of the mice in the open arms region(P<0.05).TST results showed that phenylpyruvate significantly shortened the resting time of mice and prolonged their activity time(P<0.05).The results of running test,grip test and screen test showed that 0.2% phenylpyruvate could significantly increase the grip strength of mice and increase their exercise endurance and explosiveness(P<0.05). The results suggest that the chow diet supplementation of phenylpyruvate can effectively alleviate the anxiety and depression behavior of mice and improve the exercise capacity of mice.
引文
[1]万琴.动物行为学理论与畜牧生产实际的结合[J].当代畜牧,2014(20):29-30.Wan Q.The combination of animal behavior theory and animal husbandry production[J].Contemporary Animal Husbandry,2014(20):29-30.
[2]Aggarwal A,Upadhyay R.Heat stress and animal productivity[M].New York:Springer,2012:79-111.
[3]李宁.L-茶氨酸对肥育猪生长性能、血液指标和采食行为的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016.Li N.Effects of L-theanine on growth performance,blood parameters and feeding behavior of finishing pigs[D].Yangling:Northwest A&F University,2016.
[4]欧阳儒颖,季红光,蔡懿灵,等.补充支链氨基酸对睡眠剥夺大鼠行为和血清游离脂肪酸水平的影响[J].氨基酸和生物资源,2003,25(4):58-60.Ouyang R Y,Ji H G,Cai Y L,et al.Effects of supplementation of branched chain amino acids on behavior and serum free fatty acid levels in rats with sleep deprivation[J].Amino Acids&Biotic Resources,2003,25(4):58-60.
[5]Cleare A J,Bond A J.Effects of alterations in plasma tryptophan levels on aggressive feelings[J].Archives of General Psychiatry,1994,51(12):1004-1005.
[6]Cleare A J,Bond A J.The effect of tryptophan depletion and enhancement on subjective and behavioural aggression in normal male subjects[J].Psychopharmacology,1995,118(1):72-81.
[7]Lieberman H R,Corkin S,Spring B J,et al.Mood,performance,and pain sensitivity:changes induced by food constituents[J].Journal of Psychiatric Research,1982,17(2):135-145.
[8]Smith S E,Pihl R O,Young S N,et al.A test of possible cognitive and environmental influences on the mood lowering effect of tryptophan depletion in normal males[J].Psychopharmacology,1987,91(4):451-457.
[9]Imtiaz S,Ikram H,Ayaz M,et al.Effect of glycine:Studying memory and behavioral changes in mice[J].Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences,2018,31(5):1943-1949.
[10]Banderet L E,Lieberman H R.Treatment with tyrosine,a neurotransmitter precursor,reduces environmental stress in humans[J].Brain Research Bulletin,1989,22(4):759-762.
[11]Deigen J B,Orlebeke J F.Effect of tyrosine on cognitive function and blood pressure under stress[J].Brain Research Bulletin,1994,33(3):319-323.
[12]Shurtleff D,Thomas J R,Schrot J,et al.Tyrosine reverses a cold-induced working memory deficit in humans[J].Pharmacology,Biochemistry,and Behavior,1994,47(4):935-941.
[13]Institute of Medicine Committee on Military Nutrition R.The Role of Protein and Amino Acids in Sustaining and Enhancing Performance[C].Washington(DC):National Academies Press(US)Copyright 1999 by the National Academy of Sciences.All rights reserved,1999.
[14]Sinakevitch I T,Wolff G H,Pfluger H J,et al.Editorial:biogenic amines and neuromodulation of animal behavior[J].Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience,2018,12(31):1-3.
[15]Ichinose T,Tanimoto H,Yamagata N.Behavioral modulation by spontaneous activity of dopamine neurons[J].Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience,2017,11:88.
[16]ZhukovskayaMI,PolyanovskyAD.Biogenicaminesininsectantennae[J].FrontiersinSystemsNeuroscience,2017,11:45.
[17]Furuta C,Murakami H J A o N,Metabolism.A novel concept of amino acid supplementation to improve the growth of young malnourished male rats[J].Annals of Nutrition&Metabolism,2018,72(3):231-240.
[18]杨昕涧,曹阳春,郑辰,等.日粮添加亮氨酸和苯丙氨酸对荷斯坦公犊生长性能及血清代谢物的影响[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(21):4196-4204.Yang X J,Cao Y C,Zheng C,et al.Effects of dietary leucine and phenylalanine on growth performance and serum metabolites of Holstein male carp[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2017,50(21):4196-4204.
[19]Usuda K,Kawase T,Shigeno Y,et al.Hippocampal metabolism of amino acids by L-amino acid oxidase is involved in fear learning and memory[J].Scientific Reports,2018,8(1):11073.
[20]Robie A A,Hirokawa J,Edwards A W,et al.Mapping the neural substrates of behavior[J].Cell,2017,170(2):393-406.
[21]Ferreira G K,Jeremias I C,Scaini G,et al.Effect of acute and chronic administration of L-tyrosine on nerve growth factor levels in rat brain[J].Neurochemical Research,2013,38(8):1742-1746.
[22]Ohland C L,Pankiv E,Baker G,et al.Western diet-induced anxiolytic effects in mice are associated with alterations in tryptophan metabolism[J].Nutritional Neuroscience,2016,19(8):337-345.
[23]Klinkenberg S,van den Borne C J,Aalbers M W,et al.The effects of vagus nerve stimulation on tryptophan metabolites in children with intractable epilepsy[J].Epilepsy&Behavior:E&B,2014(37):133-138.
[24]Dickinson P J,Anderson P J,Williams D C,et al.Assessment of the neurologic effects of dietary deficiencies of phenylalanine and tyrosine in cats[J].American Journal of Veterinary Research,2004,65(5):671-680.
[25]Cordero M E,Trejo M,Colombo M,et al.Histological maturation of the neocortex in phenylketonuric rats[J].Early human development,1983,8(2):157-173.
[26]Horster F,Schwab M A,Sauer S W,et al.Phenylalanine reduces synaptic density in mixed cortical cultures from mice[J].Pediatric Research,2006,59(1):544-548.
[27]de Freitas M S,de Mattos-Dutra A,Schroder N,et al.Effect of hyperphenylalaninemia chemically induced on in vitro incorporation of 32P into cytoskeletal proteins from cerebral cortex of developing rats[J].Experimental Neurology,1997,143(2):188-195.
[28]Park J W,Lee M H,Choi J O,et al.Tissue-specific activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases for expression of transthyretin by phenylalanine and its metabolite,phenylpyruvic acid[J].Experimental&Molecular Medicine,2010,42(2):105-115.
[29]Brunhuber N M,Thoden J B,Blanchard J S,et al.Rhodococcus L-phenylalanine dehydrogenase:kinetics,mechanism,and structural basis for catalytic specificity[J].Biochemistry,2000,39(31):9174-9187.
[30]向君.苯丙酮尿症(PKU)[J].健康生活,1996(7):40.Xiang J.Phenylketonuria(PKU)[J].Healthy Living,1996(7):40.
[31]Rosa A P,Jacques C E,Moraes T B,et al.Phenylpyruvic acid decreases glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in rat brain[J].Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology,2012,32(7):1113-1118.
[32]DeVivo D C,Leckie M P,Ferrendelli J S,et al.Chronic ketosis and cerebral metabolism[J].Annals of Neurology,1978,3(4):331-337.
[33]Haymond M W,Howard C,Ben-Galim E,et al.Effects of ketosis on glucose flux in children and adults[J].The American Journal of Physiology,1983,245(4):373-378.
[34]Lutas A,Yellen G.The ketogenic diet:metabolic influences on brain excitability and epilepsy[J].Trends in Neurosciences,2013,36(1):32-40.
[2]Aggarwal A,Upadhyay R.Heat stress and animal productivity[M].New York:Springer,2012:79-111.
[3]李宁.L-茶氨酸对肥育猪生长性能、血液指标和采食行为的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016.Li N.Effects of L-theanine on growth performance,blood parameters and feeding behavior of finishing pigs[D].Yangling:Northwest A&F University,2016.
[4]欧阳儒颖,季红光,蔡懿灵,等.补充支链氨基酸对睡眠剥夺大鼠行为和血清游离脂肪酸水平的影响[J].氨基酸和生物资源,2003,25(4):58-60.Ouyang R Y,Ji H G,Cai Y L,et al.Effects of supplementation of branched chain amino acids on behavior and serum free fatty acid levels in rats with sleep deprivation[J].Amino Acids&Biotic Resources,2003,25(4):58-60.
[5]Cleare A J,Bond A J.Effects of alterations in plasma tryptophan levels on aggressive feelings[J].Archives of General Psychiatry,1994,51(12):1004-1005.
[6]Cleare A J,Bond A J.The effect of tryptophan depletion and enhancement on subjective and behavioural aggression in normal male subjects[J].Psychopharmacology,1995,118(1):72-81.
[7]Lieberman H R,Corkin S,Spring B J,et al.Mood,performance,and pain sensitivity:changes induced by food constituents[J].Journal of Psychiatric Research,1982,17(2):135-145.
[8]Smith S E,Pihl R O,Young S N,et al.A test of possible cognitive and environmental influences on the mood lowering effect of tryptophan depletion in normal males[J].Psychopharmacology,1987,91(4):451-457.
[9]Imtiaz S,Ikram H,Ayaz M,et al.Effect of glycine:Studying memory and behavioral changes in mice[J].Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences,2018,31(5):1943-1949.
[10]Banderet L E,Lieberman H R.Treatment with tyrosine,a neurotransmitter precursor,reduces environmental stress in humans[J].Brain Research Bulletin,1989,22(4):759-762.
[11]Deigen J B,Orlebeke J F.Effect of tyrosine on cognitive function and blood pressure under stress[J].Brain Research Bulletin,1994,33(3):319-323.
[12]Shurtleff D,Thomas J R,Schrot J,et al.Tyrosine reverses a cold-induced working memory deficit in humans[J].Pharmacology,Biochemistry,and Behavior,1994,47(4):935-941.
[13]Institute of Medicine Committee on Military Nutrition R.The Role of Protein and Amino Acids in Sustaining and Enhancing Performance[C].Washington(DC):National Academies Press(US)Copyright 1999 by the National Academy of Sciences.All rights reserved,1999.
[14]Sinakevitch I T,Wolff G H,Pfluger H J,et al.Editorial:biogenic amines and neuromodulation of animal behavior[J].Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience,2018,12(31):1-3.
[15]Ichinose T,Tanimoto H,Yamagata N.Behavioral modulation by spontaneous activity of dopamine neurons[J].Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience,2017,11:88.
[16]ZhukovskayaMI,PolyanovskyAD.Biogenicaminesininsectantennae[J].FrontiersinSystemsNeuroscience,2017,11:45.
[17]Furuta C,Murakami H J A o N,Metabolism.A novel concept of amino acid supplementation to improve the growth of young malnourished male rats[J].Annals of Nutrition&Metabolism,2018,72(3):231-240.
[18]杨昕涧,曹阳春,郑辰,等.日粮添加亮氨酸和苯丙氨酸对荷斯坦公犊生长性能及血清代谢物的影响[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(21):4196-4204.Yang X J,Cao Y C,Zheng C,et al.Effects of dietary leucine and phenylalanine on growth performance and serum metabolites of Holstein male carp[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2017,50(21):4196-4204.
[19]Usuda K,Kawase T,Shigeno Y,et al.Hippocampal metabolism of amino acids by L-amino acid oxidase is involved in fear learning and memory[J].Scientific Reports,2018,8(1):11073.
[20]Robie A A,Hirokawa J,Edwards A W,et al.Mapping the neural substrates of behavior[J].Cell,2017,170(2):393-406.
[21]Ferreira G K,Jeremias I C,Scaini G,et al.Effect of acute and chronic administration of L-tyrosine on nerve growth factor levels in rat brain[J].Neurochemical Research,2013,38(8):1742-1746.
[22]Ohland C L,Pankiv E,Baker G,et al.Western diet-induced anxiolytic effects in mice are associated with alterations in tryptophan metabolism[J].Nutritional Neuroscience,2016,19(8):337-345.
[23]Klinkenberg S,van den Borne C J,Aalbers M W,et al.The effects of vagus nerve stimulation on tryptophan metabolites in children with intractable epilepsy[J].Epilepsy&Behavior:E&B,2014(37):133-138.
[24]Dickinson P J,Anderson P J,Williams D C,et al.Assessment of the neurologic effects of dietary deficiencies of phenylalanine and tyrosine in cats[J].American Journal of Veterinary Research,2004,65(5):671-680.
[25]Cordero M E,Trejo M,Colombo M,et al.Histological maturation of the neocortex in phenylketonuric rats[J].Early human development,1983,8(2):157-173.
[26]Horster F,Schwab M A,Sauer S W,et al.Phenylalanine reduces synaptic density in mixed cortical cultures from mice[J].Pediatric Research,2006,59(1):544-548.
[27]de Freitas M S,de Mattos-Dutra A,Schroder N,et al.Effect of hyperphenylalaninemia chemically induced on in vitro incorporation of 32P into cytoskeletal proteins from cerebral cortex of developing rats[J].Experimental Neurology,1997,143(2):188-195.
[28]Park J W,Lee M H,Choi J O,et al.Tissue-specific activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases for expression of transthyretin by phenylalanine and its metabolite,phenylpyruvic acid[J].Experimental&Molecular Medicine,2010,42(2):105-115.
[29]Brunhuber N M,Thoden J B,Blanchard J S,et al.Rhodococcus L-phenylalanine dehydrogenase:kinetics,mechanism,and structural basis for catalytic specificity[J].Biochemistry,2000,39(31):9174-9187.
[30]向君.苯丙酮尿症(PKU)[J].健康生活,1996(7):40.Xiang J.Phenylketonuria(PKU)[J].Healthy Living,1996(7):40.
[31]Rosa A P,Jacques C E,Moraes T B,et al.Phenylpyruvic acid decreases glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in rat brain[J].Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology,2012,32(7):1113-1118.
[32]DeVivo D C,Leckie M P,Ferrendelli J S,et al.Chronic ketosis and cerebral metabolism[J].Annals of Neurology,1978,3(4):331-337.
[33]Haymond M W,Howard C,Ben-Galim E,et al.Effects of ketosis on glucose flux in children and adults[J].The American Journal of Physiology,1983,245(4):373-378.
[34]Lutas A,Yellen G.The ketogenic diet:metabolic influences on brain excitability and epilepsy[J].Trends in Neurosciences,2013,36(1):32-40.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |