油气运聚系数统计模型建立及其在低勘探程度盆地的应用
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摘要
油气运聚系数是指某一地质单元内石油和天然气资源量与生烃量之比,是油气资源评价的关键参数。随着近10年来勘探开发程度的逐步提高,积累了更多的刻度区和地质参数,奠定了进一步研究油气运聚系数的基础。对全国14个主要含油气盆地的86个油气刻度区进行解剖,以研究不同类型盆地油气运聚系数与地质参数之间的关系。分析结果表明,不同类型盆地的油气运聚系数均与主要生烃时间、储层百分含量、圈闭面积系数、区域不整合次数4项主控地质参数具有较为显著的相关关系。区域不整合次数对各类型盆地的油气运聚效率的影响始终最大;东部裂谷型盆地圈闭面积系数和储层百分含量的影响程度则较为接近,排在其后;中部克拉通型盆地与西部前陆型盆地分别以圈闭面积系数、主要生烃时间的影响程度次之。据此系统地建立了不同类型盆地石油和天然气的运聚系数统计模型。计算结果表明,统计模型的预测效果较为理想,可用于快速定量预测不同类型低勘探程度盆地的油气运聚系数,具有实用价值。
Oil and gas migration and accumulation coefficient, referring to the ratio of oil and gas resources to hydrocarbon generation in a certain geological unit, is a key parameter for oil and gas resources evaluation. With the increasing improvement of exploration and development level over the last decade, more calibrated units and geological parameters have been accumulated, which lay a foundation for further researches on the oil and gas migration and accumulation coefficients. This paper analyzes the geological parameters of 86 calibrated units in 14 major petroliferous basins in China, studies the relationship between the oil and gas migration and accumulation coefficients and geological parameters in different types of basins. The results indicate that the oil and gas migration and accumulation coefficients in different types of basins are correlated with the primary hydrocarbon generation time, the reservoir thickness ratio, the trap area coefficient and the number of regional unconformities. For all types of basins, the number of regional unconformities has the greatest impact on the oil and gas migration and accumulation efficiency. For rift basins in eastern China, the influence of the trap area coefficient on the oil and gas migration and accumulation efficiency is close to that of the reservoir thickness ratio, lower than the impact of the number of regional unconformities.Besides the influence of the number of regional unconformities, craton basins of central China and foreland basins of western China are secondarily affected by the trap area coefficient and the primary hydrocarbon generation time separately. Based on these conclusions, the statistical models of the oil and gas migration and accumulation coefficients in different types of basins are systematically established. The calculation indicates that the forecast of statistical models is accurate. Accordingly, the statistical models can be used to forecast the oil and gas migration and accumulation coefficients in different types of frontier exploration basins quickly and quantitatively.
Oil and gas migration and accumulation coefficient, referring to the ratio of oil and gas resources to hydrocarbon generation in a certain geological unit, is a key parameter for oil and gas resources evaluation. With the increasing improvement of exploration and development level over the last decade, more calibrated units and geological parameters have been accumulated, which lay a foundation for further researches on the oil and gas migration and accumulation coefficients. This paper analyzes the geological parameters of 86 calibrated units in 14 major petroliferous basins in China, studies the relationship between the oil and gas migration and accumulation coefficients and geological parameters in different types of basins. The results indicate that the oil and gas migration and accumulation coefficients in different types of basins are correlated with the primary hydrocarbon generation time, the reservoir thickness ratio, the trap area coefficient and the number of regional unconformities. For all types of basins, the number of regional unconformities has the greatest impact on the oil and gas migration and accumulation efficiency. For rift basins in eastern China, the influence of the trap area coefficient on the oil and gas migration and accumulation efficiency is close to that of the reservoir thickness ratio, lower than the impact of the number of regional unconformities.Besides the influence of the number of regional unconformities, craton basins of central China and foreland basins of western China are secondarily affected by the trap area coefficient and the primary hydrocarbon generation time separately. Based on these conclusions, the statistical models of the oil and gas migration and accumulation coefficients in different types of basins are systematically established. The calculation indicates that the forecast of statistical models is accurate. Accordingly, the statistical models can be used to forecast the oil and gas migration and accumulation coefficients in different types of frontier exploration basins quickly and quantitatively.
引文
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[4]宋振响,陆建林,周卓明,王保华,杨昊.常规油气资源评价方法研究进展与发展方向[J].中国石油勘探,2017,22(3):21-31.Song Zhenxiang,Lu Jianlin,Zhou Zhuoming,Wang Baohua,Yang Hao.Research progress and future development of assessment methods for conventional hydrocarbon resources[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2017,22(3):21-31.
[5]郭秋麟,刘继丰,陈宁生,吴晓智,任洪佳,卫延召,等.三维油气输导体系网格建模与运聚模拟技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2018,45(6):1-13.Guo Qiulin,Liu Jifeng,Chen Ningsheng,Wu Xiaozhi,Ren Hongjia,Wei Yanzhao,et al.Mesh model building and migration and accumulation simulation of 3D hydrocarbon carrier system[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2018,45(6):1-13.
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[7]宋国奇.多因素油气聚集系数的研究方法及其应用[J].石油实验地质,2002,24(2):168-171.Song Guoqi.Study and application of the coefficient of hydrocarbon accumulation determined by multifactors[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2002,24(2):168-171.
[8]任来义,王运所,许化政,张玉体,邓君.东濮凹陷濮城下第三系含油气系统运聚系数研究[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(3):245-249.Ren Laiyi,Wang Yunsuo,Xu Huazheng,Zhang Yuti,Deng Jun.Study on the accumulation factor of the petroleum system of the Lower Tertiary in the Pucheng area,Dongpu depression[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2005,27(3):245-249.
[9]张延东,罗小平,刘守川,鲜志尧.油气资源评价关键参数研究进展[J].重庆科技学院学报:自然科学版,2011,13(6):81-84.Zhang Yandong,Luo Xiaoping,Liu Shouchuan,Xian Zhiyao.Research and development of key parameters of the oil and gas evaluation[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology:Natural Sciences Edition,2011,13(6):81-84.
[10]刘成林,刘人和,罗霞,谢增业,李剑,曾庆猛.天然气资源评价重点参数研究[J].沉积学报,2004,22(增刊1):79-83.Liu Chenglin,Liu Renhe,Luo Xia,Xie Zengye,Li Jian,Zeng Qingmeng.Study on key parameters of natural gas resource assessment[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2004,22(S1):79-83.
[11]左胜杰,贾瑞忠,庞雄奇,金之钧.济阳坳陷石油运聚效率定量预测方法及应用[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2005,20(4):17-20,96.Zuo Shengjie,Jia Ruizhong,Pang Xiongqi,Jin Zhijun.Quantitatively predicting method of petroleum migration&accumulation coefficient and its application in Jiyang depression[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Natural Science Edition,2005,20(4):17-20,96.
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[13]周总瑛.我国东部断陷盆地石油排聚系数统计模型的建立[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(1):9-12.Zhou Zongying.Establishment of statistical model for oil migration and accumulation coefficients of rift basins in east China[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(1):9-12.
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