沂河流域土地利用时空变化图谱特征分析
|
摘要
基于沂河流域1995年、2005年和2015年土地利用空间数据,运用地学信息图谱方法构建1995-2005年和2005-2015年两个时序单元的土地利用转移图谱和涨落势图谱,分析了沂河流域近20年来的土地利用时空变化规律及发展过程。结果表明:(1)1995-2015年,沂河流域土地利用结构以耕地和林地为主,其中耕地和草地减少,林地和建设用地增加是主要变化趋势。(2)土地利用转移图谱以耕地与林地、草地之间的相互转换以及建设用地占用耕地为主,林地、草地转变为耕地主要发生在费县和平邑县中部地势平缓的山前平原,耕地转变为林地、草地则主要分布于研究区北部和西南部土壤侵蚀较为严重的山区,耕地转变为建设用地主要集中在各县市城区周边经济相对发达的区域。两个时序单元中,发生变化的主要图谱单元类型及面积存在显著差异,2005-2015年土地利用发生转换的空间进一步扩张。(3)土地利用涨势图谱中新增耕地面积最大,占新增面积的比例为33.87%;落势图谱中耕地萎缩面积最大,占萎缩面积的比例为51.38%。两个时序单元中,各县市涨落势图谱变化存在明显差异。该研究可为沂河流域土地资源的可持续利用及生态建设提供科学依据。
Research on the land use change in the Yihe River Basin is of great significance to the comprehensive management of regional ecological environment, rational exploitation of land resources and conservation of soil and water. Based on spatial data of land use covering three periods(1995, 2005, 2015) in the Yihe River Basin, this paper used geo-information TUPU methods to build transition TUPU and fluctuation TUPU of land use at two stages(1995-2005, 2005-2015) supported by 3 S technology. Then the spatial-temporal change characteristics, laws and development process of land use in recent 20 years in the study area are discussed. The results showed that:(1) From 1995 to 2015, the land use structure in the Yihe River Basin was dominated by cultivated land and forest land, among which the decrease in cultivated land and grassland and the increase in forest land and construction land were the main change trends.(2) The transition TUPU of land use was dominated by the conversion of cultivated land, forest land and grassland, and the occupation of cultivated land by construction land. The conversion of forest land and grassland to cultivated land mainly occurred in the plains of the central part of Feixian county and Pingyi county. The conversion of cultivated land to forest land and grassland was mainly found in the mountainous areas where soil erosion was more serious in the north and southwest of the study area. The conversion of cultivated land to construction land was mainly concentrated in the regions with relatively developed economy around the urban areas of counties and cities. Between the two stages, there were significant differences in the types and areas of the main TUPU units that have changed. The space of land use conversion between 2005 and 2015 was further expanded.(3) In the rising TUPU of land use, the area of newly added cultivated land was the largest, accounting for33.87% of the newly added area. Moreover, in the falling TUPU of land use, the area of decreased cultivated land was the largest, accounting for 51.38% of shrinking area. In the two sequential elements, there were significant differences in the changes in the rising TUPU and falling TUPU of each county. This study can provide a scientific basis for the sustainable utilization of land resources and ecological construction in the Yihe River Basin.
Research on the land use change in the Yihe River Basin is of great significance to the comprehensive management of regional ecological environment, rational exploitation of land resources and conservation of soil and water. Based on spatial data of land use covering three periods(1995, 2005, 2015) in the Yihe River Basin, this paper used geo-information TUPU methods to build transition TUPU and fluctuation TUPU of land use at two stages(1995-2005, 2005-2015) supported by 3 S technology. Then the spatial-temporal change characteristics, laws and development process of land use in recent 20 years in the study area are discussed. The results showed that:(1) From 1995 to 2015, the land use structure in the Yihe River Basin was dominated by cultivated land and forest land, among which the decrease in cultivated land and grassland and the increase in forest land and construction land were the main change trends.(2) The transition TUPU of land use was dominated by the conversion of cultivated land, forest land and grassland, and the occupation of cultivated land by construction land. The conversion of forest land and grassland to cultivated land mainly occurred in the plains of the central part of Feixian county and Pingyi county. The conversion of cultivated land to forest land and grassland was mainly found in the mountainous areas where soil erosion was more serious in the north and southwest of the study area. The conversion of cultivated land to construction land was mainly concentrated in the regions with relatively developed economy around the urban areas of counties and cities. Between the two stages, there were significant differences in the types and areas of the main TUPU units that have changed. The space of land use conversion between 2005 and 2015 was further expanded.(3) In the rising TUPU of land use, the area of newly added cultivated land was the largest, accounting for33.87% of the newly added area. Moreover, in the falling TUPU of land use, the area of decreased cultivated land was the largest, accounting for 51.38% of shrinking area. In the two sequential elements, there were significant differences in the changes in the rising TUPU and falling TUPU of each county. This study can provide a scientific basis for the sustainable utilization of land resources and ecological construction in the Yihe River Basin.
引文
[1]李秀彬.全球环境变化研究的核心领域:土地利用/土地覆被变化的国际研究动向.地理学报, 1996, 51(5):553-557.[LI X B. A review of the international researches on land use/land cover change. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1996, 51(5):553-557.]
[2]刘永强,龙花楼.黄淮海平原农区土地利用转型及其动力机制.地理学报, 2016, 71(4):666-679.[LIU Y Q, LONG H L. Land use transition and their dynamic mechanism in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(4):666-679.]
[3] LIU J Y, LIU M L, TIAN H Q, et al. Spatial and temporal patterns of China's cropland during 1990-2000:Analysis based on Landsat TM data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2005, 98:442-456.
[4] LIU J Y, ZHANG Z X, XU X L, et al. Spatial patterns and driving forces of land use change in China during the early21stcentury. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2010, 20(4):483-494.
[5]刘纪远,匡文慧,张增祥,等. 20世纪80年代末以来中国土地利用变化的基本特征与空间格局.地理学报, 2014, 69(1):3-14.[LIU J Y, KUANG W H, ZHANG Z X, et al. Spatiotemporal characteristics, patterns and causes of land use changes in China since the late 1980s. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(1):3-14.]
[6]庄大方,刘纪远.中国土地利用程度的区域分异模型研究.自然资源学报, 1997, 12(2):105-111.[ZHUANG D F, LIU J Y. Study on the model of regional differentiation of land use degree in China. Journal of Natural Resources, 1997, 12(2):105-111.]
[7]刘盛和,何书金.土地利用动态变化的空间分析测算模型.自然资源学报, 2002, 17(5):533-540.[LIU S H, HE S J. A spatial analysis model for measuring the rate of land use change. Journal of Natural Resources, 2002, 17(5):533-540.]
[8]罗娅,杨胜天,刘晓燕,等.黄河河口镇—潼关区间1998-2010年土地利用变化特征.地理学报, 2014, 69(1):42-53.[LUO Y, YANG S T, LIU X Y, et al. Land use change in the reach from Hekouzhen to Tongguan of the Yellow River during 1998-2010. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(1):42-53.]
[9]王越,宋戈.松嫩高平原土地利用格局变化时间尺度特征研究.自然资源学报, 2017, 32(10):1797-1807.[WANG Y,SONG G. Study on time scales characteristics of land use pattern change in Songnen High Plain. Journal of Natural Resources, 2017, 32(10):1797-1807.]
[10]戴声佩,张勃.基于CLUE-S模型的黑河中游土地利用情景模拟研究:以张掖市甘州区为例.自然资源学报, 2013,28(2):336-348.[DAI S P, ZHANG B. Land use change scenarios simulation in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin based on CLUE-S model:A case of Ganzhou district of Zhangye city. Journal of Natural Resources, 2013, 28(2):336-348.]
[11]赵锐锋,王福红,张丽华,等.黑河中游地区耕地景观演变及社会经济驱动力分析.地理科学, 2017, 37(6):920-928.[ZHAO R F, WANG F H, ZHANG L H, et al. Dynamic of farmland landscape and its socioeconomic driving forces in the middle reaches of the Heihe River. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2017, 37(6):920-928.]
[12]陈述彭,岳天祥.地学信息图谱研究及其应用.地理研究, 2000, 19(4):337-343.[CHEN S P, YUE T X. Studies on Geo-Informatic Tupu and its application. Geographical Research, 2000, 19(4):337-343.]
[13]任春颖,刘湘南.区域土地利用变化信息图谱模型研究.地理与地理信息科学, 2004, 20(6):13-17.[REN C Y, LIU X N. Research on Geo-Informatic Tupu model of regional land use change. Geography and Geo-Information Science,2004, 20(6):13-17.]
[14]胡文英,角媛梅,范弢.哈尼梯田土地利用空间格局及其变化的信息图谱研究.地理科学, 2008, 28(3):419-424.[HU W Y, JIAO Y M, FAN T. Research on information Tupu of land use spatial pattern and its change in Hani terraced fields. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2008, 28(3):419-424.]
[15]张国坤,邓伟,张洪岩,等.新开河流域土地利用格局变化图谱分析.地理学报, 2010, 65(9):1111-1120.[ZHANG G K, DENG W, ZHANG H Y, et al. The Tupu analysis of land use pattern in Xinkai River Basin. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2010, 65(9):1111-1120.]
[16]叶庆华,刘高焕,陆洲,等.基于GIS的时空复合体:土地利用图谱模型研究方法.地理科学进展, 2002, 21(4):349-357.[YE Q H, LIU G H, LU Z, et al. Research of Tupu and land use/land cover change based on GIS. Progress in Geography, 2002, 21(4):349-357.]
[17]王金亮,邵景安,李阳兵.近20 a三峡库区农林地利用变化图谱特征分析.自然资源学报, 2015, 30(2):235-247.[WANG J L, SHAO J A, LI Y B. Geo-spectrum based analysis of crop and forest land use change in the recent 20 years in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Journal of Natural Resources, 2015, 30(2):235-247.]
[18]陆汝成,黄贤金,左天惠,等.经济快速增长区土地利用信息图谱构建:以江苏省环太湖地区为例.资源科学, 2009, 31(7):1133-1141.[LU R C, HUANG X J, ZUO T H, et al. Construction of land use information Tupu in the rapidly developing regions:A case study of the surrounding regions of Taihu Lake in Jiangsu province. Resources Science, 2009, 31(7):1133-1141.]
[19]马士彬,张勇荣,安裕伦.山区城市土地利用动态空间分布特征:以贵州省六盘水市为例.自然资源学报, 2012, 27(3):489-496.[MA S B, ZHANG Y R, AN Y L. Spatial pattern of urban land use in the mountain area:A case study of Liupanshui in Guizhou province. Journal of Natural Resources, 2012, 27(3):489-496.]
[20]李子君,林锦阔,姜爱霞,等.沂河流域1961-2010年降雨侵蚀力时空分布特征.水土保持通报, 2017, 37(3):86-92.[LI Z J, LIN J K, JIANG A X, et al. Spatio-temporal variations characteristics of rainfall erosivity during 1961-2010 in Yihe Basin. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017, 37(3):86-92.]
[2]刘永强,龙花楼.黄淮海平原农区土地利用转型及其动力机制.地理学报, 2016, 71(4):666-679.[LIU Y Q, LONG H L. Land use transition and their dynamic mechanism in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(4):666-679.]
[3] LIU J Y, LIU M L, TIAN H Q, et al. Spatial and temporal patterns of China's cropland during 1990-2000:Analysis based on Landsat TM data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2005, 98:442-456.
[4] LIU J Y, ZHANG Z X, XU X L, et al. Spatial patterns and driving forces of land use change in China during the early21stcentury. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2010, 20(4):483-494.
[5]刘纪远,匡文慧,张增祥,等. 20世纪80年代末以来中国土地利用变化的基本特征与空间格局.地理学报, 2014, 69(1):3-14.[LIU J Y, KUANG W H, ZHANG Z X, et al. Spatiotemporal characteristics, patterns and causes of land use changes in China since the late 1980s. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(1):3-14.]
[6]庄大方,刘纪远.中国土地利用程度的区域分异模型研究.自然资源学报, 1997, 12(2):105-111.[ZHUANG D F, LIU J Y. Study on the model of regional differentiation of land use degree in China. Journal of Natural Resources, 1997, 12(2):105-111.]
[7]刘盛和,何书金.土地利用动态变化的空间分析测算模型.自然资源学报, 2002, 17(5):533-540.[LIU S H, HE S J. A spatial analysis model for measuring the rate of land use change. Journal of Natural Resources, 2002, 17(5):533-540.]
[8]罗娅,杨胜天,刘晓燕,等.黄河河口镇—潼关区间1998-2010年土地利用变化特征.地理学报, 2014, 69(1):42-53.[LUO Y, YANG S T, LIU X Y, et al. Land use change in the reach from Hekouzhen to Tongguan of the Yellow River during 1998-2010. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(1):42-53.]
[9]王越,宋戈.松嫩高平原土地利用格局变化时间尺度特征研究.自然资源学报, 2017, 32(10):1797-1807.[WANG Y,SONG G. Study on time scales characteristics of land use pattern change in Songnen High Plain. Journal of Natural Resources, 2017, 32(10):1797-1807.]
[10]戴声佩,张勃.基于CLUE-S模型的黑河中游土地利用情景模拟研究:以张掖市甘州区为例.自然资源学报, 2013,28(2):336-348.[DAI S P, ZHANG B. Land use change scenarios simulation in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin based on CLUE-S model:A case of Ganzhou district of Zhangye city. Journal of Natural Resources, 2013, 28(2):336-348.]
[11]赵锐锋,王福红,张丽华,等.黑河中游地区耕地景观演变及社会经济驱动力分析.地理科学, 2017, 37(6):920-928.[ZHAO R F, WANG F H, ZHANG L H, et al. Dynamic of farmland landscape and its socioeconomic driving forces in the middle reaches of the Heihe River. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2017, 37(6):920-928.]
[12]陈述彭,岳天祥.地学信息图谱研究及其应用.地理研究, 2000, 19(4):337-343.[CHEN S P, YUE T X. Studies on Geo-Informatic Tupu and its application. Geographical Research, 2000, 19(4):337-343.]
[13]任春颖,刘湘南.区域土地利用变化信息图谱模型研究.地理与地理信息科学, 2004, 20(6):13-17.[REN C Y, LIU X N. Research on Geo-Informatic Tupu model of regional land use change. Geography and Geo-Information Science,2004, 20(6):13-17.]
[14]胡文英,角媛梅,范弢.哈尼梯田土地利用空间格局及其变化的信息图谱研究.地理科学, 2008, 28(3):419-424.[HU W Y, JIAO Y M, FAN T. Research on information Tupu of land use spatial pattern and its change in Hani terraced fields. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2008, 28(3):419-424.]
[15]张国坤,邓伟,张洪岩,等.新开河流域土地利用格局变化图谱分析.地理学报, 2010, 65(9):1111-1120.[ZHANG G K, DENG W, ZHANG H Y, et al. The Tupu analysis of land use pattern in Xinkai River Basin. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2010, 65(9):1111-1120.]
[16]叶庆华,刘高焕,陆洲,等.基于GIS的时空复合体:土地利用图谱模型研究方法.地理科学进展, 2002, 21(4):349-357.[YE Q H, LIU G H, LU Z, et al. Research of Tupu and land use/land cover change based on GIS. Progress in Geography, 2002, 21(4):349-357.]
[17]王金亮,邵景安,李阳兵.近20 a三峡库区农林地利用变化图谱特征分析.自然资源学报, 2015, 30(2):235-247.[WANG J L, SHAO J A, LI Y B. Geo-spectrum based analysis of crop and forest land use change in the recent 20 years in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Journal of Natural Resources, 2015, 30(2):235-247.]
[18]陆汝成,黄贤金,左天惠,等.经济快速增长区土地利用信息图谱构建:以江苏省环太湖地区为例.资源科学, 2009, 31(7):1133-1141.[LU R C, HUANG X J, ZUO T H, et al. Construction of land use information Tupu in the rapidly developing regions:A case study of the surrounding regions of Taihu Lake in Jiangsu province. Resources Science, 2009, 31(7):1133-1141.]
[19]马士彬,张勇荣,安裕伦.山区城市土地利用动态空间分布特征:以贵州省六盘水市为例.自然资源学报, 2012, 27(3):489-496.[MA S B, ZHANG Y R, AN Y L. Spatial pattern of urban land use in the mountain area:A case study of Liupanshui in Guizhou province. Journal of Natural Resources, 2012, 27(3):489-496.]
[20]李子君,林锦阔,姜爱霞,等.沂河流域1961-2010年降雨侵蚀力时空分布特征.水土保持通报, 2017, 37(3):86-92.[LI Z J, LIN J K, JIANG A X, et al. Spatio-temporal variations characteristics of rainfall erosivity during 1961-2010 in Yihe Basin. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017, 37(3):86-92.]