哈茨木霉菌BM6对小麦白粉病的防治研究
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摘要
研究哈茨木霉菌BM6对小麦白粉病菌的拮抗作用和对温室盆栽苗小麦白粉病的防治效果,以及对小麦叶片中活性氧、木质素和丙二醛含量的影响。结果表明,哈茨木霉菌BM6发酵液对小麦白粉菌孢子萌发有明显的抑制作用,抑制率为84.26%,对小麦白粉病的防效可达51.59%。在哈茨木霉菌BM6发酵液处理小麦叶片后,提高了活性氧活性、木质素和丙二醛的含量,分别在第1天、5天和第3天出现高峰值。说明哈茨木霉菌BM6发酵液诱导引起小麦叶片活性氧迸发、木质素和丙二醛含量的升高,进而增强了小麦的抗病性。
Antagonistic effect of Trichoderma harzianum BM6 on wheat powdery mildew was studied, as well as its controlling efficiency on wheat potted seedling in greenhouse and effects on active oxygen, lignin and malondialdehyde contents in wheat leaves. The results showed that fermentation broth of T. harzianum BM6 significantly inhibited spore germination of Blumeria gminis f. sp. tritici with the inhibition ratio of 84.26% and controlling efficiency against wheat powdery mildew of 51.59%. Activity of active oxygen species and lignin and malondialdehyde contents increased in wheat leaves treated with fermentation broth of T. harzianum BM6, and the peak values appeared on 1 d, 5 d and 3 d,respectively, which indicated that they contributed to the enhancement of wheat disease resistance.
Antagonistic effect of Trichoderma harzianum BM6 on wheat powdery mildew was studied, as well as its controlling efficiency on wheat potted seedling in greenhouse and effects on active oxygen, lignin and malondialdehyde contents in wheat leaves. The results showed that fermentation broth of T. harzianum BM6 significantly inhibited spore germination of Blumeria gminis f. sp. tritici with the inhibition ratio of 84.26% and controlling efficiency against wheat powdery mildew of 51.59%. Activity of active oxygen species and lignin and malondialdehyde contents increased in wheat leaves treated with fermentation broth of T. harzianum BM6, and the peak values appeared on 1 d, 5 d and 3 d,respectively, which indicated that they contributed to the enhancement of wheat disease resistance.
引文
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[18]Mittler R.Oxidative stress,antioxidants and stress tolerance[J].Trends in Plant Science,2002,7(9):405-410.
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[2]刘金元,刘大钧.小麦白粉病抗性基因研究进展[J].植物病理学报,2000,30(4):289-295.
[3]陈捷,朱洁伟,张婷,等.木霉菌生物防治作用机理与应用研究进展[J].中国生物防治学报,2011,27(2):145-151.
[4]Zimand G,Elad Y,Chet I.Effect of Trichodema harzianum on Botrytis cinerea pathogenicity[J].Phytopathology,1996,86(11):1255-1260.
[5]方中达.植病研究方法[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1998.
[6]曹远银,王婉琳,申璐岚,等.小麦白粉病生防菌拟诺卡氏菌属TMG-8菌株的筛选研究[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(1):95-99.
[7]刘彩云.不同硅源制剂对小麦白粉病的作用效果及机理研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2002.
[8]沈文飚,叶茂柄,徐朗莱.小麦旗叶自然衰老过程中清除活性氧能力的变化[J].植物学报,1997,39(7):634-640.
[9]Fukuda H,Komaine A.Lignin synthesis and its related enzymes as markers of tracheary-element differentiation in single cells isolated from the mesophyll of Zinnia elegans[J].Planta,1982,155(5):423-430.
[10]中国科学院上海植物生理研究所,上海市植物生理学会.现代植物生理学实验指南[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.
[11]袁扬,王胤晨,韩玉竹,等.木霉菌在农业中的应用研究进展[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(3):10-14.
[12]张衡宇.植病生防菌哈茨木霉(Trichoderma harzianum)的研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2011.
[13]Rojof G,Reynso M M,Ferez M,et al.Biological control by Trichoderma soecies of Fusarium solani causing peanut brown root rot under field conditiond[J].Crop Protection,2007,26(4):549-555.
[14]杨春林,席亚东,刘波微,等.哈茨木霉T-H-30菌株对黄瓜白粉病的防治效果及其促生作用[J].中国生物防治,2008,24(增刊):55-58.
[15]管怀骥,陈莉.哈茨木霉TH-1菌株对小麦纹枯病的控制效果研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(16):9664-9665.
[16]Mehdy M C.Aetix P.Oxiygen species in plant defense against pathogens[J].Plant Physiology,1994,105:467-472.
[17]Ye X S,Pan S Q,Kus K J.Activity isozyme pattem and celliar localization of peroxidase as related to systemic resistance of tobacco to blue mold(Peronospora tabacma)and to tobacco moasaic virus[J].Phytopathology,1990,80(12):1295-1299.
[18]Mittler R.Oxidative stress,antioxidants and stress tolerance[J].Trends in Plant Science,2002,7(9):405-410.
[19]Ahmed S A,Perez S C,Emilia C M.Evaluation of induction of systemic resistance in pepper plants(Capsicum annum)to Phytophtora capsici using Trichoderma hazianum and its relation with capsidiol accumulation[J].European Journal of Plant Pathology,2000,106(9):817-824.