水平缝发育低—超低渗透油藏注水开发特征
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摘要
针对延长东部油田浅层水平缝发育油藏注水开发中存在的问题,根据矿场实践及测试统计结果,研究了该类储层裂缝分布规律,总结了不同于高角度裂缝和垂直裂缝发育油藏的注水开发特征。研究结果表明:该类储层中天然裂缝在物性较好的区域更易连续、成片集中分布。天然裂缝发育集中和连续区域的油井压裂破裂压力也相对较低,更易形成水淹区域;水平缝发育油藏注水开发中,裂缝发育区域周围的油井注水易形成多方向连片水淹,治理难度大,水驱效果较差。实践表明,水平缝发育油藏单靠平面井网优化难以有效避免注入水沿油井水窜,需寻求注采位置与沉积韵律和裂缝系统的纵向优化配置。研究成果对浅层水平缝发育低—超低渗透油藏有效注水开发具有积极指导作用。
Field practices and statistical test data are used to study the issues during the waterflooding of shallow reservoir with well-developed horizontal fractures in the eastern oilfield of Yanchang. The fracture distribution for this type of reservoir is studied and the specific waterflooding performances differ from those of reservoirs with high-angle and vertical fractures are summarized. Research indicates that natural fractures in such reservoir are more likely to be continuous development in the areas with high-quality reservoir. The breakdown pressure in the area with concentrated and continuous natural fracture distribution is also relatively low,which is more likely to be flooded. The oil wells around the area concentrated fractures tends to cause multi-directional continuous flooding during the waterflooding of reservoir with well-developed horizontal fractures,which leads to a big challenge in control and poor waterflooding performance. Field practices show that planar well pattern optimization is insufficient to effectively prevent the water channeling along oil wells. It is of great necessity to optimize the longitudinal configuration between injection-production interval and deposition rhythm and fracture system. This research could provide a positive guidance for the effective waterflooding of shallow low─ultra-low permeability oil reservoir with well-developed horizontal fractures.
Field practices and statistical test data are used to study the issues during the waterflooding of shallow reservoir with well-developed horizontal fractures in the eastern oilfield of Yanchang. The fracture distribution for this type of reservoir is studied and the specific waterflooding performances differ from those of reservoirs with high-angle and vertical fractures are summarized. Research indicates that natural fractures in such reservoir are more likely to be continuous development in the areas with high-quality reservoir. The breakdown pressure in the area with concentrated and continuous natural fracture distribution is also relatively low,which is more likely to be flooded. The oil wells around the area concentrated fractures tends to cause multi-directional continuous flooding during the waterflooding of reservoir with well-developed horizontal fractures,which leads to a big challenge in control and poor waterflooding performance. Field practices show that planar well pattern optimization is insufficient to effectively prevent the water channeling along oil wells. It is of great necessity to optimize the longitudinal configuration between injection-production interval and deposition rhythm and fracture system. This research could provide a positive guidance for the effective waterflooding of shallow low─ultra-low permeability oil reservoir with well-developed horizontal fractures.
引文
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[19]杨悦,李相方,卢巍,等.浅层低渗油藏压裂水平裂缝直井产能方程推导及应用[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(4):7015-7020.
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[2]刘格云,黄臣军,周新桂,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组裂缝发育程度定量评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(4):444-451.
[3]杨荣国,沈振振.七里村油田水平缝压裂工艺技术探索[J].化工管理,2015,2(3):185-186.
[4]魏繁荣.七里村油矿延长组长6油层压裂工艺技术研究[D].西安:西安石油大学,2012.
[5]赵向原,曾联波,刘忠群,等.致密砂岩储层中钙质夹层特征及天然裂缝分布的关系[J].地质评论,2015,61(1):163-169.
[6]孟选刚,杜志敏,王稥增,等.延长长6浅油层水平缝水平井压裂参数设计[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(1):83-87.
[7]孟选刚.郑庄长6油藏裂缝特征及对注水开发影响研究[D].西安:西安石油大学,2010.
[8]谢景彬,龙国清,田昌炳,等.特低渗透砂岩油藏动态裂缝成因及对注水开发的影响[J].油气地质与采收率,2015,22(3):106-110.
[9]陆诗阔,李冬冬.变质岩储层岩性及裂缝测井识别方法研究进展[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(4):618-632.
[10]关宝文,郭建明,杨燕,等.油气储层裂缝预测方法及发展趋势[J].特种油气藏,2014,21(1):12-17.
[11]刘格云,黄臣军,周新桂,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组裂缝发育程度定量评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(4):444-451.
[12]牛小兵,侯贵廷,张居增,等.鄂尔多斯盆地长6─长7段致密砂岩岩心裂缝评价标准及应用[J].大地构造与成岩学,2014,38(2):571-578.
[13]彭蜀安.陕北延长组浅油层勘探开发近况[J].石油与天然气地质,1991,11(1):108-113.
[14]周锋德.低渗含裂缝砂岩油藏渗流规律及综合模拟研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2009.
[15]邓海成,刘洪涛,许洪东.大庆台肇地区低渗透砂岩储层裂缝动态研究[J].石油大然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2005,27(1):233-237.
[16]郑浩,苏彦春,张迎春,等.裂缝性油藏渗流特征及驱替机理数值模拟研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2014,21(4):79-83.
[17]张富美,施冬,张春生,等.安塞油田王窑区裂缝性储层注水综合研究[J].中外能源,2011,9(16):47-50.
[18]郭粉转,席天德,孟选刚,等.低渗透油田油井见水规律分析[J].东北石油大学学报,2013,37(3):55-60.
[19]杨悦,李相方,卢巍,等.浅层低渗油藏压裂水平裂缝直井产能方程推导及应用[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(4):7015-7020.
[20]孙致学.裂缝性油藏中高含水期开发技术研究——以火烧山油田H-2层为例[D].成都:成都理工大学,2008.