干旱胁迫对何首乌生长和叶绿素荧光参数的影响
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摘要
为明确干旱胁迫对贵州何首乌生长和叶绿素荧光参数的影响,设置4个不同干旱处理模拟不同降水情景(CK:1 d 1次灌水,W1处理:3 d 1次灌水,W_2处理:5 d 1次灌水,W_3处理:7 d 1次灌水),测定干旱胁迫下何首乌的生长指标和叶绿素荧光参数。结果表明:随干旱胁迫加剧,何首乌总叶面积、叶长、叶片数、叶宽、叶厚、株高、分枝数、根长显著降低,降低程度表现为W_3> W_2>W_1,须根和块根干质量先升高后降低,叶、茎干质量均呈降低趋势且在W_3处理下达最小值,根冠比和根生物量比显著增加,较CK分别增加4. 03倍和97. 14%;随干旱胁迫加剧,何首乌各组织含水量呈先降低后增加趋势;随干旱胁迫加剧,叶绿素含量、Fv/Fm、ETR和qP值呈先升高后降低的趋势,NPQ呈降低趋势,叶绿素荧光参数均在W_3处理下降至最小值,可见,何首乌光系统Ⅱ在W_3处理下遭受不可恢复的损伤。综上,W_3处理下何首乌生长受到较大的抑制,叶绿素荧光参数最低,何首乌幼苗的自我修复能力受到严重损害,超出了何首乌幼苗的耐性阈值。
In order to clarify the effects of drought stress on the growth and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Polygonum multiflorum grown in Guizhou province,four different drought treatments( CK: irrigate once per day,W_1: irrigate once every 3 days,W_2: irrigate once every 5 days,W_3: irrigate once every 7 days) were set up to simulate different rainfall conditions,and growth and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Polygonum multiflorum under drought stress were recorded. The results showed that: with the increase of drought stress,total leaf area,leaf length,leaf number,leaf width,leaf thickness,plant height,branch number and root length of Polygonum multiflorum were significantly decreased,and the decreasing degree was W_3> W_2> W_1. The dry weight of fine roots and thick roots increased firstly and then decreased,while dry weight of leaves and stem showed a downward trend and W_3 treatment reached the lowest. Although the root-shoot ratio and root biomass ratio increased significantly 4. 03 times and 97. 14%than CK respectively; with the increase of drought stress,tissue moisture content of Polygonum multiflorum decreased firstly and then increased,the chlorophyll content,Fv/Fm,ETR and qP increased firstly and then decreased,while NPQ decreased,and the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters reached the minimum under W_3 treatment,which meant light system Ⅱ of Polygonum multiflorum suffered irreversible damage.In conclusion,under W_3 treatment,the growth of Polygonum multiflorum was inhibited mostly,the chloro-phyll fluorescence parameters were the lowest,and the self-repairing ability of Polygonum multiflorum seedlings suffered serious damages,which exceeded its tolerance threshold.
In order to clarify the effects of drought stress on the growth and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Polygonum multiflorum grown in Guizhou province,four different drought treatments( CK: irrigate once per day,W_1: irrigate once every 3 days,W_2: irrigate once every 5 days,W_3: irrigate once every 7 days) were set up to simulate different rainfall conditions,and growth and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Polygonum multiflorum under drought stress were recorded. The results showed that: with the increase of drought stress,total leaf area,leaf length,leaf number,leaf width,leaf thickness,plant height,branch number and root length of Polygonum multiflorum were significantly decreased,and the decreasing degree was W_3> W_2> W_1. The dry weight of fine roots and thick roots increased firstly and then decreased,while dry weight of leaves and stem showed a downward trend and W_3 treatment reached the lowest. Although the root-shoot ratio and root biomass ratio increased significantly 4. 03 times and 97. 14%than CK respectively; with the increase of drought stress,tissue moisture content of Polygonum multiflorum decreased firstly and then increased,the chlorophyll content,Fv/Fm,ETR and qP increased firstly and then decreased,while NPQ decreased,and the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters reached the minimum under W_3 treatment,which meant light system Ⅱ of Polygonum multiflorum suffered irreversible damage.In conclusion,under W_3 treatment,the growth of Polygonum multiflorum was inhibited mostly,the chloro-phyll fluorescence parameters were the lowest,and the self-repairing ability of Polygonum multiflorum seedlings suffered serious damages,which exceeded its tolerance threshold.
引文
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[14]何佳芳,芶久兰,王文华,等.保水剂不同用量对何首乌扦插育苗的影响试验初报[J].耕作与栽培,2013(1):13-14.
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[16]陈家宙,王石,张丽丽,等.玉米对持续干旱的反应及红壤干旱阈值[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(3):532-539.
[17]杨勤霞.干旱胁迫对文冠果幼苗生长及生理指标的影响[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(10):1595-1598
[18]任磊,赵夏陆,许靖,等. 4种茶菊对干旱胁迫的形态和生理响应[J].生态学报,2015,35(15):5131-5139.
[19]高天鹏,安黎哲,冯虎元.增强UV-B辐射和干旱对不同品种春小麦生长、产量和生物量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(6):1933-1940.
[20] NOBEL P S. Adaption of plant to water and high temperature stress[M]. New York:John Wiley&Sons,1980:43-45.
[21]刘建华.干旱胁迫对杨树幼苗生长的影响[J].防护林科技,2016(6):8-11.
[22]王云龙,许振柱,周广胜.水分胁迫对羊草光合产物分配及其气体交换特征的影响[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(6):803-809.
[23]刘长利,王文,崔俊茹,等.干旱胁迫对甘草光合特性与生物量分配的影响[J].中国沙漠,2006,26(1):142-145.
[24]王霞,侯平,尹林克,冯大千,等.水分胁迫对柽柳组织含水量和膜透性的影响[J].干旱区研究,1999(2):12-15.
[25]季杨,张新全,彭燕,等.干旱胁迫对鸭茅幼苗根系生长及光合特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(10):2763-2769.
[26]范苏鲁,苑兆和,冯立娟,等.水分胁迫下大丽花光合及叶绿素荧光的日变化特性[J].西北植物学报,2011,31(6):1223-1228.
[27]宫丽丹,魏丽萍,倪书邦,等.持续干旱对油棕幼苗叶绿素荧光动力学参数的影响[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(13):1-6.
[28]褚建民,孟平,张劲松,等.土壤水分胁迫对欧李幼苗光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].林业科学研究,2008,21(3):295-300
[29]刘昭伟,张盼,王瑞,等.花铃期土壤持续干旱对棉铃对位叶气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(12):3533-3539.
[30]李芳兰.三种豆科灌木对干旱胁迫的响应与适应[D].成都:中国科学院成都生物研究所,2007.
[31]卢广超,许建新,薛立,等.干旱胁迫下4种常用植物幼苗的光合和荧光特性综合评价[J].生态学报,2013,33(24):7872-7881.
[2]吕晓敏,王玉辉,周广胜,等.温度与降水协同作用对短花针茅生物量及其分配的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(3):752-760.
[3] COSENTINO S L,PATANE C,SANZONE E,et al. Effects of soil water content and nitrogen supply on the productivity of Miscanthus×giganteus Greef et Deu. in a Mediterranean environment[J]. Industrial Crops&Products,2007,25(1):75-88.
[4]吴正花,喻理飞,严令斌,等.三叶木通叶片解剖结构和光合特征对干旱胁迫的响应[J].南方农业学报,2018,49(6):1156-1163.
[5]孙书存,陈灵芝.辽东栎幼苗对干旱和去叶的生态反应的初步研究[J].生态学报,2000,20(5):893-897.
[6]王淼,代力民,姬兰柱,等.长白山阔叶红松林主要树种对干旱胁迫的生态反应及生物量分配的初步研究[J].应用生态学报,2001,12(4):496-500.
[7]耿东梅,单立山,李毅,等.土壤水分胁迫对红砂幼苗叶绿素荧光和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].植物学报,2014,49(3):282-291.
[8]马新,李铭,朱耀军,等.干旱胁迫下文冠果光合指标的变化研究[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(1):122-126.
[9]孙景宽,张文辉,陆兆华,等.干旱胁迫下沙枣和孩儿拳头叶绿素荧光特性研究[J].植物研究,2009,29(2):216-223.
[10] AHMED S,NAWATA E,HOSOKAWA M,et al. Alterations in photosynthesis and some antioxidant enzymatic activities of mungbean subjected to waterlogging[J].Plant Science,2002,163(1):117-123.
[11]赵国平,戴慎,陈仁涛,等.中药大辞典[M]. 2版.上海:上海科学技术出版社,2006:1588.
[12]蔡秀民,林付根,王亚恒,等.何首乌的生物学特性和栽培技术[J].江苏农业科学,1986(6):27-28.
[13]刘威,赵致,王华磊,等.不同肥水搭配对一年生何首乌品质的影响[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(18):46-48.
[14]何佳芳,芶久兰,王文华,等.保水剂不同用量对何首乌扦插育苗的影响试验初报[J].耕作与栽培,2013(1):13-14.
[15]胡继田,赵致,王华磊,等.不同水肥处理对何首乌几个栽培生理指标的影响研究[J].时珍国医国药,2012,23(11):2863-2866.
[16]陈家宙,王石,张丽丽,等.玉米对持续干旱的反应及红壤干旱阈值[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(3):532-539.
[17]杨勤霞.干旱胁迫对文冠果幼苗生长及生理指标的影响[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(10):1595-1598
[18]任磊,赵夏陆,许靖,等. 4种茶菊对干旱胁迫的形态和生理响应[J].生态学报,2015,35(15):5131-5139.
[19]高天鹏,安黎哲,冯虎元.增强UV-B辐射和干旱对不同品种春小麦生长、产量和生物量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(6):1933-1940.
[20] NOBEL P S. Adaption of plant to water and high temperature stress[M]. New York:John Wiley&Sons,1980:43-45.
[21]刘建华.干旱胁迫对杨树幼苗生长的影响[J].防护林科技,2016(6):8-11.
[22]王云龙,许振柱,周广胜.水分胁迫对羊草光合产物分配及其气体交换特征的影响[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(6):803-809.
[23]刘长利,王文,崔俊茹,等.干旱胁迫对甘草光合特性与生物量分配的影响[J].中国沙漠,2006,26(1):142-145.
[24]王霞,侯平,尹林克,冯大千,等.水分胁迫对柽柳组织含水量和膜透性的影响[J].干旱区研究,1999(2):12-15.
[25]季杨,张新全,彭燕,等.干旱胁迫对鸭茅幼苗根系生长及光合特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(10):2763-2769.
[26]范苏鲁,苑兆和,冯立娟,等.水分胁迫下大丽花光合及叶绿素荧光的日变化特性[J].西北植物学报,2011,31(6):1223-1228.
[27]宫丽丹,魏丽萍,倪书邦,等.持续干旱对油棕幼苗叶绿素荧光动力学参数的影响[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(13):1-6.
[28]褚建民,孟平,张劲松,等.土壤水分胁迫对欧李幼苗光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].林业科学研究,2008,21(3):295-300
[29]刘昭伟,张盼,王瑞,等.花铃期土壤持续干旱对棉铃对位叶气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(12):3533-3539.
[30]李芳兰.三种豆科灌木对干旱胁迫的响应与适应[D].成都:中国科学院成都生物研究所,2007.
[31]卢广超,许建新,薛立,等.干旱胁迫下4种常用植物幼苗的光合和荧光特性综合评价[J].生态学报,2013,33(24):7872-7881.