青海某铁多金属矿区土壤重金属污染评价
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摘要
为研究青海某铁多金属矿区土壤重金属污染状况,分析测试了其土壤重金属元素(As、Cd、Hg、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni)含量,并采用单因子指数法,内梅罗综合污染指数法、地累积污染指数法和潜在生态危害指数法进行评价。结果表明:(1)研究区土壤中除Cd元素外,As、Hg、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni元素含量平均值均未超出土壤环境质量Ⅲ级标准(GB 15618—1995)限值;(2)研究区土壤质量较好,重金属元素污染轻微,Cd和Pb元素存在一定程度的污染,Cd元素达到中等程度的潜在生态危害。
In order to study the heavy metal pollution in the soil of an iron polymetallic mining area in Qinghai,the respective contents of heavy metal elements( As,Cd,Hg,Pb,Cu,Zn,Cr,Ni)in the soil samples were measured and evaluated based on the single factor index method,the Nemerow multi-factor index method,the Muller's Geo-accumulation pollution index method and the Hakanson's environment risk index method. The results showed:( 1) in the study area,their respective average values of As,Hg,Pb,Cu,Zn,Cr and Ni elements except for Cd element in the soil were within the Ⅲ level criterion of environmental quality standard for soils( GB 15618—1995);( 2) the soil quality was fairly good with slight heavy metal pollution in the study area,Cd and Pb elements were found to cause a certain degree of pollution,and Cd element was evaluated as moderate ecological risk.
In order to study the heavy metal pollution in the soil of an iron polymetallic mining area in Qinghai,the respective contents of heavy metal elements( As,Cd,Hg,Pb,Cu,Zn,Cr,Ni)in the soil samples were measured and evaluated based on the single factor index method,the Nemerow multi-factor index method,the Muller's Geo-accumulation pollution index method and the Hakanson's environment risk index method. The results showed:( 1) in the study area,their respective average values of As,Hg,Pb,Cu,Zn,Cr and Ni elements except for Cd element in the soil were within the Ⅲ level criterion of environmental quality standard for soils( GB 15618—1995);( 2) the soil quality was fairly good with slight heavy metal pollution in the study area,Cd and Pb elements were found to cause a certain degree of pollution,and Cd element was evaluated as moderate ecological risk.
引文
[1]何林华,高小红.三江源区土壤重金属的累积特征及潜在生态风险评价——以青海省玉树县为例[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(6):1071-1080.
[2]李少华,王学全,高琪,等.青海湖流域河流生态系统重金属污染特征与风险评价[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(9):1288-1296.
[3]芦宝良,陈克龙,曹生奎,等.青海湖典型湿地土壤重金属空间分布特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(3):190-194.
[4]常华进,曹广超,陈克龙,等.青海湖流域东北部河流沉积物和土壤剖面记录的重金属污染特征[J].地球与环境,2016,44(6):671-675.
[5]拜得珍.青海省铅锌采选企业重金属污染防控现状及管理对策[J].青海环境,2014,24(2):62-66.
[6]张厚坚,王兴润,陈春云,等.典型铬渣污染场地健康风险评价及修复指导限值[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(7):1445-1450.
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[11]黄彩霞,张江山,李小梅,等.宽域灰色聚类法在土壤环境质量评价中的应用[J].环境科学导刊,2009,28(4):61-64.
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[13]Hak Anson L.An ecological risk index for aquaic pollution control-a sedimento logical approach[J].Water Research,1980,14(8):975-1001.
[14]毛香菊,邹安华,马亚梦,等.南京某铁矿区土壤重金属污染潜在生态危害评价[J].矿产保护与利用,2015(3):54-59.
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[16]刘洪舟,常华进,申江,等.西宁典型文化用地土壤重金属污染评价及来源分析——以青海师范大学南校区为例[J].青海师范大学学报(自然科学版),2015(2):64-71.
[17]陈峰,蒋新,唐访良,等.层次分析法与地理信息系统在农田土壤重金属污染评价中的应用[J].2012,34(7):6-14.
[18]Muller G.Index of geo-accumulation in sediment of the Rhine River[J].Geojournal,1969(2):108-118.
[19]Lu A,Wan J,Qin X,et al.Multivariate and geostatistical analyses of the soatial distribution and origin of heavy metals in the agricultural soils in Shunyi,Beijing,China[J].Science of the Total Environment,2012(425):66-74.
[20]陈兴仁,陈富荣,贾十军,等.安徽省江淮流域土壤地球化学基准值与背景值研究[J].中国地质,2012,39(2):302-310.
[21]马亚梦,谭秀民,毛香菊,等.典型铁尾矿库重金属污染评价及生态修复建议[J].矿产保护与利用,2016(6):49-55.
[22]徐争启,倪师军,庹先国,等.潜在生态危害指数法评价中重金属毒性系数计算[J].环境科学与技术,2008,31(2):112-116.
[2]李少华,王学全,高琪,等.青海湖流域河流生态系统重金属污染特征与风险评价[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(9):1288-1296.
[3]芦宝良,陈克龙,曹生奎,等.青海湖典型湿地土壤重金属空间分布特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(3):190-194.
[4]常华进,曹广超,陈克龙,等.青海湖流域东北部河流沉积物和土壤剖面记录的重金属污染特征[J].地球与环境,2016,44(6):671-675.
[5]拜得珍.青海省铅锌采选企业重金属污染防控现状及管理对策[J].青海环境,2014,24(2):62-66.
[6]张厚坚,王兴润,陈春云,等.典型铬渣污染场地健康风险评价及修复指导限值[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(7):1445-1450.
[7]中国国家环境保护局.中国土壤元素背景值[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990:330-381.
[8]Manuel A,Leiva G,Sandra Morales.Environmental assessment of mercury pollution in urban tailings from gold mining[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2013,90(1):167-173.
[9]张金婷,孙华.内梅罗指数法和模糊综合评价法在土壤重金属污染评价应用中的差异分析[J].环境监测管理与技术,2016,28(4):27-31.
[10]王金生.灰色聚类法在土壤污染综合评价中的应用[J].农业环境保护,1991,10(4):169-172.
[11]黄彩霞,张江山,李小梅,等.宽域灰色聚类法在土壤环境质量评价中的应用[J].环境科学导刊,2009,28(4):61-64.
[12]张金婷,谢贵德,孙华.基于改进模糊综合评价法的地质异常区土壤重金属污染评价——以江苏灌南县为例[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(11):2107-2115.
[13]Hak Anson L.An ecological risk index for aquaic pollution control-a sedimento logical approach[J].Water Research,1980,14(8):975-1001.
[14]毛香菊,邹安华,马亚梦,等.南京某铁矿区土壤重金属污染潜在生态危害评价[J].矿产保护与利用,2015(3):54-59.
[15]Müller G.Schwermetalle in den Sedimenten des RheinsVeranderungen seit 1971[J].Umschau,1979,79(24):778-783.
[16]刘洪舟,常华进,申江,等.西宁典型文化用地土壤重金属污染评价及来源分析——以青海师范大学南校区为例[J].青海师范大学学报(自然科学版),2015(2):64-71.
[17]陈峰,蒋新,唐访良,等.层次分析法与地理信息系统在农田土壤重金属污染评价中的应用[J].2012,34(7):6-14.
[18]Muller G.Index of geo-accumulation in sediment of the Rhine River[J].Geojournal,1969(2):108-118.
[19]Lu A,Wan J,Qin X,et al.Multivariate and geostatistical analyses of the soatial distribution and origin of heavy metals in the agricultural soils in Shunyi,Beijing,China[J].Science of the Total Environment,2012(425):66-74.
[20]陈兴仁,陈富荣,贾十军,等.安徽省江淮流域土壤地球化学基准值与背景值研究[J].中国地质,2012,39(2):302-310.
[21]马亚梦,谭秀民,毛香菊,等.典型铁尾矿库重金属污染评价及生态修复建议[J].矿产保护与利用,2016(6):49-55.
[22]徐争启,倪师军,庹先国,等.潜在生态危害指数法评价中重金属毒性系数计算[J].环境科学与技术,2008,31(2):112-116.