川东北通南巴构造带须家河组裂缝特征
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摘要
为了研究裂缝对致密砂岩储集层的改造特征及其对天然气成藏的影响,以四川盆地东北部通南巴构造带为例,利用岩心、薄片及成像测井等资料,对研究区须家河组裂缝发育特征进行综合分析。研究区须家河组致密砂岩裂缝按成因可划分为断层相关裂缝、褶皱相关裂缝、顺层滑脱裂缝和砾石相关裂缝,其中断层相关裂缝与褶皱相关裂缝是主要的有效裂缝。研究区有效裂缝的发育与岩性、断裂和局部构造相关性明显,在细砂岩与中砂岩中最为发育,高曲率背斜与大断裂是裂缝发育的有利条件。研究区须家河组致密砂岩裂缝的发育受晚侏罗世以来盆缘造山活动的影响,此时研究区须家河组储集层已经致密,裂缝的发育提高了储集层的储渗性,对研究区晚期气藏的形成和高产具有重要意义。
In order to study the characteristics of fractures in the tight sandstone reservoirs and their influences on natural gas accumula-tion, taking Tongnanba structural belt as a case, the paper comprehensively studies the fracture development characteristics in Xujiahe for-mation in the study area by using the data of core, thin section and FMI logging. According to fracture genesis, the fractures in the tightsandstone reservoir of Xujiahe formation can be classified into 4 types, namely fault-associated fracture, fold-associated fracture, slidingfracture and gravel-associated fracture, among which fault-associated and fold-associated fractures are the main effective fractures. Goodcorrelations among the development of effective fractures, lithology, fault and local structures are found in the study area. Fractures aremost developed in the fine sandstones and medium-sized sandstones, and high-curvature anticline and large fracture are favorable condi-tions for fracture development in the study area. Fracture development in the tight sandstone reservoir of Xujiahe formation was controlledby orogenic activities in the basin margin since Late Jurassic during which the reservoir of Xujiahe formation was densified and the develop-ment of fractures improved the reservoir quality and permeability which had important significance for accumulation and high-yield of thegas reservoirs formed at the late stage.Sichuan basin; Tongnanba structural belt; Xujiahe formation; tight sandstone; fracture characteristic; forming mechanism
In order to study the characteristics of fractures in the tight sandstone reservoirs and their influences on natural gas accumula-tion, taking Tongnanba structural belt as a case, the paper comprehensively studies the fracture development characteristics in Xujiahe for-mation in the study area by using the data of core, thin section and FMI logging. According to fracture genesis, the fractures in the tightsandstone reservoir of Xujiahe formation can be classified into 4 types, namely fault-associated fracture, fold-associated fracture, slidingfracture and gravel-associated fracture, among which fault-associated and fold-associated fractures are the main effective fractures. Goodcorrelations among the development of effective fractures, lithology, fault and local structures are found in the study area. Fractures aremost developed in the fine sandstones and medium-sized sandstones, and high-curvature anticline and large fracture are favorable condi-tions for fracture development in the study area. Fracture development in the tight sandstone reservoir of Xujiahe formation was controlledby orogenic activities in the basin margin since Late Jurassic during which the reservoir of Xujiahe formation was densified and the develop-ment of fractures improved the reservoir quality and permeability which had important significance for accumulation and high-yield of thegas reservoirs formed at the late stage.Sichuan basin; Tongnanba structural belt; Xujiahe formation; tight sandstone; fracture characteristic; forming mechanism
引文
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[9]王峰,田景春,陈蓉,等.苏里格地区上古生界盒8砂岩储层控制因素[J].成都理工大学学报,2009,36(4):367-371.WANG Feng,TIAN Jingchun,CHEN Rong,et al.Analysis of con-trol factors of the sandstone reservoir in member 8 of Xiashihezi for-mation in Sulige area,Ordos basin,China[J].Journal of ChenduUniversity of Technology,2009,36(4):367-371.
[10]何东博,贾爱林,田昌炳,等.苏里格气田储集层成岩作用及有效储集层成因[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(3):69-71.HE Dongbo,JIA Ailin,TIAN Changbing,et al.Diagenesis and gen-esis of effective sandstone reservoirs in the Sulige gas field[J].Pe-troleum Exploration and Deveopment,2004,31(3):69-71.
[11]朱筱敏,孙超,刘成林,等.鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田储层成岩作用与模拟[J].中国地质,2007,34(2):276-282.ZHU Xiaomin,SUN Chao,LIU Chenglin,et al.Reservoir diagene-sis and fluid-rock interaction simulation of the Sulige gas field inthe Ordos basin[J].Geology in China,2007,34(2):276-282.
[12]李阔,曾韬,潘磊.川东北地区须家河组储层特征研究[J].岩性油气藏,2012,24(1):46-51.LI Kuo,ZENG Tao,PAN Lei.Reservior characteristics of Xujiaheformation in northeastern Sichuan basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2012,24(1):46-51.
[13]唐大卿,陈新军,张先平,等.川东北宣汉—达县地区断裂系统及构造演化[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(1):58-63.TANG Daqing,CHEN Xinjun,ZHANG Xianping,et al.Fault sys-tems and their tectonic evolution in Xuanhan-Daxian area,thenortheastern Sichuan basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2008,30(1):58-63.
[14]张莉,杨亚娟,岳乐平,等.哈南阿尔善油藏微裂缝特征及其对开发的影响[J].石油与天然气地质,2001,22(2):158-161.ZHANG Li,YANG Yajuan,YUE Leping,et al.Characteristics ofmicro-fracture and their influence on waterflooding in Aershan res-ervoir,Hanan oilfield[J].Oil&Gas geology,2001,22(2):158-161.
[15]王鹏威,陈筱,庞雄奇,等.构造裂缝对致密砂岩气成藏过程的控制作用[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(2):185-191.WANG Pengwei,CHEN Xiao,PANG Xiongqi,et al.The control-ling of structure fracture on the accumulation of tight sand gas res-ervoirs[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(2):185-191.
[16]曾联波.低渗透砂岩油气储层裂缝及其渗流特征[J].地质科学,2004,39(1):11-17.ZENG Lianbo.Fissure and its seepage characteristics in low-per-meable sandstone reservoir[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2004,39(1):11-17.
[17]芦慧,鲁雪松,范俊佳,等.裂缝对致密砂岩气成藏富集与高产的控制作用——以库车前陆盆地东部侏罗系迪北气藏为例[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(6):1 047-1 056.LU Hui,LU Xuesong,FAN Junjia,et al.The controlling effects offractures on gas accumulation and production in tight sandstone:acase of Jurassic Dibei gas reservoir in the east Kuqa foreland basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(6):1 047-1 056.
[18]盘昌林,刘树根,马永生,等.川东北地区须家河组天然气成藏主控因素分析[J].断块油气田,2011,18(4):418-423.PAN Changlin,LIU Shugen,MA Yongsheng,et al.Analysis onmain controlling factors of gas accumulation in Xujiahe formationof northeast Sichuan basin[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2011,18(4):418-423.
[19]王威,林良彪.四川盆地东北部马路背地区上三叠统须家河组二段气藏高产机制[J].地质勘探,2017,37(12):11-17.WANG Wei,LIN Liangbiao.High-yield mechanism of the secondmember of Upper Triassic Xujiahe reservoir in the Malubei area,NE Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(12):11-17.
[2]杨涛,张国生,梁坤,等.全球致密气勘探开发进展及中国发展趋势预测[J].中国工程科学,2012,14(6):64-76.YANG Tao,ZHANG Guosheng,LIANG Kun,et al.The explorationof global tight sandstone gas and forecast of the development ten-dency in China[J].Engineering Sciences,2012,14(6):64-76.
[3]邱中建,赵文智,邓松涛.我国致密砂岩气和页岩气的发展前景和战略意义[J].中国工程科学,2012,14(6):4-8.QIU Zhongjian,ZHAO Wenzhi,DENG Songtao.Development pros-pect and strategic significance of tight gas and shale gas in China[J].Engineering Sciences,2012,14(6):4-8.
[4]郭迎春,庞雄奇,陈冬霞,等.致密砂岩气成藏研究进展及值得关注的几个问题[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(6):717-724.GUO Yingchun,PANG Xiongqi,CHEN Dongxia,et al.Progress ofresearch on hydrocarbon of tight sand gas and several issues for con-cerns[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2013,34(6):717-724.
[5]邹才能,杨智,朱如凯,等.中国非常规油气勘探开发与理论技术进展[J].地质学报,2015,89(6):979-1 007.ZOU Caineng,YANG Zhi,ZHU Rukai,et al.Progress in China’sunconventional oil&gas exploration and development and theoreti-cal technologies[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2015,89(6):979-1 007.
[6]郭秋麟,李建忠,陈宁生,等.四川合川—潼南地区须家河组致密砂岩气成藏模拟[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(4):409-417.GUO Qiulin,LI Jianzhong,CHEN Ningsheng,et al.Modeling of thetight sandstone gas accumulation for the Xujiahe formation,Hechuan-Tongnan area,Sichuan basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Devel-opment,2011,38(4):409-417.
[7]郭彤楼.川东北地区碳酸盐岩层系孔隙型与裂缝型气藏成藏差异性[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,31(3):311-317.GUO Tonglou.Differences in reservoir-forming between porous andfractured gas pools in carbonates,the northeastern Sichuan basin[J].Oil&Gas geology,2011,31(3):311-317.
[8]张水昌,米敬奎,刘柳红,等.中国致密砂岩煤成气藏地质特征及成藏过程——以鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界与四川盆地须家河组气藏为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(3):320-330.ZHANG Shuichang,MI Jingkui,LIU Liuhong,et al.Geological fea-tures and formation of coal-formed tight sandstone gas pools in Chi-na:cases from Upper Paleozoic gas pools,Ordos basin and Xujiaheforamtion gas pools,Sichuan basin[J].Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment,2009,36(3):320-330.
[9]王峰,田景春,陈蓉,等.苏里格地区上古生界盒8砂岩储层控制因素[J].成都理工大学学报,2009,36(4):367-371.WANG Feng,TIAN Jingchun,CHEN Rong,et al.Analysis of con-trol factors of the sandstone reservoir in member 8 of Xiashihezi for-mation in Sulige area,Ordos basin,China[J].Journal of ChenduUniversity of Technology,2009,36(4):367-371.
[10]何东博,贾爱林,田昌炳,等.苏里格气田储集层成岩作用及有效储集层成因[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(3):69-71.HE Dongbo,JIA Ailin,TIAN Changbing,et al.Diagenesis and gen-esis of effective sandstone reservoirs in the Sulige gas field[J].Pe-troleum Exploration and Deveopment,2004,31(3):69-71.
[11]朱筱敏,孙超,刘成林,等.鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田储层成岩作用与模拟[J].中国地质,2007,34(2):276-282.ZHU Xiaomin,SUN Chao,LIU Chenglin,et al.Reservoir diagene-sis and fluid-rock interaction simulation of the Sulige gas field inthe Ordos basin[J].Geology in China,2007,34(2):276-282.
[12]李阔,曾韬,潘磊.川东北地区须家河组储层特征研究[J].岩性油气藏,2012,24(1):46-51.LI Kuo,ZENG Tao,PAN Lei.Reservior characteristics of Xujiaheformation in northeastern Sichuan basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2012,24(1):46-51.
[13]唐大卿,陈新军,张先平,等.川东北宣汉—达县地区断裂系统及构造演化[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(1):58-63.TANG Daqing,CHEN Xinjun,ZHANG Xianping,et al.Fault sys-tems and their tectonic evolution in Xuanhan-Daxian area,thenortheastern Sichuan basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2008,30(1):58-63.
[14]张莉,杨亚娟,岳乐平,等.哈南阿尔善油藏微裂缝特征及其对开发的影响[J].石油与天然气地质,2001,22(2):158-161.ZHANG Li,YANG Yajuan,YUE Leping,et al.Characteristics ofmicro-fracture and their influence on waterflooding in Aershan res-ervoir,Hanan oilfield[J].Oil&Gas geology,2001,22(2):158-161.
[15]王鹏威,陈筱,庞雄奇,等.构造裂缝对致密砂岩气成藏过程的控制作用[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(2):185-191.WANG Pengwei,CHEN Xiao,PANG Xiongqi,et al.The control-ling of structure fracture on the accumulation of tight sand gas res-ervoirs[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(2):185-191.
[16]曾联波.低渗透砂岩油气储层裂缝及其渗流特征[J].地质科学,2004,39(1):11-17.ZENG Lianbo.Fissure and its seepage characteristics in low-per-meable sandstone reservoir[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2004,39(1):11-17.
[17]芦慧,鲁雪松,范俊佳,等.裂缝对致密砂岩气成藏富集与高产的控制作用——以库车前陆盆地东部侏罗系迪北气藏为例[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(6):1 047-1 056.LU Hui,LU Xuesong,FAN Junjia,et al.The controlling effects offractures on gas accumulation and production in tight sandstone:acase of Jurassic Dibei gas reservoir in the east Kuqa foreland basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(6):1 047-1 056.
[18]盘昌林,刘树根,马永生,等.川东北地区须家河组天然气成藏主控因素分析[J].断块油气田,2011,18(4):418-423.PAN Changlin,LIU Shugen,MA Yongsheng,et al.Analysis onmain controlling factors of gas accumulation in Xujiahe formationof northeast Sichuan basin[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2011,18(4):418-423.
[19]王威,林良彪.四川盆地东北部马路背地区上三叠统须家河组二段气藏高产机制[J].地质勘探,2017,37(12):11-17.WANG Wei,LIN Liangbiao.High-yield mechanism of the secondmember of Upper Triassic Xujiahe reservoir in the Malubei area,NE Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(12):11-17.