聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/石蜡微胶囊的制备与性能
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摘要
采用悬浮聚合法制备以甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壁材,58~#石蜡为芯材的相变微胶囊。考察了乳化剂和引发剂的质量分数以及芯壁比对微胶囊性能的影响,采用傅立叶红外光谱仪、场发射扫描电镜、差示扫描量热仪、热重分析等手段对微胶囊的化学结构、表观形貌、储热性能以及热稳定性等进行了表征。结果表明,乳化剂PVP和引发剂AIBN质量分数为7.0%、3.9%时,微胶囊的形貌最佳;芯壁比为3∶1制备的微胶囊呈规则球形、表面光滑、具有较高的相变焓,相变潜热为126.97 J/g,芯材石蜡质量分数为85.4%,储热性能和热稳定性好。
The phase change microcapsules with methyl methacrylate as the shell material and 58~# paraffin as the core material were prepared by suspension polymerization. The effects of some factors on the properties of the microcapsules were studied, such as the amounts of emulsifiers and initiators, the mass ratios of the core and shell materials. Chemical compositions, surface morphologies, thermal properties and stabilities of the microcapsules were characterized by Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), respectively. The results showed that when the mass fractions of emulsifier PVP and initiator AIBN were 7.0% and3.9%, respectively, the microcapsules had the best morphology. When the mass ratio of the core and shell material was 3∶1, the microcapsule had a regular spherical shape with a smooth surface. At the same time, the microcapsule with the high enthalpy of phase change had a high heat storage property and stability. The quantity of heat involved in phase transition was 126.97 J/g and the content of paraffin wax as the core material was 85.4%.
The phase change microcapsules with methyl methacrylate as the shell material and 58~# paraffin as the core material were prepared by suspension polymerization. The effects of some factors on the properties of the microcapsules were studied, such as the amounts of emulsifiers and initiators, the mass ratios of the core and shell materials. Chemical compositions, surface morphologies, thermal properties and stabilities of the microcapsules were characterized by Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), respectively. The results showed that when the mass fractions of emulsifier PVP and initiator AIBN were 7.0% and3.9%, respectively, the microcapsules had the best morphology. When the mass ratio of the core and shell material was 3∶1, the microcapsule had a regular spherical shape with a smooth surface. At the same time, the microcapsule with the high enthalpy of phase change had a high heat storage property and stability. The quantity of heat involved in phase transition was 126.97 J/g and the content of paraffin wax as the core material was 85.4%.
引文
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[2] Onder E,Sarier N,Cimen E. Encapsulation of phase change materials by complex coacervation to improve thermal performances of woven fabrics[J].Thermochimica Acta,2008,467(1-2):63-72.
[3] Rui Y,Yan Z,Xin W,et al. Reparation of n-tetradecane-containing microcapsules with different shell materials by phase separation method[J].Solar Energy Material and Solar Cells,2009,93(10):1817-1822.
[4]史巍,王传涛.相变材料研究综述[J].硅酸盐通报,2015,34(12):3517-3521.Shi W,Wang C T.Study review on phase change materials[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2015,34(12):3517-3522.
[5]张建雨,胡威威,吴俊岭.高熔点相变蜡的研究[J].石油炼制与化工,2015,46(7):23-26.Zhang J Y,Hu W W,Wu J L. Study on phase change waxes with high melting-point[J]. Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals,2015,46(7):23-26.
[6] Su J F,Wang L X,Ren L.Preparation and characterization of double-MF shell microPCMs used in building materials[J].J.Appl.Polym.Sci.,2005,97:1755-1762.
[7] You M,Zhang X X,Li W. Effects of microPCMs on the fabrication of microPCMs polyurethane composite foams[J].Thermochimica Acta,2008,472(1-2):20-24.
[8] Li W,Wang J P,Wang X C,et al.Effects of ammonium chloride and heat treatment on residual formaldehyde contents of melamine-formaldehyde microcapsules[J].Colloid Polym.Sci.,2007,285:1691-1697.
[9]邱晓琳.丙烯酸树脂基相变储能微胶囊的制备与性能研究[D].北京:清华大学,2013.
[10] Alay S,Alkan C,Gode F.Synthesis and characterization of poly(methyl methacrylate)/n-hexadecane microcapsules using different cross-linkers and their application to some fabrics[J].Thermochimica Acta,2011,518(1):1-8.
[11]柳思,方利国.服装用相变微胶囊的制备与性能表征[J].广东化工,2013,40(2):3-4.Liu S,Fang L G.The preparation and characterization of microencapsulated phase change material for lothing[J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2013,40(2):3-4.
[12]宋晓秋,曹龙迪,叶琳.聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯包覆十二醇微胶囊的制备及表征[J].复合材料学报,2017,34(1):191-197.Song X Q,Cao L D,Ye L.Preparation and characterization of n-dodecanol microcapsules in poly(methyl methacrylate)[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2017,34(1):191-197.
[13]李雪珠,唐国翌,宋国林.采用悬浮聚合法批量制备相变储能材料微胶囊[J].当代化工,2017,43(12):2502-2505.Li X Z,Tang G Y,Song G L. Batch preparation of microcapsule phase-change energy storage materials by suspension polymerization[J].Contemporary Chemical Industry,2017,43(12):2502-2505.
[14]杨改霞,宋晓秋,叶琳,等.乳液聚合法制备PMMA/HD相变储热微胶囊[J].丝绸,2015,52(4):9-13.Yang G X,Song X Q,Ye L,et al.Microcapsules of PMMA/HD thermal energy storage prepared by emulsion polymerization[J].Silk,2015,52(4):9-13.
[15]王建平,魏尧,药健,等.聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯包覆水微胶囊的制备及性能[J].天津工业大学学报,2017,36(1):1-7.Wang J P,Wei Y,Yao J,et al.Preparation and characterization microencapsulated water with poly(methy methacrylate)as shell[J].Journal of Tianjin Polytechnic University,2017,36(1):1-7.
[16] Chen Z H,Yu F,Zeng X R,et al. Preparation,characterization and thermal properties of nanocapsules containing phase change material n-dodecanol by miniemulsion polymerization with polymerizable emulsifier[J]. Applied Energy,2012,91(1):7-12.