蚕丝织物增强聚乳酸复合材料的制备及其性能研究
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摘要
以蚕丝织物为增强体,以聚乳酸(PLA)为基体,通过层叠热压制备蚕丝织物增强PLA复合材料,研究了脱胶预处理和热压温度对蚕丝增强PLA复合材料力学性能的影响,并用SEM和TGA进行表征。经过脱胶处理后,蚕丝增强PLA复合材料的力学性能有一定程度的提高,其拉伸强度和冲击强度分别提升了35.78%和33.33%;当热压温度为165℃时,复合材料具有最优的力学性能。SEM结果表明:经过脱胶处理后,复合材料中蚕丝纤维排列比较整齐,基体的连续性较好,纤维与基体之间结合更为紧密。TGA结果表明:经过脱胶处理后,复合材料表现出相对较高的热稳定性。
Silk fabrics were used as the reinforcement, and polylactic acid(PLA) was used as the matrix to prepare PLA composites reinforced by silk fabric through hot pressing. The effects of degumming pretreatment and hot-pressing temperature on the mechanical properties of PLA composites reinforced by silk fabric were studied, and the mechanical properties were characterized by SEM and TGA. After degumming treatment, the mechanical properties of PLA composites reinforced by silk fabric were improved to some extent. Tensile strength and impact strength increased by 35.78% and 33.33%, respectively. When the hot-pressing temperature was 165 ℃, the composites have the best mechanical properties. The SEM results showed that after degumming treatment, the silk fibers in the composites were arranged neatly; the continuity of the matrix was better, and the fiber and the matrix were more closely bonded. The TGA results showed that after degumming treatment, the composite exhibited relatively high thermal stability.
Silk fabrics were used as the reinforcement, and polylactic acid(PLA) was used as the matrix to prepare PLA composites reinforced by silk fabric through hot pressing. The effects of degumming pretreatment and hot-pressing temperature on the mechanical properties of PLA composites reinforced by silk fabric were studied, and the mechanical properties were characterized by SEM and TGA. After degumming treatment, the mechanical properties of PLA composites reinforced by silk fabric were improved to some extent. Tensile strength and impact strength increased by 35.78% and 33.33%, respectively. When the hot-pressing temperature was 165 ℃, the composites have the best mechanical properties. The SEM results showed that after degumming treatment, the silk fibers in the composites were arranged neatly; the continuity of the matrix was better, and the fiber and the matrix were more closely bonded. The TGA results showed that after degumming treatment, the composite exhibited relatively high thermal stability.
引文
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[18]SANG M L, CHO D, PARK W H, et al. Novel silk/poly(butylene succinate) biocomposites: the effect of short fibre content on their mechanical and thermal properties [J]. Composites Science & Technology, 2005, 65(3): 647-657.
[19]李伟. 蚕丝丝素纤维增强聚(ε-已内酯)复合材料的制备, 表征与应用研究[D]. 上海: 上海交通大学, 2009.LI Wei. Study on Preparation, Characterization and Application of Silk Fibroin Fiber Reinforced Ooly (ε-Caprolactone) Composite [D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2009.
[20]ZHAO Y Q, CHEUNG H Y, LAU K T, et al. Silkworm silk/poly (lactic acid) biocomposites: dynamic mechanical, thermal and biodegradable properties [J]. Polymer degradation and stability, 2010, 95(10): 1978-1987.
[21]马玲, 傅吉全. 热处理对桑蚕丝结构和性能的影响[J]. 北京服装学院学报(自然科学版), 2012, 32(2): 35-40.MA Ling, FU Jiquan. Influence of heat treatment on mulberry silk structure and performance [J]. Journal of Beijing Institute of Clothing Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2012,32(2):35-40.
[22]陈超. 基于废弃真丝织物的装饰复合材料制备及性能研究[D]. 大连: 大连工业大学, 2011.CHEN Chao.Studies on Preparation and Properties of the Waste Silk Fabric Composites for Decoration [D]. Dalian: Dalian Polytechnic University, 2011.
[2]赵永青. 生物降解PLA基复合材料的制备与性能研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州大学, 2009.ZHAO Yongqing. Fabrication and Properties of Composites Based on Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid) [D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University, 2013.
[3]YING L, MOYO S, DING Z, et al. Helium plasma treatment of ethanol-pretreated ramie fabrics for improving the mechanical properties of ramie/polypropylene composites[J]. Industrial Crops & Products, 2013, 51(6): 299-305.
[4]刘训堃, 滕翠青, 余木火. 苎麻织物增强PLA-PCL复合材料的制备及其性能研究[J]. 塑料工业, 2007, 35(1): 22-24.LIU Xunkun, TENG Cuiqing, YU Muhuo. Preparation and property of PLA-PCL copolymer composite reinforced by ramie fabric[J]. China Plastics Industry, 2007, 35(1): 22-24.
[5]赵勇, 田伟, 祝成炎,等. PLA/苎麻与PVA/苎麻复合材料的制备及其力学性能研究[J]. 现代纺织技术, 2017, 25(5): 1-6.ZHAO Yong, TIAN Wei, ZHU Chengyan, et al. Study on preparation and mechanical properties of PLA/PVA composite reinforced by ramie fabric [J].Advanced Textile Technology, 2017, 25(5): 1-6.
[6]王春红, 任子龙, 李姗,等. 苎麻织物表面改性对其增强热固性聚乳酸复合材料力学及阻燃性能的影响[J]. 复合材料学报, 2015, 32(2): 444-450.WANG Chunhong, REN Zilong, LI Shan, et al. Effect of surface modification on properties of mechanical and flame retardant of ramie fabrics reinforced thermosetting polylactic acid composites [J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2015, 32(2): 444-450.
[7]王瑞, 王春红. 亚麻落麻纤维增强可降解复合材料的拉伸强度预测[J]. 复合材料学报, 2009, 26(1): 43-47.WANG Rui, WANG Chunhong.Prediction of tensile strength of flax noil fibers reinforced biodegradable composite [J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2009, 26(1):43-47.
[8]CHEUNG H Y, HO M P, LAU K T, et al. Natural fibre-reinforced composites for bioengineering and environmental engineering applications [J]. Composites Part B, 2009, 40(7): 655-663.
[9]SHUBHRA Q T H, ALAM A K M M, BEG M D H. Mechanical and degradation characteristics of natural silk fiber reinforced gelatin composites [J]. Materials Letters, 2011, 65(2): 333-336.
[10]LI S, LIU B, CHENG J, et al. Composite cement of magnesium-bearing phosphoaluminate-hydroxyapatite reinforced by treated raw silk fiber [J]. Cement & Concrete Composites, 2008, 30(4): 347-352.
[11]HO M P, LAU K T, WANG H, et al. Characteristics of a silk fibre reinforced biodegradable plastic [J]. Composites Part B Engineering, 2011, 42(2): 117-122.
[12]CHEUNG H Y, LAU K T, TAO X M, et al. A potential material for tissue engineering: silkworm silk/PLA biocomposite [J]. Composites Part B Engineering, 2008, 39(6): 1026-1033.
[13]温变英, 李晓媛, 张扬. 苎麻纤维/聚乳酸复合材料在不同pH环境下的水解行为[J]. 复合材料学报, 2015, 32(1): 54-60.WEN Bianying, LI Xiaoyuan, ZHANG Yang. Hydrolysis behaviors of ramie fiber/polylactic acid composites under different pH conditions [J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2015, 32(1): 54-60.
[14]范常秀, 李亚, 万红春,等. 纤维改性聚乳酸复合材料研究现状及进展[J].宁波工程学院学报, 2013, 25(2): 43-48.FAN Changxiu, LI Ya, WAN Hongchun, et al. Research progress on modification of poly (lactic acid) /fiber composites[J]. Journal of Ningbo Unversity of Technology, 2013, 25(2): 43-48.
[15]OKSMAN K, SKRIFVARS M, SELIN J F. Natural fibres as reinforcement in polylactic acid (PLA) composites [J]. Composites Science & Technology, 2003, 63(9): 1317-1324.
[16]LI S, LIU B, CHENG J, et al. Composite cement of magnesium-bearing phosphoaluminate-hydroxyapatite reinforced by treated raw silk fiber [J]. Cement & Concrete Composites, 2008, 30(4): 347-352.
[17]MARTIN O, AVéROUS L. Poly(lactic acid): plasticization and properties of biodegradable multiphase systems [J]. Polymer, 2001, 42(14): 6209-6219.
[18]SANG M L, CHO D, PARK W H, et al. Novel silk/poly(butylene succinate) biocomposites: the effect of short fibre content on their mechanical and thermal properties [J]. Composites Science & Technology, 2005, 65(3): 647-657.
[19]李伟. 蚕丝丝素纤维增强聚(ε-已内酯)复合材料的制备, 表征与应用研究[D]. 上海: 上海交通大学, 2009.LI Wei. Study on Preparation, Characterization and Application of Silk Fibroin Fiber Reinforced Ooly (ε-Caprolactone) Composite [D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2009.
[20]ZHAO Y Q, CHEUNG H Y, LAU K T, et al. Silkworm silk/poly (lactic acid) biocomposites: dynamic mechanical, thermal and biodegradable properties [J]. Polymer degradation and stability, 2010, 95(10): 1978-1987.
[21]马玲, 傅吉全. 热处理对桑蚕丝结构和性能的影响[J]. 北京服装学院学报(自然科学版), 2012, 32(2): 35-40.MA Ling, FU Jiquan. Influence of heat treatment on mulberry silk structure and performance [J]. Journal of Beijing Institute of Clothing Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2012,32(2):35-40.
[22]陈超. 基于废弃真丝织物的装饰复合材料制备及性能研究[D]. 大连: 大连工业大学, 2011.CHEN Chao.Studies on Preparation and Properties of the Waste Silk Fabric Composites for Decoration [D]. Dalian: Dalian Polytechnic University, 2011.