人类活动条件下兰坪县土地利用景观格局及生态系统服务价值
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摘要
对土地利用景观格局的生态系统服务价值评估,有利于人们认识自然生态系统对人类福祉的重要性。基于兰坪县1996年和2015年两期遥感影像解译数据,居民点数据,采用ArcGIS技术,生态价值评估方法,分析了人类活动对土地利用景观类型变化及生态系统服务价值的影响。结果表明:随着社会经济的发展以及相关政策的出台,林地、耕地以及建设用地等土地利用景格局的变化较大;结合443个居民点以及不同气候带基础数据,得出人类活动主要集中在1 900～3 000m的温带范围内。人类活动对土地利用景观格局的变化有着重要的影响;20年间兰坪县生态系统服务价值总量增加了44 035.19万元,其中不同生态服务功能的服务价值贡献率由大到小依次为:土壤形成与保护、气体调节、水源涵养、生物多样性保护、气候调节、原材料、废物处理、娱乐文化、食物生产;不同土地利用景观类型生态系统服务价值总量大小排序为:林地>耕地>水体>草地>建设用地>未利用地。
Evaluation of ecosystem services values of landscape pattern is helpful for people to understand the importance of the natural ecosystem in terms of human welfare.Based on the interpretation of remote sensing data in 1996 and 2015 as well as settlements data of Lanping County,wer analyzed the influence of human activities on landscape pattern change and ecosystem service values by ArcGIS technology and ecological value evaluation method.The results showed that:with the development of social economy and relevant policy,land landscape patterns of forestland,cultivated land and construction had changed greatly;according to the443 settlements and the basic data of different climate zones,human activities mainly concentrated in the temperate range with the elevation of 1 900～3 000 m;human activities had the important impact on the change of landscape patterns of land uses;the total value of ecosystem service in Lanping County increased by 440.351 9 million yuan within the 20 years,among which the contribution rate of service value of different ecological service functions decreased in the order:soil formation and conservation,gas regulation,water conservation,biodiversity conservation,climate regulation,raw material,waste disposal,recreational culture,food production;the total value of ecosystem service of different land use landscape decreased in the sequence:woodland>cultivated land>water>grass>construction land>unused land.
Evaluation of ecosystem services values of landscape pattern is helpful for people to understand the importance of the natural ecosystem in terms of human welfare.Based on the interpretation of remote sensing data in 1996 and 2015 as well as settlements data of Lanping County,wer analyzed the influence of human activities on landscape pattern change and ecosystem service values by ArcGIS technology and ecological value evaluation method.The results showed that:with the development of social economy and relevant policy,land landscape patterns of forestland,cultivated land and construction had changed greatly;according to the443 settlements and the basic data of different climate zones,human activities mainly concentrated in the temperate range with the elevation of 1 900～3 000 m;human activities had the important impact on the change of landscape patterns of land uses;the total value of ecosystem service in Lanping County increased by 440.351 9 million yuan within the 20 years,among which the contribution rate of service value of different ecological service functions decreased in the order:soil formation and conservation,gas regulation,water conservation,biodiversity conservation,climate regulation,raw material,waste disposal,recreational culture,food production;the total value of ecosystem service of different land use landscape decreased in the sequence:woodland>cultivated land>water>grass>construction land>unused land.
引文
[1]刘春雨,董晓峰,刘英英.西北干旱区土地利用结构变化及生态服务价值的响应:以民乐县为例[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版,2013,49(5):675-681.
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[12]董美娜,杨琳,粟练灵,等.基于土地利用变化的生态系统服务价值及敏感性研究:以大庆市为例[J].安全与环境学报,2014,14(4):330-333.
[13]肖翠,解雪峰,吴涛.浙江西门岛湿地景观格局与人为干扰度动态变化[J].应用生态学,2014,25(11):3255-3262.
[14]重玲,朱志玲,白琳波,等.景观格局动态变化对生态服务价值的影响:以宁夏中部干旱带为例[J].干旱区研究,2015,32(2):329-335.
[15]李函洋,钟秋,石锦安,等.汉源县观光果园景观格局变化及生态系统服务价值估算[J].四川农业大学学报,2015,33(3):325-331.
[16]赵丹,马俊杰,刘哲,等.秦岭北麓城市新兴开发区生态系统服务价值变化[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(5):279-283.
[17]姜建惠,顾君望,张建英.流域突发污染事件的生态服务价值损失评估方法研究[J].安全与环境学报,2015,15(1):163-167.
[18]王洪翠,吴承祯,洪伟,等.武夷山风景名胜区生态系统服务价值评价[J].安全与环境学报,2006,6(2):53-56.
[19]曾辉,郭庆华.东莞市风岗镇景观人工改造活动的空间分析[J].生态学报,1999,19(3):298-303.
[20]谢高地,鲁春霞,冷允法.青藏高原生态资产的价值评估[J].自然资源学报,2003,18(2):189-196.
[21]吕明权,王延平,王继军.吴起县土地利用变化及其生态服务价值研究[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(1):144-148,153.
[22]董家华,舒廷飞,谢慧.城市建设用地生态服务功能价值计算与应用[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2007,35(5):636-640.
[23]陈雅琳,高吉喜,常学礼.矿区土地利用及生态服务价值动态评估:以山西省朔州市为例[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(1):44-48.
[24]邬建国.景观生态学—格局、过程、尺度与等级[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2012.
[25]吴健生,王政,张理卿,等.景观格局变化驱动力研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2012,31(12):1739-1746.
[2] Costanza R,D′Arge R,Groot R D,et al.The value of the world′s ecosystem services and natural capital[J].World Environment,1997,25(1):3-15.
[3]柴仲平,王雪梅,蒋平安.石河子市土地利用变化及其生态系统服务功能研究[J].西南农业学报,2009,22(4):1028-1032.
[4]李双成,王珏,朱文博,等.基于空间与区域视角的生态系统服务地理学框架[J].地理学报,2014,69(11):1628-1639.
[5]李双成,刘金龙,张才玉,等.生态系统服务研究动态及地理学研究范式[J].地理学,2011,66(12):1618-1630.
[6]郑华,李屹峰,欧阳志云,等.生态系统服务功能管理研究进展[J].生态学报,2013,33(3):702-710.
[7] Turner B L,Skole D,Sanderson S,et al.Land-use and land-cover change:science/research plan[R]∥International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme,Stockholm,1995.
[8] Lambin E F,Baulies X,Bockstael N,et al.Land-use and land-cover change:implementation strategy[R].Stockholm:International Humandimensions Programme,1999.
[9]耿焕侠,张小林,李红波.行政中心驻地对县域土地利用景观格局的影响研究:以江苏省丰县为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(1):1-7.
[10]左冕,张伟,马永俊.基于生态服务价值演变的土地利用思路研究:以浙江省义乌市为例[J].中国林业科技大学学报,2012,32(3):98-103.
[11]苏蕾,朱京海,傅立群.锦州—葫芦岛沿海地区景观格局变化与生态服务价值评估[J].沈阳大学学报:自然科学版,2014,26(1):4-8.
[12]董美娜,杨琳,粟练灵,等.基于土地利用变化的生态系统服务价值及敏感性研究:以大庆市为例[J].安全与环境学报,2014,14(4):330-333.
[13]肖翠,解雪峰,吴涛.浙江西门岛湿地景观格局与人为干扰度动态变化[J].应用生态学,2014,25(11):3255-3262.
[14]重玲,朱志玲,白琳波,等.景观格局动态变化对生态服务价值的影响:以宁夏中部干旱带为例[J].干旱区研究,2015,32(2):329-335.
[15]李函洋,钟秋,石锦安,等.汉源县观光果园景观格局变化及生态系统服务价值估算[J].四川农业大学学报,2015,33(3):325-331.
[16]赵丹,马俊杰,刘哲,等.秦岭北麓城市新兴开发区生态系统服务价值变化[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(5):279-283.
[17]姜建惠,顾君望,张建英.流域突发污染事件的生态服务价值损失评估方法研究[J].安全与环境学报,2015,15(1):163-167.
[18]王洪翠,吴承祯,洪伟,等.武夷山风景名胜区生态系统服务价值评价[J].安全与环境学报,2006,6(2):53-56.
[19]曾辉,郭庆华.东莞市风岗镇景观人工改造活动的空间分析[J].生态学报,1999,19(3):298-303.
[20]谢高地,鲁春霞,冷允法.青藏高原生态资产的价值评估[J].自然资源学报,2003,18(2):189-196.
[21]吕明权,王延平,王继军.吴起县土地利用变化及其生态服务价值研究[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(1):144-148,153.
[22]董家华,舒廷飞,谢慧.城市建设用地生态服务功能价值计算与应用[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2007,35(5):636-640.
[23]陈雅琳,高吉喜,常学礼.矿区土地利用及生态服务价值动态评估:以山西省朔州市为例[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(1):44-48.
[24]邬建国.景观生态学—格局、过程、尺度与等级[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2012.
[25]吴健生,王政,张理卿,等.景观格局变化驱动力研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2012,31(12):1739-1746.