柴油加氢裂化催化剂运行问题及对策
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摘要
某石化公司1.2 Mt/a柴油加氢改质装置由于受反应和操作条件影响,催化剂运转周期出现了较为严重的问题。针对第一周期运行期间精制催化剂及裂化催化剂失活速度较快的问题,通过对装置原料、操作波动及生产工艺参数的对比,详细分析了装置运行过程中造成催化剂活性损失的原因,并提出提高压缩机运行可靠性、优化原料配比减少生产波动、改造催化剂床层卸料管口解决床层偏流问题、均衡裂化床层温度实现催化剂失活速率一致等应对措施,最终保证了装置的"安稳长满优"运行。
In the 5 years' operation of a 1. 2 MM TPY diesel hydro-upgrading unit in a petrochemical company,serious problems occurred in the operating cycle of the catalysts because of influences of reaction and operating conditions. To solve the problems of faster deactivation of refining catalyst and cracking catalyst in the first operation cycle,the feedstocks,operation fluctuation and process parameters were compared and the causes of catalyst deactivation were analyzed in detail. A number of countermeasures were presented to ensure the safe,stable and long-term operation of the unit at full capacity,such as the operating reliability of the compressor should be improved,the feedstock proportion should be optimized to minimize operation fluctuation,the outlet pipe of catalyst bed should be revamped to solve the problem of deflected flow of bed,the temperature of cracking bed should be optimized to stream line measures for catalyst deactivation,etc. so as to ensure the long-term safe stable operation of the unit at a full capacity.
In the 5 years' operation of a 1. 2 MM TPY diesel hydro-upgrading unit in a petrochemical company,serious problems occurred in the operating cycle of the catalysts because of influences of reaction and operating conditions. To solve the problems of faster deactivation of refining catalyst and cracking catalyst in the first operation cycle,the feedstocks,operation fluctuation and process parameters were compared and the causes of catalyst deactivation were analyzed in detail. A number of countermeasures were presented to ensure the safe,stable and long-term operation of the unit at full capacity,such as the operating reliability of the compressor should be improved,the feedstock proportion should be optimized to minimize operation fluctuation,the outlet pipe of catalyst bed should be revamped to solve the problem of deflected flow of bed,the temperature of cracking bed should be optimized to stream line measures for catalyst deactivation,etc. so as to ensure the long-term safe stable operation of the unit at a full capacity.
引文
[1]王贵文,乔楠森.加氢裂化催化剂的失活与激活[J].工业催化,2002,10(6):8-10.
[2]李大东.加氢处理工艺与工程[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2007:689-691.
[3]金德浩,刘建晖,申涛.加氢裂化装置技术问答[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2005:53.
[4]李高峰,王文婷.预硫化加氢催化剂在加氢改质装置上的工业应用[C]//全国工业催化技术及应用年会论文集.西安:西北化工研究院,2005:148-152.
[5]柳荣,杜艳泽,王凤来,等.FC-32加氢裂化催化剂性能特点及工业应用[J].炼油技术与工程,2011,41(9):44-46.
[6]李大东.加氢处理工艺与工程[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2004:618.
[2]李大东.加氢处理工艺与工程[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2007:689-691.
[3]金德浩,刘建晖,申涛.加氢裂化装置技术问答[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2005:53.
[4]李高峰,王文婷.预硫化加氢催化剂在加氢改质装置上的工业应用[C]//全国工业催化技术及应用年会论文集.西安:西北化工研究院,2005:148-152.
[5]柳荣,杜艳泽,王凤来,等.FC-32加氢裂化催化剂性能特点及工业应用[J].炼油技术与工程,2011,41(9):44-46.
[6]李大东.加氢处理工艺与工程[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2004:618.