黄骅拗陷奥陶系岩溶储层发育特征与控制因素
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摘要
通过岩心观察和薄片鉴定,归纳总结岩溶类型,探讨岩溶作用的发育及控制因素。研究表明,黄骅拗陷奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层分为孔隙型、孔-洞-缝型及裂缝型3大类,储层发育程度与古风化壳的距离有关。岩溶作用主要为表生期岩溶作用和埋藏期岩溶作用,表生期岩溶作用因经历的构造运动背景不同而导致了岩溶路径和岩溶强度的明显差异,埋藏期岩溶作用多与后期的构造作用关系密切。表生岩溶作用存在均衡岩溶和差异岩溶两种,沉积-成岩与构造-古地貌对表生岩溶储层具有主要的控制作用。埋藏岩溶作用不仅受到发育沿断层、裂缝下渗大气淡水与埋藏环境压释水混合溶蚀作用的影响,而且岩浆-构造热液溶蚀作用亦对岩溶储层做出了贡献。
The study area is situated in Huanghua depression, where paleokarstic features are massively developed in the carbonate rocks of the Ordovician, with abundant oil and gas resources and a broad prospect for the exploration and development of natural resources.Through core observation and thin slice identification, the characteristics of karst reservoirs are expounded, and summed up the types of karst, discussed on the development and control factors of karst. Research shows that the Ordovician carbonate reservoir can be divided into three categories: Pore type, holes-pores-seams type and fractured type. The degree of reservoir development is related to the distance of ancient weathering crust. Karstification mainly includes epikarst and buried karst. Because of the different tectonic movement background, there were obvious differences in the path and strength of the epikarst, and the buried karst was closely related to the late tectonic action. There were two types of epikarst: Equalizing karst and differential karst. Sedimentary diagenesis and tectonic palaeoggeomorphology played a major role in controlling epikarst reservoir formation. The buried karst is not only influenced by the mixed erosion of the atmospheric fresh water and the buried water, the magma hydrothermal fluid dissolution also contributes to the karst reservoir.
The study area is situated in Huanghua depression, where paleokarstic features are massively developed in the carbonate rocks of the Ordovician, with abundant oil and gas resources and a broad prospect for the exploration and development of natural resources.Through core observation and thin slice identification, the characteristics of karst reservoirs are expounded, and summed up the types of karst, discussed on the development and control factors of karst. Research shows that the Ordovician carbonate reservoir can be divided into three categories: Pore type, holes-pores-seams type and fractured type. The degree of reservoir development is related to the distance of ancient weathering crust. Karstification mainly includes epikarst and buried karst. Because of the different tectonic movement background, there were obvious differences in the path and strength of the epikarst, and the buried karst was closely related to the late tectonic action. There were two types of epikarst: Equalizing karst and differential karst. Sedimentary diagenesis and tectonic palaeoggeomorphology played a major role in controlling epikarst reservoir formation. The buried karst is not only influenced by the mixed erosion of the atmospheric fresh water and the buried water, the magma hydrothermal fluid dissolution also contributes to the karst reservoir.
引文
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[19] 桑琴,黄静,程超,等.蜀南地区茅口组古岩溶地貌与缝洞系统发育关系研究[J].中国岩溶,2012,31(2):212-219.
[20] 李伟,鲍志东,张枝焕,等.塔里木盆地奥陶系岩溶发育模式[J].岩性油气藏,2006,18(3):7-15.
[21] 姜平,王建华.大港地区千米桥潜山奥陶系古岩溶研究[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2005,32(1):50-53.
[22] 蒋裕强,陶艳忠,谷一凡,等.四川盆地高石梯—磨溪地区灯影组热液白云石化作用[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(1):51-60.
[23] 曹建文,夏日元,张庆玉,等.塔里木盆地北部露头区与井下古岩溶充填物包裹体特征对比研究[J].中国岩溶,2016,35(1):114-124.
[24] 夏日元,唐健生.黄骅拗陷奥陶系古岩溶发育演化模式 [J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(1):51-53.
[2] FORD D C,EWERS R O.The development of limestone cave systems in the dimensions of length depth[J].Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,1978,15:1978-1998.
[3] ESTEBAR M,KLAPPA C F.Subaerial exposure environment[J].AAPG Mem,1983,33:1-95.
[4] JAMES N P,CHOQUETTE P W.Limestone-the meteoric diagenetic environment[J].Geoscience Canada,1984,11:161-194.
[5] 谭周地.构造对岩溶的控制意义[J].长春地质学院学报,1978(2),43-47.
[6] 任美愕.岩溶学概论[M].北京:商务印书馆,1983.
[7] 王大纯,张人权.水文地质学基础[M].北京:地质出版社,1986:105-115.
[8] 王海真,池英柳,赵宗举,等.四川盆地栖霞组岩溶储层及勘探选区 [J].石油学报,2013,34(5):833-842.
[9] 苏中堂,柳娜,杨文敬,等.鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系表生期岩溶类型、发育模式及储层特征 [J].中国岩溶,2015,34(2):109-114.
[10] 傅恒,韩建辉,孟万斌,等.塔里木盆地塔中北坡奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶储层的形成机理 [J].天然气工业 2017,37(3):25-36.
[11] 于学敏,苏俊青,王振升.千米桥潜山油气藏基本地质特征[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(6):7-9.
[12] 姜平.千米桥潜山构造油气藏成藏分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(3):14-16.
[13] 王铁冠,王飞宇,卢鸿,等.黄骅拗陷孔西潜山带奥陶系油藏的油源与成藏期次 [J].海相油气地质,2000,5(增刊):47-54.
[14] 付立新,陈善勇,王丹丽,等.乌马营奥陶系潜山天然气藏特点及成藏过程 [J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(5):25-27.
[15] 付立新,吴雪松,赵敏,等.歧口凹陷埕海潜山地质构造及奥陶系天然气成藏特点 [J].东北石油大学学报,2013,37(5):63-72.
[16] 付立新,楼达,冯建元,等.歧口凹陷中位序、低位序潜山地质特征及油气勘探潜力 [J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(4):559-565.
[17] 夏日元,唐健生,关碧珠,等.鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系古岩溶地貌及天然气富集特征[J].石油与天然气地质,1999,20(2):133-136.
[18] 杨海军,韩剑发,孙崇浩,等.塔中北斜坡奥陶系鹰山组岩溶型储层发育模式与油气勘探[J].石油学报,2011,32(2):199-205.
[19] 桑琴,黄静,程超,等.蜀南地区茅口组古岩溶地貌与缝洞系统发育关系研究[J].中国岩溶,2012,31(2):212-219.
[20] 李伟,鲍志东,张枝焕,等.塔里木盆地奥陶系岩溶发育模式[J].岩性油气藏,2006,18(3):7-15.
[21] 姜平,王建华.大港地区千米桥潜山奥陶系古岩溶研究[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2005,32(1):50-53.
[22] 蒋裕强,陶艳忠,谷一凡,等.四川盆地高石梯—磨溪地区灯影组热液白云石化作用[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(1):51-60.
[23] 曹建文,夏日元,张庆玉,等.塔里木盆地北部露头区与井下古岩溶充填物包裹体特征对比研究[J].中国岩溶,2016,35(1):114-124.
[24] 夏日元,唐健生.黄骅拗陷奥陶系古岩溶发育演化模式 [J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(1):51-53.