核心企业主导下乳制品全产业链质量管控GERT网络模型
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摘要
乳制品质量安全是关系消费者健康的重大问题,乳制品质量管控是一项涵盖多环节、多主体的复杂系统工程;而要把质量管控措施落到实处,乳制品产业链的核心企业是关键。针对我国乳制品产业质量管控现状,构建了基于质量价值流动的乳制品全产业链质量管控GERT网络模型,并对"产业链主体未加强质量管控"、"各主体独立加强质量管控"以及"核心企业主导下全产业链质量管控"三种情境进行对比分析。研究表明,核心企业主导下全产业链质量管控具有明显优势;强化乳制品行业质量管控,须从政府层面、企业层面以及消费者层面采取对策,尤其要突出核心企业在此过程中的主导地位。
Quality is the basis for the survival of enterprises.With the people's living standard improving and consumption level promoting,the common goods cannot meet requirements of consumers.In the case of " Congenital deficiencies,the acquired development deformed",China's dairy industry should spare no efforts to improving product quality and conducting quality control immediately to achieve better and faster development.Numerous studies focus on the causes and solutions of the dairy products quality security problems at home and abroad.But there is a lack of research on quality control based on the perspective of whole industry chain.Besides,it is urgent to deepen the research on the quality value of dairy quality.Most of researches have been analyzed in the angle of qualitative one,lacking the quantitative analysis of in the value flowing relationships and value increment among various bodies,which can not reveal intrinsic mechanism of the value formation,flowing and increment.Dairy Quality Control,a systematic engineering covering multi-link and multi-body,is difficult to implement for dramatic quality sensibility,complex multi-agent behaviors and interests.By analyzing the relationship of the dairy industry chain bodies,aquality control GERT network model based on the quality value flow is constructed and it proposes a quality control pattern dominated by the core enterprise.Then the computing result of parameters are compared in three hypothetical scenarios including the chain bodies unwilling to strengthen quality control,each body strengthening quality control independently and the core enterprise leading quality control in the whole industry network.It highlights the importance and necessity of the core enterprise leading in the model.Finally,it will find the key resources of quality control based on GERT Network model and provide the reference to the development of China's dairy industry.Studies have shown that the quality control in whole industry chain has obvious advantages under the dominance of core enterprises;To intensify the quality control in dairy products industry,steps should be taken from different aspects,especially the evident dominant status of core enterprises in this process.While the establishment of quality control systems under whole industry chain should be focused on the distribution of resources and allocation of interest.The efficiency of resources distribution has immediate relations with business competence,and the model of resources allocation has an effect in main party's enthusiasm.Therefore,the core enterprises should regard the balance of resources in quality control as initial point of working,they guarantee the increase of quality values in all industry chain through reasonable and ordered investment in capitals,technology,human resources,logistics restore and related experiences.
Quality is the basis for the survival of enterprises.With the people's living standard improving and consumption level promoting,the common goods cannot meet requirements of consumers.In the case of " Congenital deficiencies,the acquired development deformed",China's dairy industry should spare no efforts to improving product quality and conducting quality control immediately to achieve better and faster development.Numerous studies focus on the causes and solutions of the dairy products quality security problems at home and abroad.But there is a lack of research on quality control based on the perspective of whole industry chain.Besides,it is urgent to deepen the research on the quality value of dairy quality.Most of researches have been analyzed in the angle of qualitative one,lacking the quantitative analysis of in the value flowing relationships and value increment among various bodies,which can not reveal intrinsic mechanism of the value formation,flowing and increment.Dairy Quality Control,a systematic engineering covering multi-link and multi-body,is difficult to implement for dramatic quality sensibility,complex multi-agent behaviors and interests.By analyzing the relationship of the dairy industry chain bodies,aquality control GERT network model based on the quality value flow is constructed and it proposes a quality control pattern dominated by the core enterprise.Then the computing result of parameters are compared in three hypothetical scenarios including the chain bodies unwilling to strengthen quality control,each body strengthening quality control independently and the core enterprise leading quality control in the whole industry network.It highlights the importance and necessity of the core enterprise leading in the model.Finally,it will find the key resources of quality control based on GERT Network model and provide the reference to the development of China's dairy industry.Studies have shown that the quality control in whole industry chain has obvious advantages under the dominance of core enterprises;To intensify the quality control in dairy products industry,steps should be taken from different aspects,especially the evident dominant status of core enterprises in this process.While the establishment of quality control systems under whole industry chain should be focused on the distribution of resources and allocation of interest.The efficiency of resources distribution has immediate relations with business competence,and the model of resources allocation has an effect in main party's enthusiasm.Therefore,the core enterprises should regard the balance of resources in quality control as initial point of working,they guarantee the increase of quality values in all industry chain through reasonable and ordered investment in capitals,technology,human resources,logistics restore and related experiences.
引文
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[7]张蒙,苏昕,刘希玉.信息视角下我国食品质量安全均衡演化路径研究[J].宏观经济研究,2017,(9):152-163.
[8]晚春东,秦志兵,丁志刚.消费替代、政府监管与食品质量安全风险分析[J].中国软科学,2017,(1):59-69.
[9]程虹,黄颖.不同质量能力企业的质量信号选择偏好分析——基于中国企业-员工匹配调查的实证研究[J].科技进步与对策,2017,34(18):59-66.
[10]高晓鸥,宋敏,刘丽军.基于质量声誉模型的乳品质量安全问题分析[J].中国畜牧杂志,2010,46(10):30-34.
[11]张蓓,杨学儒.农产品供应链核心企业质量安全管理的多维模式及实现路径[J].农业现代化研究,2015,36(1):46-51.
[12]许民利,王俏,欧阳林寒.食品供应链中质量投入的演化博弈分析[J].中国管理科学,2012,20(5):131-141.
[13]高阔.农产品供应链中质量安全投入的动态分析及政府调控研究[J].华东经济管理,2016,30(8):108-114.
[14]热比亚·吐尔逊,宋华,于亢亢.供应链安全管理、食品认证和绩效的关系[J].管理科学,2016,29(4):59
[15]谢康,赖金天,肖静华.食品安全社会共治下供应链质量协同特征与制度需求[J].管理评论,2015,46(2):158-167.
[16]孟秀丽,王海燕,唐润,等.基于协商视角的食品质量链冲突消解策略[J].系统工程理论与实践,2014,34(12):3130-3137.
[17]王海燕,陈亚林,孟秀丽,等.基于前景理论的食品加工质量投资决策模型[J].系统工程,2015,(8):55-60.
[18]Srensen I,Jensen S,Ottosen N,et al.Chemical quality of raw milk retentate processed by ultra-filtration or reverse osmosis at the dairy farm[J].International Journal of Dairy Technology,2016,69(1):31-37.
[19]Lotfi Z,Sahran S,Mukhtar M,et al.The relationships between supply chain integration and product quality[J].Procedia Technology,2013,11(1):471-478.
[20]Altomare A,Regazzoni L,Parra X M,et al.Set-up and application of an analytical approach for the quality control of purified colostrum as food supplement[J].Journal of Chromatography B,2016,1028:130-144.
[21]Zhang Bei,Lin Jiabao,Liu Renhuai.Factors affecting the food firm’s intention to control quality safety in China:The moderating effect of government regulation[J].Chinese Management Studies,2016,10(2):256-271.
[22]赵荧梅,郭本海,刘思峰.不完全信息下产品质量监管多方博弈模型[J].中国管理科学,2017,25(2):111-120.
[23]李翠霞,姜冰.情景与品质视角下的乳制品质量安全信任评价——基于12个省份消费者乳制品消费调研数据[J].农业经济问题,2015,(3):75-82.
[24]王雅君,张浩,时君丽,等.基于过程的海产食品质量信息可追溯系统[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(14):264-271.
[25]Zhou Li,Xie Jiaping,Gu Xiaoyu,et al.Forecasting return of used products for remanufacturing using Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique(GERT)[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2016,181:315-324.
[26]Demeyer M,Machilsen B.The construction of perceptual grouping displays using GERT[J].Behavior Research Methods,2012,44(2):439-446.
[27]方志耕,杨保华,陆志鹏,等.基于Bayes推理的灾害演化GERT网络模型研究[J].中国管理科学,2009,17(2):102-107.
[28]Xu Zhe,Yu Jing,Li Hongbo.Analyzing integrated cost-schedule risk for complex product systems R&D projects[J].Journal of Applied Mathematics,2014,2014(2):1-10.
[29]Abdi R,Ghasemzadeh H R,Abdollahpour S,et al.Modeling and analysis of mechanization projects of wheat production by GERT networks[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2010,9(7):1078-1083.
[30]Xu Ruiting,Fang Zhigeng,Sun Jinyu.A grey STAGERT quality evaluation model for complex products based on manufacture-service dual-network[J].Grey Systems:Theory and Application,2014,4(2):195-206.
[31]马士华.论核心企业对供应链战略伙伴关系形成的影响[J].工业工程与管理,2000,5(1):24-27.
[2]陈梅,茅宁.不确定性、质量安全与食用农产品战略性原料投资治理模式选择——基于中国乳制品企业的调查研究[J].管理世界,2015,(6):125-140.
[3]Enderwick P.Managing“quality failure”in China:Lessons from the dairy industry case[J].International Journal of Emerging Markets,2009,4(3):220-234.
[4]Fuentes E,Bogue J,Gómez C,et al.Effects of dairy husbandry practices and farm types on raw milk quality collected by different categories of dairy processors in the Peruvian Andes[J].Tropical Animal Health&Production,2014,46(8):1419-1426.
[5]Valeeva N I,Meuwissen M P,Lansink A G,et al.Improving food safety within the dairy chain:An application of conjoint analysis[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2005,88(4):1601-1612.
[6]朱立龙,夏同水,许可.非对称信息条件下两级供应链产品质量控制策略研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014,24(5):170-176.
[7]张蒙,苏昕,刘希玉.信息视角下我国食品质量安全均衡演化路径研究[J].宏观经济研究,2017,(9):152-163.
[8]晚春东,秦志兵,丁志刚.消费替代、政府监管与食品质量安全风险分析[J].中国软科学,2017,(1):59-69.
[9]程虹,黄颖.不同质量能力企业的质量信号选择偏好分析——基于中国企业-员工匹配调查的实证研究[J].科技进步与对策,2017,34(18):59-66.
[10]高晓鸥,宋敏,刘丽军.基于质量声誉模型的乳品质量安全问题分析[J].中国畜牧杂志,2010,46(10):30-34.
[11]张蓓,杨学儒.农产品供应链核心企业质量安全管理的多维模式及实现路径[J].农业现代化研究,2015,36(1):46-51.
[12]许民利,王俏,欧阳林寒.食品供应链中质量投入的演化博弈分析[J].中国管理科学,2012,20(5):131-141.
[13]高阔.农产品供应链中质量安全投入的动态分析及政府调控研究[J].华东经济管理,2016,30(8):108-114.
[14]热比亚·吐尔逊,宋华,于亢亢.供应链安全管理、食品认证和绩效的关系[J].管理科学,2016,29(4):59
[15]谢康,赖金天,肖静华.食品安全社会共治下供应链质量协同特征与制度需求[J].管理评论,2015,46(2):158-167.
[16]孟秀丽,王海燕,唐润,等.基于协商视角的食品质量链冲突消解策略[J].系统工程理论与实践,2014,34(12):3130-3137.
[17]王海燕,陈亚林,孟秀丽,等.基于前景理论的食品加工质量投资决策模型[J].系统工程,2015,(8):55-60.
[18]Srensen I,Jensen S,Ottosen N,et al.Chemical quality of raw milk retentate processed by ultra-filtration or reverse osmosis at the dairy farm[J].International Journal of Dairy Technology,2016,69(1):31-37.
[19]Lotfi Z,Sahran S,Mukhtar M,et al.The relationships between supply chain integration and product quality[J].Procedia Technology,2013,11(1):471-478.
[20]Altomare A,Regazzoni L,Parra X M,et al.Set-up and application of an analytical approach for the quality control of purified colostrum as food supplement[J].Journal of Chromatography B,2016,1028:130-144.
[21]Zhang Bei,Lin Jiabao,Liu Renhuai.Factors affecting the food firm’s intention to control quality safety in China:The moderating effect of government regulation[J].Chinese Management Studies,2016,10(2):256-271.
[22]赵荧梅,郭本海,刘思峰.不完全信息下产品质量监管多方博弈模型[J].中国管理科学,2017,25(2):111-120.
[23]李翠霞,姜冰.情景与品质视角下的乳制品质量安全信任评价——基于12个省份消费者乳制品消费调研数据[J].农业经济问题,2015,(3):75-82.
[24]王雅君,张浩,时君丽,等.基于过程的海产食品质量信息可追溯系统[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(14):264-271.
[25]Zhou Li,Xie Jiaping,Gu Xiaoyu,et al.Forecasting return of used products for remanufacturing using Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique(GERT)[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2016,181:315-324.
[26]Demeyer M,Machilsen B.The construction of perceptual grouping displays using GERT[J].Behavior Research Methods,2012,44(2):439-446.
[27]方志耕,杨保华,陆志鹏,等.基于Bayes推理的灾害演化GERT网络模型研究[J].中国管理科学,2009,17(2):102-107.
[28]Xu Zhe,Yu Jing,Li Hongbo.Analyzing integrated cost-schedule risk for complex product systems R&D projects[J].Journal of Applied Mathematics,2014,2014(2):1-10.
[29]Abdi R,Ghasemzadeh H R,Abdollahpour S,et al.Modeling and analysis of mechanization projects of wheat production by GERT networks[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2010,9(7):1078-1083.
[30]Xu Ruiting,Fang Zhigeng,Sun Jinyu.A grey STAGERT quality evaluation model for complex products based on manufacture-service dual-network[J].Grey Systems:Theory and Application,2014,4(2):195-206.
[31]马士华.论核心企业对供应链战略伙伴关系形成的影响[J].工业工程与管理,2000,5(1):24-27.