一种双电压合成信号脉宽调制的低功耗高速电磁铁驱动电路
|
摘要
针对提升电液控制系统动态和稳态性能的需求,提出一种双电压合成信号脉宽调制的低功耗高速电磁铁驱动电路。与常见的双电源切换电路不同,该电路通过单稳态触发器电路、反相输入求和电路、反相比例运算电路合成一个双电压信号,与高频三角波电路比较产生一个双占空比的脉宽调制信号,最后经功率放大级输出,实现初始阶段100%占空比脉宽调制信号使电磁铁线圈电流急速上升驱动衔铁高速运动,运动结束后又以10%占空比实现低功耗保持,避免了双电源切换电路设计的复杂性和实时性问题。基于上述原理,建立高速电磁铁及驱动电路的理论模型,仿真分析电磁铁的动态和稳态性能,并结合原型样机进行实验验证。研究结果表明:与典型恒定电压或恒定占空比控制方式相比,性能明显提高,该驱动电路作用下的电磁铁在2.5mm行程内开启时间为10ms,关闭时间为22ms,稳态功耗为0.3W,可更好地满足低功耗高速电磁铁的驱动要求。
In order to improve the dynamic and steady-state performance of the electrohydraulic control system,a high-speed solenoid drive circuit with low power consumption was presented,which was based on pulse width modulation(PWM) by using dual voltage synthesized method.Unlike common dual power switching circuit,it synthesizes a dual voltage signal by combing a monostable trigger circuit,a reverse input summation circuit and a reverse proportional operation circuit,and then generates a pulse width modulation signal with dual duty ratio compared to a high frequency triangle wave signal,and finally outputs power by the amplifier.As a result,a PWM signal with 100% duty ratio in the initial stage achieves the armature in high speed by rapid current rise of solenoid coil,and the low power consumption is maintained with a 10% duty ratio after the end of the movement.It can avoid the complexity and real-time performance of dual power switching circuit design.Theoretical model of the high-speed solenoid and circuit is hence established,and the simulations regarding the dynamic and steady-state performance were verified by experimental results of the prototype.The results show that the performance of the drive circuit is obviously improved compared to typical constant voltage or constant duty cycle control method.The opening time,closing time,and the steady-state power consumption of solenoid are 10 ms,22 ms and 0.3W respectively within a stroke of 2.5mm,which better meet the drive requirements of high-speed solenoid with low power consumption.
In order to improve the dynamic and steady-state performance of the electrohydraulic control system,a high-speed solenoid drive circuit with low power consumption was presented,which was based on pulse width modulation(PWM) by using dual voltage synthesized method.Unlike common dual power switching circuit,it synthesizes a dual voltage signal by combing a monostable trigger circuit,a reverse input summation circuit and a reverse proportional operation circuit,and then generates a pulse width modulation signal with dual duty ratio compared to a high frequency triangle wave signal,and finally outputs power by the amplifier.As a result,a PWM signal with 100% duty ratio in the initial stage achieves the armature in high speed by rapid current rise of solenoid coil,and the low power consumption is maintained with a 10% duty ratio after the end of the movement.It can avoid the complexity and real-time performance of dual power switching circuit design.Theoretical model of the high-speed solenoid and circuit is hence established,and the simulations regarding the dynamic and steady-state performance were verified by experimental results of the prototype.The results show that the performance of the drive circuit is obviously improved compared to typical constant voltage or constant duty cycle control method.The opening time,closing time,and the steady-state power consumption of solenoid are 10 ms,22 ms and 0.3W respectively within a stroke of 2.5mm,which better meet the drive requirements of high-speed solenoid with low power consumption.
引文
[1]李勇,张策,申允德.大推程航天电连接器电磁分离机构的研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(5):128-134.Li Yong,Zhang Ce,Shen Yunde.The research on the electromagnetic separable mechanism for aerospace electric connector with large extending stroke[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(5):128-134.
[2]Bao J,Vrijsen N H,Gysen B L J,et al.Optimization of the force density for medium-stroke reluctance actuators[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2014,50(5):3194-3202.
[3]Man Jun,Ding Fan,Li Qipeng,et al.Novel highspeed electromagnetic actuator with permanentmagnet shielding for high-pressure applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2010,46(12):4030-4033.
[4]张婷婷.绿色技术:超低功耗电磁铁的创新研究--据浙江大学教授陶国良报告整理[J].液压气动与密封,2016,36(4):97-99.Zhang Tingting.Green technology:research on the innovation of solenoid with ultra low power consumption--according to the report from Tao Guoliang,a professor of Zhejiang university[J].Hydraulics Pneumatics&Seals,2016,36(4):97-99.
[5]Roemer D B,Bech M M,Johansen P,et al.Optimum design of a moving coil actuator for fast-switching valves in digital hydraulic pumps and motors[J].IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics,2015,20(6):2761-2770.
[6]杨文英,郭久威,王茹,等.继电器电磁机构电磁-热耦合模型建立与计算方法[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(13):169-177.Yang Wenying,Guo Jiuwei,Wang Ru,et al.Establishing and calculating methods of electromagneticthermal coupling model of relay's electromagnetic mechanism[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(13):169-177.
[7]杨庆新,李永建.先进电工磁性材料特性与应用发展研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(20):1-12.Yang Qingxin,Li Yongjian.Characteristics and developments of advanced magnetic materials in electrical engineering:a review[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(20):1-12.
[8]Li Liyi,Zhang Chengming,Yan Baiping,et al.Research of a giant magnetostrictive valve with internal cooling structure[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2011,47(10):2897-2900.
[9]Jeon J,Choi S B,Lee Y S.Wheel slip control of vehicle ABS using piezoactuator-based valve system[J].Advances in Mechanical Engineering,2014(1):1-13.
[10]陈俊全,王东,陈志华,等.面向舰船装备的电工软磁材料精细模拟技术综述[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(22):166-175.Chen Junquan,Wang Dong,Chen Zhihua,et al.Review of precise modeling technology of electrical soft magnetic material applied in vessel equipment[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(22):166-175.
[11]Kumar A,Kumar A,Banerjee N,et al.Study of the injector drive circuit for a high pressure GDIinjector[C]//International Conference on Recent Advances and Innovations in Engineering,Jaipur,2016:1-6.
[12]Cheng Qiang,Zhang Zhendong,Xie Nailiu.Power losses and dynamic response analysis of ultra-high speed solenoid injector within different driven strategies[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2015,91:611-621.
[13]郭树满,苏万华,刘二喜,等.基于自举电路的共轨喷油器驱动电路优化设计[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(5):11-15.Guo Shuman,Su Wanhua,Liu Erxi,et al.Optimization design of common-rail injector driving circuit based on bootstrap circuit[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2012,43(5):11-15.
[14]王琼,吴惠,夏光,等.基于PWM控制模式的高速开关阀开关特性分析及优化[J].合肥工业大学学报:自然科学版,2016,39(9):1199-1204.Wang Qiong,Wu Hui,Xia Guang,et al.Analysis and optimization of switching characteristics of high speed on-off solenoid value based on PWM control mode[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology:Natural Science,2016,39(9):1199-1204.
[15]田静.高速开关阀PWM控制电路的开发[J].中国民航大学学报,2003,21(6):26-30.Tian Jing.Development of PWM control circuit for high speed switch valve[J].Journal of Civil Aviation University of China,2003,21(6):26-30.
[16]陈仲华,赵文祥,张建,等.高推力永磁游标直线电机的开放式绕组SVPWM控制[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(2):210-218.Chen Zhonghua,Zhao Wenxiang,Zhang Jian,et al.SVPWM control for dual two-level inverter fed open-end winding high thrust permanent magnet vernier linear motor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(2):210-218.
[17]夏鲲,董斌,卢晶.一种基于电流反馈的分段式PWM控制无刷直流电机转矩波动抑制方法[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(17):172-179.Xia Kun,Dong Bin,Lu Jing.Research on hybrid PWM control method with current feedback for torque-ripple reduction in BLDCM[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(17):172-179.
[18]Lu Haifeng,Deng Jun,Hu Zongjie,et al.Impact of control methods on dynamic characteristic of high speed solenoid injectors[J].SAE International Journal of Engines,2014,7(3):1155-1164.
[19]汤龙飞,许志红.交流电磁阀智能控制模块设计[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(5):246-253.Tang Longfei,Xu Zhihong.Design of an intelligent control module for AC electromagnetic valves[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(5):246-253.
[20]张斌,钟麒,杨华勇.高速开关阀控制策略研究[J].液压与气动,2017(6):7-11.Zhang Bin,Zhong Qi,Yang Huayong.Control strategy of high speed on/off valve[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2017(6):7-11.
[21]Lee I Y.Switching response improvement of a high speed on/off solenoid valve by using a 3 power source type valve driving circuit[C]//IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology,Mumbai,2006:1823-1828.
[22]Li Yong,Cheng Taihong,Xuan Dongji,et al.Force characteristic of a magnetic actuator for separable electric connector based on conical airgap[J].Advances in Mechanical Engineering,2015,7(2):1-8.
[2]Bao J,Vrijsen N H,Gysen B L J,et al.Optimization of the force density for medium-stroke reluctance actuators[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2014,50(5):3194-3202.
[3]Man Jun,Ding Fan,Li Qipeng,et al.Novel highspeed electromagnetic actuator with permanentmagnet shielding for high-pressure applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2010,46(12):4030-4033.
[4]张婷婷.绿色技术:超低功耗电磁铁的创新研究--据浙江大学教授陶国良报告整理[J].液压气动与密封,2016,36(4):97-99.Zhang Tingting.Green technology:research on the innovation of solenoid with ultra low power consumption--according to the report from Tao Guoliang,a professor of Zhejiang university[J].Hydraulics Pneumatics&Seals,2016,36(4):97-99.
[5]Roemer D B,Bech M M,Johansen P,et al.Optimum design of a moving coil actuator for fast-switching valves in digital hydraulic pumps and motors[J].IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics,2015,20(6):2761-2770.
[6]杨文英,郭久威,王茹,等.继电器电磁机构电磁-热耦合模型建立与计算方法[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(13):169-177.Yang Wenying,Guo Jiuwei,Wang Ru,et al.Establishing and calculating methods of electromagneticthermal coupling model of relay's electromagnetic mechanism[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(13):169-177.
[7]杨庆新,李永建.先进电工磁性材料特性与应用发展研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(20):1-12.Yang Qingxin,Li Yongjian.Characteristics and developments of advanced magnetic materials in electrical engineering:a review[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(20):1-12.
[8]Li Liyi,Zhang Chengming,Yan Baiping,et al.Research of a giant magnetostrictive valve with internal cooling structure[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2011,47(10):2897-2900.
[9]Jeon J,Choi S B,Lee Y S.Wheel slip control of vehicle ABS using piezoactuator-based valve system[J].Advances in Mechanical Engineering,2014(1):1-13.
[10]陈俊全,王东,陈志华,等.面向舰船装备的电工软磁材料精细模拟技术综述[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(22):166-175.Chen Junquan,Wang Dong,Chen Zhihua,et al.Review of precise modeling technology of electrical soft magnetic material applied in vessel equipment[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(22):166-175.
[11]Kumar A,Kumar A,Banerjee N,et al.Study of the injector drive circuit for a high pressure GDIinjector[C]//International Conference on Recent Advances and Innovations in Engineering,Jaipur,2016:1-6.
[12]Cheng Qiang,Zhang Zhendong,Xie Nailiu.Power losses and dynamic response analysis of ultra-high speed solenoid injector within different driven strategies[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2015,91:611-621.
[13]郭树满,苏万华,刘二喜,等.基于自举电路的共轨喷油器驱动电路优化设计[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(5):11-15.Guo Shuman,Su Wanhua,Liu Erxi,et al.Optimization design of common-rail injector driving circuit based on bootstrap circuit[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2012,43(5):11-15.
[14]王琼,吴惠,夏光,等.基于PWM控制模式的高速开关阀开关特性分析及优化[J].合肥工业大学学报:自然科学版,2016,39(9):1199-1204.Wang Qiong,Wu Hui,Xia Guang,et al.Analysis and optimization of switching characteristics of high speed on-off solenoid value based on PWM control mode[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology:Natural Science,2016,39(9):1199-1204.
[15]田静.高速开关阀PWM控制电路的开发[J].中国民航大学学报,2003,21(6):26-30.Tian Jing.Development of PWM control circuit for high speed switch valve[J].Journal of Civil Aviation University of China,2003,21(6):26-30.
[16]陈仲华,赵文祥,张建,等.高推力永磁游标直线电机的开放式绕组SVPWM控制[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(2):210-218.Chen Zhonghua,Zhao Wenxiang,Zhang Jian,et al.SVPWM control for dual two-level inverter fed open-end winding high thrust permanent magnet vernier linear motor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(2):210-218.
[17]夏鲲,董斌,卢晶.一种基于电流反馈的分段式PWM控制无刷直流电机转矩波动抑制方法[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(17):172-179.Xia Kun,Dong Bin,Lu Jing.Research on hybrid PWM control method with current feedback for torque-ripple reduction in BLDCM[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(17):172-179.
[18]Lu Haifeng,Deng Jun,Hu Zongjie,et al.Impact of control methods on dynamic characteristic of high speed solenoid injectors[J].SAE International Journal of Engines,2014,7(3):1155-1164.
[19]汤龙飞,许志红.交流电磁阀智能控制模块设计[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(5):246-253.Tang Longfei,Xu Zhihong.Design of an intelligent control module for AC electromagnetic valves[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(5):246-253.
[20]张斌,钟麒,杨华勇.高速开关阀控制策略研究[J].液压与气动,2017(6):7-11.Zhang Bin,Zhong Qi,Yang Huayong.Control strategy of high speed on/off valve[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2017(6):7-11.
[21]Lee I Y.Switching response improvement of a high speed on/off solenoid valve by using a 3 power source type valve driving circuit[C]//IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology,Mumbai,2006:1823-1828.
[22]Li Yong,Cheng Taihong,Xuan Dongji,et al.Force characteristic of a magnetic actuator for separable electric connector based on conical airgap[J].Advances in Mechanical Engineering,2015,7(2):1-8.