触变性原油管道的停输再启动分析
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摘要
利用六参数触变模型对触变性原油进行表征分析,并采用数值模拟方法对含蜡原油进行管道再启动分析。结果表明,空白油预剪切温度在凝点以上2℃时,剪切作用对凝点温度下的触变性影响不显著,恒压启动过程中的末端流量以及恒流量启动中的启动压力均接近未剪切的情况;加剂油预剪切温度在凝点以上4℃时,剪切作用对凝点温度下的触变性都有较大影响,启动过程中的关键参数与未剪切情况相比有明显改善。对于添加降凝剂的输油管道,可以设法在停输期间对管内原油进行"扰动",以削弱原油的结构强度,促进管道的再启动安全。
Thixotropic crude oil was characterized by using six-parameter thixotropic model, and the restart of waxy crude oil pipeline was analyzed by numerical simulation. The results show that the effect of shearing on the thixotropy of blank oil sample at freezing point is not significant when the pre-shearing temperature is 2 ℃ above its freezing point, and the terminal flow rate and the starting pressure during the constant pressure start-up are close to those without shearing;the effect of shearing on the thixotropy of the oil sample with pour point depressant at freezing point is significant when the pre-shearing temperature is 4 ℃ above its freezing point, and the key parameters during start-up are improved compared with those without shearing. For the oil pipeline with pour point depressant, it is possible to disturb the crude oil in the pipeline during shutdown to weaken the structural strength of the crude oil and promote the safe restart of the pipeline.
Thixotropic crude oil was characterized by using six-parameter thixotropic model, and the restart of waxy crude oil pipeline was analyzed by numerical simulation. The results show that the effect of shearing on the thixotropy of blank oil sample at freezing point is not significant when the pre-shearing temperature is 2 ℃ above its freezing point, and the terminal flow rate and the starting pressure during the constant pressure start-up are close to those without shearing;the effect of shearing on the thixotropy of the oil sample with pour point depressant at freezing point is significant when the pre-shearing temperature is 4 ℃ above its freezing point, and the key parameters during start-up are improved compared with those without shearing. For the oil pipeline with pour point depressant, it is possible to disturb the crude oil in the pipeline during shutdown to weaken the structural strength of the crude oil and promote the safe restart of the pipeline.
引文
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[8]赵宗昌,张晓冬,王栋等.基于BP人工神经网络的含蜡原油触变应力计算[J].大连理工大学学报,2005,45(2):181-185.
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[10]贾邦龙,张劲军.六参数含蜡原油触变模型[J].石油学报,2012,33(6):1080-1085.
[11]贾邦龙,张劲军.含蜡原油触变性测试方法[J].油气储运,2012,31(4):254-259.
[12]柳建军,程华,崔秀国,等.应用非线性隐式迭代法回归含蜡原油触变模型[J].油气储运,2011,30(1):12-14.
[13]Wachs A.,Vinay G.,Frigaard I.A 1.5D numerical model for the start up of weakly compressible flow of a viscoplastic and thixotropic fluid in pipelines[J].Journal.of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics,2009,159(1-3):81-94.
[2]Paolo D Antona,Thomas Paul Lockhart,Alberto Di Lullo,et al.Process for Reducing the Restart Pressure of Streams[P].US7896020 B2,2011-03-01.
[3]李才,张晓萍,苏仲勋,等.胶凝原油管道再启动压力传递速度的研究[J].油气储运,1998,17(2):6-10.
[4]张足斌,张国忠.含蜡原油管道流动的触变性研究[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(4):72-74.
[5]刘刚,张国忠,邓燕.胶凝原油的粘弹-触变方程[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2003,27(6):72-75.
[6]董平省,张国忠,扈新军.描述含蜡原油触变特性的一种新模式[J].油气储运,2005,24(2):29-32.
[7]侯磊,张劲军.基于粘弹性分析的含蜡原油触变性研究[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,29(4):84-86.
[8]赵宗昌,张晓冬,王栋等.基于BP人工神经网络的含蜡原油触变应力计算[J].大连理工大学学报,2005,45(2):181-185.
[9]侯磊,魏先月,高鹏.一种描述含蜡原油触变性的新方法[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2009,24(6):46-48.
[10]贾邦龙,张劲军.六参数含蜡原油触变模型[J].石油学报,2012,33(6):1080-1085.
[11]贾邦龙,张劲军.含蜡原油触变性测试方法[J].油气储运,2012,31(4):254-259.
[12]柳建军,程华,崔秀国,等.应用非线性隐式迭代法回归含蜡原油触变模型[J].油气储运,2011,30(1):12-14.
[13]Wachs A.,Vinay G.,Frigaard I.A 1.5D numerical model for the start up of weakly compressible flow of a viscoplastic and thixotropic fluid in pipelines[J].Journal.of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics,2009,159(1-3):81-94.