四川盆地元坝地区大安寨段储层裂缝预测
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摘要
裂缝发育对致密储层的孔渗性改善具有重大作用,是天然气能否富集、产出和高产的主控因素。在实际研究中,采用地震相波形分类技术及钻井资料对元坝地区的大安寨段进行地震沉积相研究,划分出研究区大安寨段的有利储层——浅湖亚相中的介壳滩相分布的大致范围。针对元坝地区大安寨段的裂缝型气藏,采用三维地震相干分析、叠前P波方位各向异性检测等技术方法,对大安寨段中的介壳滩相进行裂缝发育带综合预测及评价,裂缝预测结果与钻井资料吻合较好,揭示该地区介壳滩相中的裂缝区域是今后的油气勘探重点。
As the main controlling factors of gas enrichment and high yield,fracture development is of great importance to the improvement of reservoir porosity of dense.In actual research,the seismic sedimentary facies of the Da'an Zhai member in Yuanba area were investigated on basis of drilling data and by using seismic waveform classification.As a result,not only the shell beach in shallow lake subfacies was found to be the favorable reservoir in Da'an Zhai member of the research area,but also the general distribution area of it was given.Meanwhile,through 3-D seismic coherence analysis and Prestack P-wave anisotropy test,the shell beach facies in Da'an Zhai member was studied on the comprehensive predication and evulation of facture development belts in the fracture reservoir of Da'an Zhai member.The fracture predication results which showed well consistent with drilling data suggested that the fracture area in shell beach would be the exploration focus.
As the main controlling factors of gas enrichment and high yield,fracture development is of great importance to the improvement of reservoir porosity of dense.In actual research,the seismic sedimentary facies of the Da'an Zhai member in Yuanba area were investigated on basis of drilling data and by using seismic waveform classification.As a result,not only the shell beach in shallow lake subfacies was found to be the favorable reservoir in Da'an Zhai member of the research area,but also the general distribution area of it was given.Meanwhile,through 3-D seismic coherence analysis and Prestack P-wave anisotropy test,the shell beach facies in Da'an Zhai member was studied on the comprehensive predication and evulation of facture development belts in the fracture reservoir of Da'an Zhai member.The fracture predication results which showed well consistent with drilling data suggested that the fracture area in shell beach would be the exploration focus.
引文
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[15]刘传虎.地震相干分析技术在裂缝油气藏预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(2):238-244.LIU C H,Application of seismic coherent analysis technology to prediction of fractured reservoir[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2001,36(2):238-244.(In Chinese)
[16]王志君,黄军斌.利用相干技术和三维可视化技术识别微小断层和砂体[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(3):378-381.WANG Z J,HUANG J B.Identification of microfault and sand body by using coherence technique and 3-D visualization[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2001,36(3):378-381.(In Chinese)
[17]BAHORICH M S,BRIDGES S R.The seismic sequence attribute map(SSAM)[J].Expanded Abstracts of the62nd Annual Internat SEG Meeting,1992:227-230.
[18]BAHORICH M S,FARMER S L.3-D seismic coherency for faults and stratigraphic features[J].The Leading Edge,1995,14(10):1 053-1 058.
[19]MARFURT K J,SUDHAKAR V,GERSZTENDORN A,et al.Coherency calculations in the presence of structural dip[J].Geophysics,1999,64(1):104-111.
[20]李佳阳,夏宁,秦启荣.成像测井评价致密碎屑岩储层的裂缝与含气性[J].测井技术,2007,31(1):17-20.LI J Y,XIA N,QIN Q R.Fracture and gas bearing evaluation of tight clastic reservoir with image logging[J].Well Logging Technology,2007,31(1):17-20.(In Chinese)
[21]张景和,孙宗欣.地应力、裂缝测井技术在石油勘探开发中的应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001.ZHANG J H,SUN Z X,Application of crustal stress and fracture logging technology in petroleum exploration and development[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2001.(In Chinese)
[22]胡伟光,范春华,杨鸿飞,等.裂缝预测与勘探[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2015.HU W G,FAN C H,YANG H F,et al.Fracture prediction and exploration[M].Beijing:China petrochemical press,2015.(In Chinese)
[23]胡伟光,申小平,范春华,等.砂岩储层综合解释与预测[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2015.HU W G,SHEN X P,FAN C H,et al.Interpretation and prediction of sandstone reservoir[M].Beijing:China petrochemical press,2015.(In Chinese)
[24]胡伟光,肖伟,王涛,等.致密砂岩储层预测与勘探[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2016.HU W G,XIAO W,WANG T.Tight sandstone reservoir prediction and explorationr[M].Beijing:China Petrochemical Press,2016.(In Chinese)
[2]厚刚福,倪超,陈薇,等.川中地区大安寨段介壳滩沉积特征及控制因素[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2017,39(1):25-34.HOU G F,NI C,CHEN W,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and factors controlling the shell beach in the Da’anzhai Member of the Central Sichuan basin[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2017,39(1):25-34.(In Chinese)
[3]吕文雅,曾联波,张俊辉,等.川中地区中下侏罗统致密油储层裂缝发育特征[J].地球科学与环境学报,2016,38(2):226-234.(In Chinese)LV W Y,ZENG L B,ZHANG J H,et al.Development characteristics of fractures in the middle-lower Jurassic Tight oli reservoirs in Central Sichuan basin[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2016,38(2):226-234.(In Chinese)
[4]周广照,刘红岐.川中中台山地区侏罗系自流井组大安寨段致密油储层孔隙结构特征[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(5):89-97.ZHOU G Z,LIU H Q.Pore structure characteristics of tight oil reservoir in the Da'anzhai member of the jurassic ziliujing formation in central Sichuan basin[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(5):89-97.(In Chinese)
[5]郑荣才,郭春利,梁西文,等.四川盆地大安寨段非常规储层的储集空间类型与评价[J].岩性油气藏,2016,28(1):16-29.ZHENG R C,GUO C L,LIANG X W,et al.Characteristics and evaluation of reservoir spaces of shale gas(oil)in Da’an zhai member of zi Liujing Formation in Sichuan basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2016,28(1):16-29.(In Chinese)
[6]赵忠泉,贺振华,万晓明,等.基于敏感地震属性波形分类的流体预测研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(3):75-81.ZHAO Z Q,HE Z H,WAN X M,et al.A study on fluid prediction based on the classification of sensitive seismic attributes[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2016,38(3):75-81.(In Chinese)
[7]邓传伟,李莉华,金银姬,等.波形分类技术在储层沉积微相预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2008,47(3):262-265.DENG C W,LI L H,JIN Y J,et al.Application of seismic waveform classification in predicting sedimentary micro-facies[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(3):262-265.(In Chinese)
[8]殷积峰,李军,谢芬,等.波形分类技术在川东生物礁气藏预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(1):53-57.YIN J F,LI J,XIE F,et al.Application of waveform classification technique in predicting reef gas pool in east Sichuan basin s[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2007,46(1):53-57.(In Chinese)
[9] ZHA C Y,ZHANG Z R,ZHONG D Y,et al.Application of fractured reservoir modeling technology to 7sandstone reservoirs in Songliao basin,China[J].66th EAGE Annual Conference and Exhibition,2004,66-99.
[10]LI X Y.Fracture detection using P-P and P-S waves in multicomponent sea-floor data[J].Expanded Abstracts of 68th Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1998(68):2056-2059.
[11]杨勤勇,赵群,王世星,等.纵波方位各向异性及其在裂缝检测中的应用[J].石油物探,2006,45(2):177-181.YANG Q Y,ZHAO Q,WANG S X,et al.P-wave azimuthal anisotropy and its application in detection of fractures[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2006,45(2):177-181.(In Chinese)
[12]MALLICK S,FRAZER L N.Reflection/Transmission coefficients and azimuthal anisotropy in marine seismic studiess[J].Geophysics,1991,56(1):241-252.
[13]王涛,朱祥,谭代英.毛坝构造飞仙关组裂缝储层综合预测方法[J].石油物探,2009,48(4):383-389.WANG T,ZHU X,TAN D Y.Integrated prediction of fractured reservoirs at Feixiangguan formation in Maoba structure[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2009,48(4):383-389.(In Chinese)
[14]黎小伟,范久霄,刘明汐,等.相干体解释断层方法测试及泾河油田的应用[J].海洋地质前沿,2015,31(12):65-70.LI X W,FAN J X,LIU M X,et al.Coherence interpretation method for fault:testing case and application[J].Marine Geology Frontiers,2015,31(12):65-70.(In Chinese)
[15]刘传虎.地震相干分析技术在裂缝油气藏预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(2):238-244.LIU C H,Application of seismic coherent analysis technology to prediction of fractured reservoir[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2001,36(2):238-244.(In Chinese)
[16]王志君,黄军斌.利用相干技术和三维可视化技术识别微小断层和砂体[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(3):378-381.WANG Z J,HUANG J B.Identification of microfault and sand body by using coherence technique and 3-D visualization[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2001,36(3):378-381.(In Chinese)
[17]BAHORICH M S,BRIDGES S R.The seismic sequence attribute map(SSAM)[J].Expanded Abstracts of the62nd Annual Internat SEG Meeting,1992:227-230.
[18]BAHORICH M S,FARMER S L.3-D seismic coherency for faults and stratigraphic features[J].The Leading Edge,1995,14(10):1 053-1 058.
[19]MARFURT K J,SUDHAKAR V,GERSZTENDORN A,et al.Coherency calculations in the presence of structural dip[J].Geophysics,1999,64(1):104-111.
[20]李佳阳,夏宁,秦启荣.成像测井评价致密碎屑岩储层的裂缝与含气性[J].测井技术,2007,31(1):17-20.LI J Y,XIA N,QIN Q R.Fracture and gas bearing evaluation of tight clastic reservoir with image logging[J].Well Logging Technology,2007,31(1):17-20.(In Chinese)
[21]张景和,孙宗欣.地应力、裂缝测井技术在石油勘探开发中的应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001.ZHANG J H,SUN Z X,Application of crustal stress and fracture logging technology in petroleum exploration and development[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2001.(In Chinese)
[22]胡伟光,范春华,杨鸿飞,等.裂缝预测与勘探[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2015.HU W G,FAN C H,YANG H F,et al.Fracture prediction and exploration[M].Beijing:China petrochemical press,2015.(In Chinese)
[23]胡伟光,申小平,范春华,等.砂岩储层综合解释与预测[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2015.HU W G,SHEN X P,FAN C H,et al.Interpretation and prediction of sandstone reservoir[M].Beijing:China petrochemical press,2015.(In Chinese)
[24]胡伟光,肖伟,王涛,等.致密砂岩储层预测与勘探[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2016.HU W G,XIAO W,WANG T.Tight sandstone reservoir prediction and explorationr[M].Beijing:China Petrochemical Press,2016.(In Chinese)