不同品种牡丹萌芽过程中组织抗冷性的变化
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摘要
以牡丹品种"洛阳红"和"凤丹白"为试材,利用热电偶测温仪测定萌芽过程中不同部位(老茎、鳞片、幼叶、幼茎、苞叶、萼片、花瓣)组织的过冷点及冰点温度,分析牡丹萌芽过程中不同组织抗冷性的变化。结果表明:"洛阳红"和"凤丹白"在萌芽过程中,不同部位组织的过冷点和冰点温度均呈上升趋势,抗冷能力逐渐减弱。"洛阳红"抗冷能力强于"凤丹白"。比较相同时期花器官的过冷能力,7个部位有差异,其中新生幼茎和萼片抗冷性最强。表明牡丹开花前具有抵抗-3～-5℃左右突发低温天气急变的能力。
Taking the cultivars 'Luoyanghong' and 'Fengdanbai' of tree peony as test materials,the supercooling points(SCP) and freezing points(FP) of tree peony were measured in seven different parts(old stem,squama,initial leaf,initial stem,bract,sepal,petal) by thermocouple,the changes of cold resistance of floral organs were studied.The results showed that with floral organs sprouting,the supercooling point and the freezing point increased,which indicated that the cold resistance decreased.The cold resistance of 'Luoyanghong' was stronger than that of 'Fengdanbai'.Comparing supercooling points of the seven parts of the same stage,freezing points displayed apparent diversity and the cold resistances of initial stems and sepals were the strongest.The results suggested that tree peony had the ability to resist sudden changes of cryogenic climate around-3℃ to-5℃ before flowering.
Taking the cultivars 'Luoyanghong' and 'Fengdanbai' of tree peony as test materials,the supercooling points(SCP) and freezing points(FP) of tree peony were measured in seven different parts(old stem,squama,initial leaf,initial stem,bract,sepal,petal) by thermocouple,the changes of cold resistance of floral organs were studied.The results showed that with floral organs sprouting,the supercooling point and the freezing point increased,which indicated that the cold resistance decreased.The cold resistance of 'Luoyanghong' was stronger than that of 'Fengdanbai'.Comparing supercooling points of the seven parts of the same stage,freezing points displayed apparent diversity and the cold resistances of initial stems and sepals were the strongest.The results suggested that tree peony had the ability to resist sudden changes of cryogenic climate around-3℃ to-5℃ before flowering.
引文
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[2]李宗艳.滇中地区引种牡丹的生态分析[J].云南林业科技,2003(2):47-49.
[3]任丽,岳桦.4种中原牡丹在哈尔滨地区的抗寒性研究[J].植物研究,2010,30(2):228-237.
[4]张黎,施孝贞.银川灌区紫斑牡丹引种试验[J].农业科学研究,2005,26(1):34-36.
[5]Meng Q R,Liang Y Q,Wang W F,et al.Study on supercooling pointand freezing point in floral organs of apricot[J].Agricultural Sciences inChina,2007,6(11):1330-1335.
[6]史国安,杨正申,王长忠,等.温度和化学药剂对牡丹切花乙烯释放及贮藏品质的影响[J].北方园艺,1997(6):62-63.
[7]贺漫媚,朱纯,陈妙贤,等.温度对多花野牡丹花芽分化的影响[J].广西热带农业,2006(6):44-45.
[8]田玉广.牡丹开花质量受温度影响试验浅析[J].陕西农业科学,2010(4):85-86.
[9]申春苗,汪良驹,王文辉,等.12个梨品种果实冰点温度的测定与影响因素分析[J].南京农业大学学报,2011,34(1):35-40.
[10]姚明华,徐跃进,李晓丽,等.茄子耐冷性生理生化指标的研究[J].园艺学报,2001,28(6):527-531.
[11]张翠英,王英,黄玉芳,等.气候变暖对菏泽牡丹花期的影响及花期预测模型[J].中国农业气象,2009,30(2):251-253.
[12]Reyes-Diaz M,Ulloa N,Zuniga-Feest A,et al.Arabidopsis thalianaavoids freezing by supercooling[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2006,57(14):3687-3696.
[13]James C,Seignemartin V,James S J.The freezing and supercooling ofgarlic(Allium sativum L.)[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2009,32:253-260.
[14]胡位荣,张昭其,蒋跃明,等.采后荔枝冰温贮藏的适宜参数研究[J].中国农业科学,2005,38(4):797-802.
[15]鲁周民,张忠良,江海清,等.采后板栗冰点及呼吸强度变化研究[J].西北林学院报,2002,17(1):11-14.
[16]史国安,孟海燕,李委涛,等.牡丹花器官结冰点和过冷却点的研究[J].园艺学报,2011,38(S):2627.
[17]王俊娟,叶武戚,樊保香.陆地棉不同生长阶段抗冷性初报[J].中国棉花,2006,33(4):8-9.
[18]Li T G,Visperas R M,Vergara B S.Correlation of cold tolerance atdifferent growth stages in rice[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,1981,23(3):203-207.
[19]金研铭,徐惠风,李亚东,等.牡丹引种及其抗寒性的研究[J].吉林农业大学学报,1999,21(2):37-39.
[20]王毅,杨宏福,李树德.园艺植物冷害和抗冷性的研究[J].园艺学报,1994,21(3):239-244.
[21]赵雪梅.国内牡丹引种栽培研究[J].赤峰学院学报(自然科学版),2010,26(2):22-24.
[22]张革艳.北方地区引种牡丹的栽培技术[J].北方园艺,2007(8):167-168.