低强度激光对运动性免疫抑制大鼠肺部炎性反应进程的影响
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摘要
探讨低强度激光对运动性免疫抑制导致的肺组织炎症的调理作用。将8周龄雄性SD大鼠104只随机分为安静对照组、运动训练组、小剂量低强度激光~+运动组、大剂量低强度激光~+运动组。运动各组进行跑台训练,每次30min,每天1次,每周6d,持续6周。采用递增负荷强度(跑台速度第1周10 m/min、第2周20 m/min,从第3周开始,每周递增5 m/min,至第6周达到40 m/min)。激光干预采用氦氖激光鼻腔外照射(训练1次/d,2 min/次)。辐射功率小剂量组为1 mW (6.8 J/cm2),大剂量组2 mW (13.6 J/cm2)。分别于训练前及训练的第2、4、6周周末取材,检测肺灌洗液中sIgA、CRP、IL-4、IL-10、TNF-α、ICAM-1含量;分析肺组织中CD4~+和CD8~+阳性蛋白表达,并对肺脏进行组织形态学观察。结果发现:1)6周递增负荷训练期间,大鼠肺脏中促炎因子(TNF-α和ICAM-1)显著上升,抗炎因子(IL-4和IL-10)及sIgA、CD4~+与CD8~+比值显著下降。肺组织局部出血、脓液渗出、炎性细胞浸润逐渐加重。2)小剂量低强度激光照射可显著延缓运动大鼠肺组织上述变化,对抗炎因子和形态学的影响尤为显著;而大剂量低强度激光的干预效果随照射疗程的延长呈下降趋势。结果说明:小剂量的低强度激光鼻部照射可显著促进6周递增负荷训练大鼠的免疫机能和肺组织炎症反应的改善,其调节过程主要是通过上调抗炎因子的合成,促使"促炎-抗炎"细胞因子平衡。
In order to probe into low-power laser's function on regulating lung tissue inflammation caused by exercise-induced immunosuppression, the authors divided 104 8-week old male SD rats randomly into a calm control group, an exercise training group, a small-dose low-power laser ~+ exercise group, and a big-dose low-power laser ~+ exercise group. The rats in the exercise groups carried out treadmill training for 6 weeks continuously, 30min/time, 1 time/day, 6 days/week. The authors used incremental load intensities(treadmill speed: 10m/min in week 1, 20m/min in week 2, then increased incrementally by 5m/min per week, starting from week 3, to 40m/min in week 6). Laser intervention used was He-Ne laser nasal external irradiation(1 time/day on training days, 2min/time). The irradiation power was 1mW(6.8 J/cm2) for the small-dose group, 2m W(13.6 J/cm2) for the big-dose group. The authors took samples respectively before training and at the ends of weeks 2, 4 and 6, measured the contents of sIgA, CRP, IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α and ICAM-1 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, analyzed the expressions of positive proteins CD4~+ and CD8~+ in the lung tissues, and carried out histomorphological observation on the lungs, and revealed the following findings: 1) during the 6-week incremental load training period, in the rats' lungs, pro-inflammation cytokines TNF-α and ICAM-1 increased significantly, anti-inflammation cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 as well as sIgA and the ratio of CD4~+ to CD8~+ decreased significantly; the lung tissues showed local breeding, pus exudation, and gradually worsening inflammatory cell infiltration; 2) small-dose low-power laser irradiation can significantly slow the said changes of the exercise rats' lung tissues, its effects on anti-inflammation cytokines and morphology were especially significant; while the effect of big-dose low-power laser intervention showed a trend of decreasing as the irradiation process extended. The said findings indicate the followings: small-dose low-power laser nasal irradiation can significantly promote the improvement of immune function and lung tissue inflammation reaction of the rats carrying out 6-week incremental load training, its regulating process is mainly to promote the balance between pro-inflammation cytokines and anti-inflammation cytokines by up-regulating the synthesis of anti-inflammation cytokines.
In order to probe into low-power laser's function on regulating lung tissue inflammation caused by exercise-induced immunosuppression, the authors divided 104 8-week old male SD rats randomly into a calm control group, an exercise training group, a small-dose low-power laser ~+ exercise group, and a big-dose low-power laser ~+ exercise group. The rats in the exercise groups carried out treadmill training for 6 weeks continuously, 30min/time, 1 time/day, 6 days/week. The authors used incremental load intensities(treadmill speed: 10m/min in week 1, 20m/min in week 2, then increased incrementally by 5m/min per week, starting from week 3, to 40m/min in week 6). Laser intervention used was He-Ne laser nasal external irradiation(1 time/day on training days, 2min/time). The irradiation power was 1mW(6.8 J/cm2) for the small-dose group, 2m W(13.6 J/cm2) for the big-dose group. The authors took samples respectively before training and at the ends of weeks 2, 4 and 6, measured the contents of sIgA, CRP, IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α and ICAM-1 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, analyzed the expressions of positive proteins CD4~+ and CD8~+ in the lung tissues, and carried out histomorphological observation on the lungs, and revealed the following findings: 1) during the 6-week incremental load training period, in the rats' lungs, pro-inflammation cytokines TNF-α and ICAM-1 increased significantly, anti-inflammation cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 as well as sIgA and the ratio of CD4~+ to CD8~+ decreased significantly; the lung tissues showed local breeding, pus exudation, and gradually worsening inflammatory cell infiltration; 2) small-dose low-power laser irradiation can significantly slow the said changes of the exercise rats' lung tissues, its effects on anti-inflammation cytokines and morphology were especially significant; while the effect of big-dose low-power laser intervention showed a trend of decreasing as the irradiation process extended. The said findings indicate the followings: small-dose low-power laser nasal irradiation can significantly promote the improvement of immune function and lung tissue inflammation reaction of the rats carrying out 6-week incremental load training, its regulating process is mainly to promote the balance between pro-inflammation cytokines and anti-inflammation cytokines by up-regulating the synthesis of anti-inflammation cytokines.
引文
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[11]何维.医学免疫学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2005:170-174.
[12]GLEESON M.Immune function in sport and exercise[J].Immunology and Cell Biology,2007,103:693-699.
[13]MORGADO J P,MONTEIRO C P,TELES J,et al.Immune cell changes in response to a swimming training session during a 24-h recovery period[J].Appl Physiol Nutr Metab,2016,41(5):476-483.
[14]王建枝.病理生理学[M].3版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2015:209-221.
[15]MAFRA F,VILLAVERDE A B,SALGADO M A,et al.Low intensity laser therapy(LILT)in vivo acts on the neutrophils recruitment and chemokines/cytokines levels in a model of acute pulmonary inflammation induced by aerosol of lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli in rat[J].J Photochem Photobiol B,2010,2;101(3):271-278.
[16]SERBAN C,SAHEBKAR A,ANTAL D,et al.Effects of supplementation with green tea catechins on plasma C-reactive protein concentrations:a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J].Nutrition,2015,31(9):1061-1071.
[2]DREW M,VLAHOVICH N,HUGHES D,et al.Prevalence of illness,poor mental health and sleep quality and low energy availability prior to the 2016Summer Olympic Games[J].Br J Sports Med,2018,52(1):47-53.
[3]EDOUARD P,DEPIESSE F,BRANCO P,et al.Analyses of helsinki 2012 european athletics championships injury and illness surveillance to discuss elite athletes risk factors[J].Clin J Sport Med,2014,24(5):409.
[4]SEMINOG O O,GOLDACRE M J.Risk of pneumonia and pneumococcal disease in people with severe mental illness:English record linkage studies[J].Thorax,2013,68(2):171-176.
[5]DIJKSTRA H P,POLLOCK N,CHAKRAVERTYR,et al.Managing the health of the elite athlete:a new integrated performance health management and coaching model[J].Br J Sports Med,2014,48:523-531.
[6]KIRILL M S,DANICA B S,SHEHHI M A,et al.Completing an Ironman Triathlon with Pneumonia:a Case Report[J].Asian J Sports Med,2010,1(4):223-227.
[7]朱平.低强度激光临床应用手册[M].北京:人民军医出版社,2014:22-32.
[8]VANIN A A,VERHAGEN E,BARBOZA S D,et al.Photobiomodulation therapy for the improvement of muscular performance and reduction of muscular fatigue associated with exercise in healthy people:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Lasers Med Sci,2018,33(1):181-214.
[9]张琳,郝选明.运动性免疫抑制中胸腺IL-7和TGF-β1应答性特征[J].体育学刊,2011,18(4):137-140.
[10]麻晓鸽,王松涛,覃飞.不同强度激光对递增负荷运动大鼠心脏炎性损伤和CD8+T淋巴细胞表达的影响[J].体育学刊,2016,23(3):137-144.
[11]何维.医学免疫学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2005:170-174.
[12]GLEESON M.Immune function in sport and exercise[J].Immunology and Cell Biology,2007,103:693-699.
[13]MORGADO J P,MONTEIRO C P,TELES J,et al.Immune cell changes in response to a swimming training session during a 24-h recovery period[J].Appl Physiol Nutr Metab,2016,41(5):476-483.
[14]王建枝.病理生理学[M].3版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2015:209-221.
[15]MAFRA F,VILLAVERDE A B,SALGADO M A,et al.Low intensity laser therapy(LILT)in vivo acts on the neutrophils recruitment and chemokines/cytokines levels in a model of acute pulmonary inflammation induced by aerosol of lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli in rat[J].J Photochem Photobiol B,2010,2;101(3):271-278.
[16]SERBAN C,SAHEBKAR A,ANTAL D,et al.Effects of supplementation with green tea catechins on plasma C-reactive protein concentrations:a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J].Nutrition,2015,31(9):1061-1071.