混凝-超滤短流程工艺低温运行膜污染机理研究
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摘要
针对东北某水源地汛期后冬季低温水质特点,开展混凝-超滤短流程工艺膜污染机理研究,利用Box-Benhnken Design(BBD)中心组合实验和响应面分析法,确定水温、膜通量、聚合氯化铝(PAC)投加量3个因素为自变量,归一化膜比通量(NSF)为响应值,研究他们自变量之间的交互作用。结果表明,水温高于4℃,膜通量和PAC投加量对膜污染的影响均显著;水温低于4℃时,膜通量和PAC投加量对膜污染的影响不显著。采用傅里叶红外光谱仪和扫描电镜对污染后的超滤膜进行微观检测,发现膜丝表面吸附的污染物以高岭土为主,腐殖酸为辅。通过氢氧化钠(质量浓度2 g/L,2 h)和盐酸(质量浓度5 g/L,5 h)浸泡的离线性化学清洗方法可去除膜孔内堵塞的污染物,有效缓解膜污染。
Aimed at the characteristics of low temperature water in the cold area of Northeast China, the membrane fouling mechanism of coagulationultrafiltration short flow process was researched. The Box-Benhnken Design(BBD) central composite test and response surface methodology(RSM) analysis was designed with the three factors of water temperature, membrane flux and polyaluminium chloride(PAC), and the response value of normalized membrane specific flux(NSF), and the interaction effect was studied. The results showed that, when the water temperature was higher than 4 ℃, membrane flux and PAC dosage both had significant effect on membrane fouling. When the water temperature was lower than 4 ℃, the effect of membrane flux and PAC dosage on membrane fouling was not effective. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to detect the micro situation of the polluted ultrafiltration membrane. It was found that the contaminants adsorbed on the surface of the membrane were mainly kaolin, and humic acid was the minor. Through the off-line chemical cleaning with sodium hydroxide(2 g/L, 2 h)and hydrochloric acid(5 g/L, 5 h)soaking, it could remove contaminants from the membrane pores, and could effectively alleviate the membrane fouling.
Aimed at the characteristics of low temperature water in the cold area of Northeast China, the membrane fouling mechanism of coagulationultrafiltration short flow process was researched. The Box-Benhnken Design(BBD) central composite test and response surface methodology(RSM) analysis was designed with the three factors of water temperature, membrane flux and polyaluminium chloride(PAC), and the response value of normalized membrane specific flux(NSF), and the interaction effect was studied. The results showed that, when the water temperature was higher than 4 ℃, membrane flux and PAC dosage both had significant effect on membrane fouling. When the water temperature was lower than 4 ℃, the effect of membrane flux and PAC dosage on membrane fouling was not effective. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to detect the micro situation of the polluted ultrafiltration membrane. It was found that the contaminants adsorbed on the surface of the membrane were mainly kaolin, and humic acid was the minor. Through the off-line chemical cleaning with sodium hydroxide(2 g/L, 2 h)and hydrochloric acid(5 g/L, 5 h)soaking, it could remove contaminants from the membrane pores, and could effectively alleviate the membrane fouling.
引文
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[2]生活饮用水卫生标准:GB 5749-2006[S].
[3]郜玉楠,周东旭,于鹏飞,等.大伙房汛期高浊污染二次絮凝超滤工艺研究[J].水处理技术,2014.40(10):116-119.
[4]汪志永,戴红玲,周政,等.低温低浊水处理技术的研究与应用[J].水处理技术,2016,42(10):20-24.
[5]王燕藏.混凝预处理方式对超滤组合工艺运行的影响[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2014.
[6]宗子翔.低水温条件下混凝超滤耦合工艺膜污染防治研究[D].沈阳:沈阳建筑大学,2017.
[7]傅金祥,卢善文,郜玉楠,等.正交试验设计方法在微絮凝-超滤膜系统设计中的应用[J].沈阳建筑大学学报,2015,31(2):351-357.
[8]吕景花,袁林江,张婷婷.响应面法优化厌氧上清液除磷的研究[J].中国环境科学,2014.34(1):72-77.
[9]LIU Y W,LI X,LIANG S,et al.Fouling control of PAC/UF process for treating algel-rich water[J].Desalination,2015,355:75-82.
[10]郜玉楠,王信之,宗子翔,等.混凝-超滤短流程工艺膜污染特性及防治研究[J].水处理技术,2017.43(3):78-81.
[11]RONG H Y,GAO B Y,LI J,et al.Floc characterization and membrane fouling of polyferric-polymer dual/composite coagulation/ultrafiltration hybrid process[J].Joural of Colloid and Interface Science,2013.412:39-45.
[12]瞿芳术.超滤处理高藻水过程中膜污染特性及控制研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012.