贵州省卫生人力资源配置公平性分析
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摘要
目的:探讨贵州省卫生人力资源配置的公平性,为卫生行政部门决策提供依据。方法:采用基尼系数和泰尔指数分析贵州省卫生人力资源配置的公平性。结果:贵阳市每千人口和每平方千米的卫生资源除了乡村医生和卫生员外,其余指标明显高于其他市(州)。2011-2016年各类卫生资源按人口配置的基尼系数处于0.3以下,为相对平均(或高度平均);按地理配置的基尼系数均在0.4以下,配置相对合理(或相对平均);6年期间卫生资源的基尼系数基本处于下降趋势。卫生人力资源的泰尔指数在0.010-0.047之间,卫生人力资源的不公平性主要来自于区域间。结论:贵州省卫生资源总体缺口明显,应继续加大投入,引进卫生人才。卫生资源按人口配置的公平性优于按地理分布的公平性,基尼系数基本处于下降趋势;区域间的差异是卫生人力资源不公平的主要原因,应对少数民族地区进行倾斜,逐渐缩小地区间的差距。
Objective: To explore the fairness of the allocation of health human resources in Guizhou Province, and provide a scientific basis for the health authorities to make decisions. Methods: The statistical description, Gini coefficient and Theil index were used to analyze the fairness of health human resources allocation in Guizhou Province. Results: The per capita and per square kilometer of health resources of Guiyang City were significantly higher than other cities(states), except for rural doctors and health workers. The Gini coefficient of each health resource according to population was below 0.3, which was the relative average(or highly average), geographically configured Gini coefficients were below 0.4, the configuration was relatively reasonable(or relative average), and the Gini coefficient of health resources during the six-year period was still in a downward trend. The health index of the human resources was between 0.010 and 0.047, and the unfairness of human resources for health came mainly from the interregional difference. Conclusion: The overall gap in health resources in Guizhou Province is obvious. We should continue to increase investment in the introduction of health personnel. The distribution of health resources according to the geographical distribution fairness is relatively poor according to the population distribution, and the Gini coefficient is basically in a downward trend. Regional differences are the main reason for the unfairness of health human resources. The minority areas should be tilted and the gaps between regions should be narrowed.
Objective: To explore the fairness of the allocation of health human resources in Guizhou Province, and provide a scientific basis for the health authorities to make decisions. Methods: The statistical description, Gini coefficient and Theil index were used to analyze the fairness of health human resources allocation in Guizhou Province. Results: The per capita and per square kilometer of health resources of Guiyang City were significantly higher than other cities(states), except for rural doctors and health workers. The Gini coefficient of each health resource according to population was below 0.3, which was the relative average(or highly average), geographically configured Gini coefficients were below 0.4, the configuration was relatively reasonable(or relative average), and the Gini coefficient of health resources during the six-year period was still in a downward trend. The health index of the human resources was between 0.010 and 0.047, and the unfairness of human resources for health came mainly from the interregional difference. Conclusion: The overall gap in health resources in Guizhou Province is obvious. We should continue to increase investment in the introduction of health personnel. The distribution of health resources according to the geographical distribution fairness is relatively poor according to the population distribution, and the Gini coefficient is basically in a downward trend. Regional differences are the main reason for the unfairness of health human resources. The minority areas should be tilted and the gaps between regions should be narrowed.
引文
[1]宋宿杭,孟庆跃.我国新医改前后卫生资源配置公平性分析 [J].中国卫生政策研究,2017,10(9):46-50.
[2]王平平,李晶华,孔璇,等.2006-2013年吉林省卫生资源配置公平性分析 [J].中国卫生资源,2016,19(1):52-55.
[3]戴璟,王文彦,李小涵,等.2008-2014年云南省基本医疗卫生资源区域配置差异性及包容性增长分析[J].医学与社会,2017,30(1):12-14.
[4]崔俊丹,田庆丰,鲁评,等.基于基尼系数和泰尔指数的河南省卫生计生资源配置公平性研究 [J].现代预防医学,2018,45(1):71-74.
[5]张娜娜,高山,郑慧凌,等.基于基尼系数和泰尔指数的江苏省卫生资源配置公平性分析 [J].医学与社会,2018,31(8):11-13.
[6]张小娟,朱坤.2004—2015 年我国卫生人力资源配置公平性趋势研究 [J].中国全科医学,2018,21(1):82-87.
[7]林金雄,龚静,申树群.“十二五”期间广东省医疗卫生资源配置的公平性研究 [J].现代预防医学,2018,45(6):1048-1051.
[8]汪俊华,黄文湧,杨敬源,等.贵州省2007-2010年卫生资源配置状况及公平性研究 [J].贵州医药,2012年,36(4):346-348.
[9]柴源,张玉琼,张列强,等.2010-2015年贵州省卫生资源配置公平性趋势分析 [J].现代预防医学,2017,44(17):3150-3153.
[10]臧芝红.基于泰尔指数的我国卫生资源配置区域公平性研究 [J].卫生经济研究,2017(5):32-35.
[2]王平平,李晶华,孔璇,等.2006-2013年吉林省卫生资源配置公平性分析 [J].中国卫生资源,2016,19(1):52-55.
[3]戴璟,王文彦,李小涵,等.2008-2014年云南省基本医疗卫生资源区域配置差异性及包容性增长分析[J].医学与社会,2017,30(1):12-14.
[4]崔俊丹,田庆丰,鲁评,等.基于基尼系数和泰尔指数的河南省卫生计生资源配置公平性研究 [J].现代预防医学,2018,45(1):71-74.
[5]张娜娜,高山,郑慧凌,等.基于基尼系数和泰尔指数的江苏省卫生资源配置公平性分析 [J].医学与社会,2018,31(8):11-13.
[6]张小娟,朱坤.2004—2015 年我国卫生人力资源配置公平性趋势研究 [J].中国全科医学,2018,21(1):82-87.
[7]林金雄,龚静,申树群.“十二五”期间广东省医疗卫生资源配置的公平性研究 [J].现代预防医学,2018,45(6):1048-1051.
[8]汪俊华,黄文湧,杨敬源,等.贵州省2007-2010年卫生资源配置状况及公平性研究 [J].贵州医药,2012年,36(4):346-348.
[9]柴源,张玉琼,张列强,等.2010-2015年贵州省卫生资源配置公平性趋势分析 [J].现代预防医学,2017,44(17):3150-3153.
[10]臧芝红.基于泰尔指数的我国卫生资源配置区域公平性研究 [J].卫生经济研究,2017(5):32-35.