车辆行星轮轴向滑动支承沟槽型织构润滑特性分析
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摘要
在车辆旋转轴向滑动支承表面加工不同槽型微米级的沟槽,包括椭圆形槽、圆弧槽、三角形槽、梯形槽和矩形槽,利用流体流经浅槽表面产生流体动压力来减小摩擦。在考虑空化和流体惯性影响下,通过数值求解基于质量守恒边界条件的不可压缩定常Reynolds方程,分析不同槽型的结构参数(槽数、槽宽比、径向宽度)和工况参数(转速、槽深比)对润滑性能的影响。结果表明:研究的5种槽型的承载力由大到小依次为三角形、圆弧形、梯形、椭圆形和矩形;增加槽宽比、槽深比、径向宽度有利于降低润滑油温升,而增加槽深比则有利于降低空化率;研究的5种槽型中,矩形槽的润滑油温升最低且润滑流量最大,梯形槽的空化率较小。
In order to reduce friction by using the hydrodynamic pressure generated by the fluid flowing through the shallow groove,different micron grooves were machined on the surface of bidirectional rotating axial sliding support of the vehicle,including elliptical groove,arc groove,triangular groove,trapezoidal groove and rectangular groove. Considering the effects of cavitation and fluid inertia,the incompressible unsteady Reynolds equation based on the mass conserving boundary condition was solved by numerical method,the effects of the structural parameters of different groove( groove number,groove width ratio,radial width) and operating parameters( speed,groove depth ratio) on the lubrication performance were analyzed. The results show that,among the five types of grooves,the triangular groove has the largest bearing capacity,following by circular arc,trapezoid,ellipse and rectangle. It is beneficial to reduce the temperature rise of lubricating oil by increasing the groove width ratio,groove depth ratio and radial width,and it is helpful to reduce the cavitation rate by increasing the groove depth ratio. Among the five types of grooves,the rectangular groove has the biggest flow rate of lubricating oil and the temperature rise of lubricating oil is the lowest,while the trapezoidal groove has smaller cavitation rate.
In order to reduce friction by using the hydrodynamic pressure generated by the fluid flowing through the shallow groove,different micron grooves were machined on the surface of bidirectional rotating axial sliding support of the vehicle,including elliptical groove,arc groove,triangular groove,trapezoidal groove and rectangular groove. Considering the effects of cavitation and fluid inertia,the incompressible unsteady Reynolds equation based on the mass conserving boundary condition was solved by numerical method,the effects of the structural parameters of different groove( groove number,groove width ratio,radial width) and operating parameters( speed,groove depth ratio) on the lubrication performance were analyzed. The results show that,among the five types of grooves,the triangular groove has the largest bearing capacity,following by circular arc,trapezoid,ellipse and rectangle. It is beneficial to reduce the temperature rise of lubricating oil by increasing the groove width ratio,groove depth ratio and radial width,and it is helpful to reduce the cavitation rate by increasing the groove depth ratio. Among the five types of grooves,the rectangular groove has the biggest flow rate of lubricating oil and the temperature rise of lubricating oil is the lowest,while the trapezoidal groove has smaller cavitation rate.
引文
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【14】XIONG S,WANG Q J.Steady-state hydrodynamic lubrication modeled with the Payvar-Salant mass conservation model[J].Journal of Tribology,2012,134(3):308-314.
【2】RIGHLMIRE G K,BILL R G,ANDERSON H G.On the flow perturbations and friction reduction introduced by surface dimples[C]//DOWSON D,TAYLOR C M,GODE L M,et al.Interface Dynamics:Proceedings of the 14th Leeds-Lyon Symposium on Tribology.Leeds:The University of Leeds,1988:139-143.
【3】陈汇龙,付杰,李述林,等.螺旋槽上游泵送机械密封端面间液膜压力脉动特性[J].排灌机械工程学报,2015,33(6):504-509.CHEN H L,FU J,LI S L,et al.Pressure fluctuation characteristic of mechanical face sealing clearance of spiral groove in upstream pumping.[J].Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering,2015,33(6):504-509.
【4】胡纪滨,刘丁华,魏超.径向直线槽端面密封空化特性数值模拟[J].摩擦学学报,2011,31(6):551-556.HU J B,LIU D H,WEI C.Numerical simulation for cavitation of radial grooved face seals[J].Tribology,2011,31(6):551-556.
【5】赵一民.车用微槽型旋转密封环润滑状态预测与动态特性研究[D].北京:北京理工大学,2016.
【6】KIM T H,LEE T W.Design optimization of gas foil thrust bearings for maximum load capacity[C]//ASME Turbo Expo 2015:Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition.Quebec:ASME,2015.
【7】石卓,徐国平,陆晓峰,等.机械密封椭圆微孔端面动力润滑性能[J].润滑与密封,2013,38(6):81-85.SHI Z,XU G P,LU X F,et al.Hydrodynamic lubrication of mechanical seal surface with ellipse microdimple[J].Lubrication Engineering,2013,38(6):81-85.
【8】邹龙庆,韩世杰,郭凤,等.变截面旋转流体动压密封油膜厚度的近似计算[J].机床与液压,2013,40(3):77-79.ZOU L Q,HAN S J,GUO F,et al.Approximate compution on oil film thickness of variable cross-section rotating hydrodynamic seal[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2013,40(3):77-79.
【9】王宏伟,马彪,赵喜敬,等.高转速行星齿轮止推垫圈流体动压润滑特性[J].排灌机械工程学报,2012,30(1):69-74.WANG H W,MA B,ZHAO X J,et al.Hydrodynamic lubrication characteristics of planet gear thrust washer used in high-speed planetary transmission[J].Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering,2012,30(1):69-74.
【10】尹明虎,陈国定,高当成,等.微织构特征对径向滑动轴承动特性的影响[J].西北工业大学学报,2015,33(4):658-664.YIN M H,CHEN G D,GAO D C,et al.Effects of micro texture on the dynamic characteristics of journal bearing[J].Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University,2015,33(4):658-664.
【11】YU T H,SADEGHI F.Groove effects on thrust washer lubrication[J].Journal of Tribology,2001,123(2):295-304.
【12】PAYVAR P,SALANT R F.A computational method for cavitation in a wavy mechanical seal[J].Journal of Tribology,1992,114(1):199-204.
【13】ELROD H G.A cavitation algorithm[J].Journal of Tribology,1981,103(3):350-354.
【14】XIONG S,WANG Q J.Steady-state hydrodynamic lubrication modeled with the Payvar-Salant mass conservation model[J].Journal of Tribology,2012,134(3):308-314.