新型爆破技术ICSE对青贮玉米秸秆物理特性的影响
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摘要
通过对比研究瞬时弹射式蒸汽爆破(ICSE)与热喷放、碱处理堆沤2种预处理方式,探索ICSE预处理对青贮玉米秸秆物理特性影响,并对固体表面自由能、沉降特性、比表面积、孔径分布进行分析。固体表面自由能实验表明:ICSE20.3%和25.7%,亲水指数达10.1 mJ~(1/2)/m,分别高出125.8%和177.0%。物料沉降特性实验表明:ICSE沉降比最大为1∶1,其次为热喷放0.6∶1,最后为碱堆沤0.3∶1。比表面积及孔径分布实验表明:ICSE试样比表面积达3.5 m~2/g,相比热喷放提高57.4%,相比碱处理堆沤提高263.0%,孔径孔容分布扩大。实验结果表明,ICSE能有效提高物料的固体表面自由能和亲水指数,增大生物质比表面积和与水溶液的混溶性,ICSE越性。
By a study that compares ICSE with boiling flow and alkali retting,we explored the mechanism that ICSE acts on biomass physical property,surface energy property and microstructure. In this study,we conducted solid surface energy test,settlement characteristics test,BET surface area and pore-size distribution test. Among them,solid surface energy test shows results:ICSE could increase solid surface energy to 71.1 mJ/m~2,has a 20.3% increase compared with boiling flow and a 25.7% increase compared with alkali retting,has a 10.1 mJ~(1/2)/m hydrophilic index,has a 125.8%increase compared with boiling flow and a 177.0% increase compared with alkali retting. Settlement characteristics test shows that ICSE samples have a 1∶1 settlement ratio,boiling flow samples have a 0.6∶1 settlement ratio,alkali retting samples have a 0.3∶1 settlement ratio. Specific surface area and pore-size distribution test shows that ICSE could increase solid surface energy to 3.5 m~2/g,has a 57.4% increase compared with boiling flow and a 263.0% increase compared with alkali retting,pore-size and pore-volume increase. These tests reflect that ICSE could improve effectively biomass solid surface energy and hydrophilic index,increase biomass surface area and compatibility with water,reveal the superiority of ICSE over the other pretreatment technology.
By a study that compares ICSE with boiling flow and alkali retting,we explored the mechanism that ICSE acts on biomass physical property,surface energy property and microstructure. In this study,we conducted solid surface energy test,settlement characteristics test,BET surface area and pore-size distribution test. Among them,solid surface energy test shows results:ICSE could increase solid surface energy to 71.1 mJ/m~2,has a 20.3% increase compared with boiling flow and a 25.7% increase compared with alkali retting,has a 10.1 mJ~(1/2)/m hydrophilic index,has a 125.8%increase compared with boiling flow and a 177.0% increase compared with alkali retting. Settlement characteristics test shows that ICSE samples have a 1∶1 settlement ratio,boiling flow samples have a 0.6∶1 settlement ratio,alkali retting samples have a 0.3∶1 settlement ratio. Specific surface area and pore-size distribution test shows that ICSE could increase solid surface energy to 3.5 m~2/g,has a 57.4% increase compared with boiling flow and a 263.0% increase compared with alkali retting,pore-size and pore-volume increase. These tests reflect that ICSE could improve effectively biomass solid surface energy and hydrophilic index,increase biomass surface area and compatibility with water,reveal the superiority of ICSE over the other pretreatment technology.
引文
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[3]Len V,Tusa A,Araujo Y.C.Determination of the solid surface tensions:I.The platinum case[J].Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,1999,155(2/3):131-136.
[4]Ado M H V C,Saramago B J V,Fernandes A C.Estimation of the surface properties of styreneacrylonitrle random copolymers from contact angle measurements[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,1999,217(1):94-106.
[5]Park Soo-Jin,Kim Jeong-Soon.Influence of plasma treatment on microstructures and acid-base surface energetics of nanostructured carbon blacks:N2plasma environment[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2001,244(2):336-341.
[6]Tretinnikov O N.On neglecting the polar nature of halogenated hydrocarbons in the surface energy determination of polar solids from contact angle measurements[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2000,229(2):644-647.
[7]Michalski M C,Hardy J,Saramago B J V.On the surface free energy of PVC/EVA polymer blends:Comparison of different calculation methods[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,1998,208(1):319-328.
[8]Janczuk B,Bialopiotrowicz T,Zdziennicka A.Some remarks on the components of the liquid surface free energy[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,1999,211(1):96-103.
[9]王晖,顾国华.固体的表面能及其亲水/疏水性[J].化学通报,2009,12(1):1091-1096.[9]Wang Hui,Gu Guohua.Surface free energy of solid matter and its hydrophilic/hydrophobic nature[J].Chinese Journal of Chemical,2009,12(1):1091-1096.
[10]Van Oss C J,Chaudhury M K,Good R J.Mechanism of partition in aqueous media[J].Separation Science and Technology,1987,22(6):1515-1526.
[11]Van Oss C J,Good R J,Chaudhury M K.Estimation of the polar surface tension parameters of glycerol and formamide,for use in contact angle measurements on polar solids[J].Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology,1990,11(1):75-81.
[12]邱冠周,胡岳华,王淀佐.颗粒间相互作用与细粒浮选[M].长沙:中南工业大学出版社,1993.[12]Qiu Guanzhou,Hu Yuehua,Wang Dianzhuo.Particleparticle interaction and fine particle flotation[M].Changsha:Central South University of Technology Press,1993.