滨海自然植物群落物种多样性及种间垂直联结性
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摘要
通过对滨海植物群落物种多样性和种间联结性研究,探索群落的形成及种间的共生与竞争关系,为滨海沙地和海岛修复的树种选择与配置提供理论依据。以广西防城港市滨海自然植物群落为对象,研究其群落结构、物种多样性及垂直层次间物种的联结性与相关性。结果表明:广西防城港滨海自然森林群落组成复杂,物种丰富,分层比较明显,大致可分为乔木层(含乔木层和亚乔木层)、灌木层和草本层。各物种丰富度指数(S)、Shannon-Wiener指数(H')、Simpson指数(D)和Pielou均匀度指数(Jsw)均表现为灌木层>乔木层>草本层,三者变化趋势较为一致,草本层处于退化状态;!2统计量、种间关联系数AC和物种共同出现百分率PC检验结果表明,乔木层与亚乔木层物种总体存在显著负联结,相互独立的种对较多,较少种对显著联结;乔木层与灌木层物种总体存在显著正联结,显著联结的种对较多,种对间较紧密;亚乔木层与灌木层物种间总体存在显著负联结,处于不稳定的演替阶段。表明群落内垂直层次间物种相似的生境要求、生态习性,以及在垂直方向上对生境要求的互补性差异是导致种对间关系的主要原因。
Through the study of species diversity and inter-specific association of coastal plant communities,the formation of communities and the symbiotic and competitive relationship between species were explored,which provided a theoretical basis for the selection and allocation of tree species for coastal sandy land and island restoration. The coastal natural plant community in Fangchenggang City of Guangxi Province was taken as object,and the community structure,species diversity and the association and correlation of species between vertical layers were studied. The results show that the coastal natural forest community of Fangchenggang in Guangxi has complex composition,abundant species and obvious stratification. It can be roughly divided into tree layer( including tree and sub-tree layers),shrub layer and herb layer. The species richness index( S),Shannon-Wiener index( H'),Simpson diversity index( D) and Pielou evenness index( Jsw) were all expressed as shrub layer > tree and sub-tree layers > herb layer. The variation trend of species diversity index was consistent with the variation trend of richness index. The herb layer was in a state of degradation. The results of χ2 tests,inter-species association coefficient( AC) and percentage co-occurrence( PC)showed that there was significant negative association between tree layer and sub-tree layer,while there were more independent species pairs,and fewer pairs were significantly connected. There was a significant positive association between the species in tree layer and shrub layer,and there were more pairs of species that were significantly connected,and the species pairs were much closer. Generally there was a significant negative association between the species in sub-tree layer and shrub layer,which was in an unstable stage of succession. The results suggested that similar habitat requirements and ecological habits of species between vertical levels within a community and complementary differences in habitat requirements between the vertical layers might be the main driver affecting the relationship between species.
Through the study of species diversity and inter-specific association of coastal plant communities,the formation of communities and the symbiotic and competitive relationship between species were explored,which provided a theoretical basis for the selection and allocation of tree species for coastal sandy land and island restoration. The coastal natural plant community in Fangchenggang City of Guangxi Province was taken as object,and the community structure,species diversity and the association and correlation of species between vertical layers were studied. The results show that the coastal natural forest community of Fangchenggang in Guangxi has complex composition,abundant species and obvious stratification. It can be roughly divided into tree layer( including tree and sub-tree layers),shrub layer and herb layer. The species richness index( S),Shannon-Wiener index( H'),Simpson diversity index( D) and Pielou evenness index( Jsw) were all expressed as shrub layer > tree and sub-tree layers > herb layer. The variation trend of species diversity index was consistent with the variation trend of richness index. The herb layer was in a state of degradation. The results of χ2 tests,inter-species association coefficient( AC) and percentage co-occurrence( PC)showed that there was significant negative association between tree layer and sub-tree layer,while there were more independent species pairs,and fewer pairs were significantly connected. There was a significant positive association between the species in tree layer and shrub layer,and there were more pairs of species that were significantly connected,and the species pairs were much closer. Generally there was a significant negative association between the species in sub-tree layer and shrub layer,which was in an unstable stage of succession. The results suggested that similar habitat requirements and ecological habits of species between vertical levels within a community and complementary differences in habitat requirements between the vertical layers might be the main driver affecting the relationship between species.
引文
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[22]张倩媚,陈北光,周国逸.鼎湖山主要林型优势树种种间联结性的计算方法研究[J].华南农业大学学报,2006,27(1):79-83.
[23]黄云鹏.武夷山米槠林主要树种种间关联性[J].山地学报,2008,26(6):692-698.
[24]康丽丹.暖温带落叶阔叶林灌木层种间关联探究[D].兰州:西北师范大学,2011.
[25]刘金福,洪伟,樊后保,等.天然格氏栲林乔木层种群种间关联性研究[J].林业科学,2001,37(4):117-123.
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[28]张志勇,陶德定,李德铢.五针白皮松在群落演替过程中的种间联结性分析[J].生物多样性,2003,11(2):125-131.
[29]柴勇,孟广涛,武力,等.馨香玉兰所在群落主要树种的种间联结性[J].西北林学院学报,2009,24(5):31-35.
[30]彭少麟,周厚诚,郭少聪,等.鼎湖山地带性植被种间联结变化研究[J].植物学报,1999,41(11):1239-1244.
[31]周先叶,王伯荪,李鸣光,等.广东黑石顶自然保护区森林次生演替过程中群落的种间联结性分析[J].植物生态学报,2000,24(3):332-339.
[32]邓莉萍,白雪娇,李露露,等.辽东山区次生林优势木本植物种间联结与相关分析[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(6):1473-1479.
[33]戈峰.现代生态学[M].第2版.北京:科学出版社,2008.
[34]张金屯.植被数量生态学方法[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1995.
[35]马克平,黄建辉,于顺利,等.北京东灵山地区植物群落多样性的研究Ⅱ丰富度、均匀度和物种多样性指数[J].生态学报,1995,15(3):268-277.
[36]黄忠良,孔国辉,何道泉.鼎湖山植物群落多样性的研究[J].生态学报,2000,20(2):193-198.
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