多直流馈入异步受端电网恢复的分区方法
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摘要
针对异步联网时受端系统的恢复问题,提出一种综合考虑网络社团结构特性和交直流交互作用的系统恢复分区方法。首先,在分析交直流系统交互作用的基础上,将系统强度指标纳入分区原则和约束条件中,并优化得到多直流系统的最优传输功率,进而提出了适用于异步受端电网恢复的分区模型。然后,以支路对各直流落点短路容量的综合影响为权重定义了加权边介数,以黑启动电源个数和分区约束条件为判据自动确定分区数量,采用改进的GN分裂算法实现了多直流馈入受端电网恢复的合理分区,并基于分区结果计算出分区恢复时间和负荷恢复总量。最后,IEEE 39节点系统和中国南方某省局部电网的分区结果验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。
Aiming at the restoration problem of asynchronous receiving end power grid, a partition method for system restoration is proposed, which considers the structure characteristics of network community and the interaction between AC and DC system. Firstly, on the basis of analyzing the interaction, the system strength indices are added to the partition principle and constraints, and the optimal transmission power of each line commutated converter based high voltage direct current(LCC-HVDC) system is obtained by solving the corresponding optimization model. Then, a partition model is proposed for the asynchronous receiving end power system restoration. Secondly, by taking the comprehensive influence on the bus short-circuit capacity of each HVDC dropping location as the weight, the weighted edge betweenness of branch circuit is defined. The partition number can be automatically determined according to the partition constraints and the number of black start sources. An improved GN splitting algorithm is then used to realize the reasonable partition of the multi-infeed HVDC receiving end power grid. Based on the partition results, the restoration time and load restoration capacity are calculated. Finally, the partition results of the IEEE 39-bus system and a local power grid in a southern province of China verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Aiming at the restoration problem of asynchronous receiving end power grid, a partition method for system restoration is proposed, which considers the structure characteristics of network community and the interaction between AC and DC system. Firstly, on the basis of analyzing the interaction, the system strength indices are added to the partition principle and constraints, and the optimal transmission power of each line commutated converter based high voltage direct current(LCC-HVDC) system is obtained by solving the corresponding optimization model. Then, a partition model is proposed for the asynchronous receiving end power system restoration. Secondly, by taking the comprehensive influence on the bus short-circuit capacity of each HVDC dropping location as the weight, the weighted edge betweenness of branch circuit is defined. The partition number can be automatically determined according to the partition constraints and the number of black start sources. An improved GN splitting algorithm is then used to realize the reasonable partition of the multi-infeed HVDC receiving end power grid. Based on the partition results, the restoration time and load restoration capacity are calculated. Finally, the partition results of the IEEE 39-bus system and a local power grid in a southern province of China verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
引文
[1] 郭相阳.异步互联送端电网稳定性若干问题研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2018.GUO Xiangyang.Research on the stability of asynchronous interconnected sending end network[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2018.
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[4] 刘玉田,谭冰雪.大电网恢复适应性分区方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(2):49-54.LIU Yutian,TAN Bingxue.Adaptive partition method for large power system restoration[J].Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(2):49-54.
[5] 林振智,文福拴,周浩.基于复杂网络社团结构的恢复子系统划分算法[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(12):12-16.LIN Zhenzhi,WEN Fushuan,ZHOU Hao.A new algorithm for restoration subsystem division based on community structure of complex network theory[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(12):12-16.
[6] 刘映尚,吴文传,冯永青,等.基于有序二元决策图的黑启动分区搜索策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(10):26-31.LIU Yingshang,WU Wenchuan,FENG Yongqing,et al.Black-start zone partitioning based on ordered binary decision diagram method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(10):26-31.
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[8] 梁海平,郝杰,顾雪平.计及节点恢复成功率的黑启动分区恢复方案优化[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(11):230-238.LIANG Haiping,HAO Jie,GU Xueping.Optimization of system partitioning schemes for black-start restoration considering the successful rate of node restoration[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(11):230-238.
[9] 赵腾,张焰,张志强.基于串行及并行恢复的电力系统重构[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(14):60-67.ZHAO Teng,ZHANG Yan,ZHANG Zhiqiang.Power system reconstruction based on hierarchical and partitioned restoration[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(14):60-67.
[10] 刘仲,牟龙华,杨智豪.大停电后含分布式电源的电网分区及负荷恢复方案[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(22):55-61.LIU Zhong,MOU Longhua,YANG Zhihao.Scheme for partitioning and load restoration of power grid containing distributed generation after blackout[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(22):55-61.
[11] 孙磊,张璨,林振智,等.大停电后电力系统黑启动分区的两步策略[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(9):14-21.SUN Lei,ZHANG Can,LIN Zhenzhi,et al.Two-step strategy for black-start zone partitioning of power system after blackout[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(9):14-21.
[12] SUN Lei,ZHANG Can,LIN Zhenzhi,et al.Network partitioning strategy for parallel power system restoration[J].IET Generation,Transmission & Distribution,2016,10(8):1883-1892.
[13] SAEEDEH A,MASOUD B,GINO J L.A parallel sectionalized restoration scheme for resilient smart grid systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2019,10(2):1660-1670..
[14] GOLSHANI A,SUN Wei,SUN Kai.Advanced power system partitioning method for fast and reliable restoration:toward a self-healing power grid[J].IET Generation,Transmission & Distribution,2018,12(1):42-52.
[15] 梁海平,顾雪平.基于谱聚类的黑启动子系统划分[J].电网技术,2013,37(2):372-377.LIANG Haiping,GU Xueping.Black-start network partitioning based on spectral clustering[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(2):372-377.
[16] 刘昌盛,谢云云,石屹岭,等.加快含快速切回机组电网恢复的动态分区策略[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(19):46-53.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170204004.LIU Changsheng,XIE Yunyun,SHI Yiling,et al.Dynamic partition strategy for fast restoration of power systems with fast cut back units[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(19):46-53.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170204004.
[17] 周剑,李建设,苏寅生.电网黑启动情况下高压直流输电系统启动条件分析[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(3):92-96.ZHOU Jian,LI Jianshe,SU Yinsheng.Analysis on start-up conditions of HVDC system in black-start[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(3):92-96.
[18] 刘昌盛,谢云云,周前,等.高压直流输电参与的电网恢复路径优化方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(9):2579-2589.LIU Changsheng,XIE Yunyun,ZHOU Qian,et al.Optimization of restoration path for blackout grid with the aid of high-voltage direct current transmission[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(9):2579-2589.
[19] 赵畹君.高压直流输电工程技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004.ZHAO Wanjun.HVDC transmission technology[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2004.
[20] LI Baohong,LIU Tianqi,XU Weihua,et al.Research on technical requirements of line-commutated converter-based high-voltage direct current participating in receiving end AC system’s black start[J].IET Generation,Transmission & Distribution,2016,10(9):2071-2078.
[21] ADIBI M M,BORKOSKI J N,KAFKA R J,et al.Frequency response of prime movers during restoration[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1999,14(2):751-756.
[22] 徐政.联于弱交流系统的直流输电特性研究之一——直流输电的输送能力[J].电网技术,1997,21(1):12-16.XU Zheng.Characteristics of HVDC connected to weak AC systems:Part 1 HVDC transmission capability[J].Power System Technology,1997,21(1):12-16.
[23] 邵瑶,汤涌.多馈入直流系统交互作用因子的影响因素分析[J].电网技术,2013,37(3):794-799.SHAO Yao,TANG Yong.Analysis of influencing factors of multi-infeed HVDC system interaction factor[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(3):794-799.
[24] 林伟芳,汤涌,卜广全.多馈入交直流系统短路比的定义和应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(31):1-8.LIN Weifang,TANG Yong,BU Guangquan.Definition and application of short circuit ratio for multi-infeed AC/DC power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(31):1-8.
[25] GIRVAN M,NEWMAN M E.Community structure in social and biological networks[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2002,99(12):7821-7826.
[26] 杨冬,刘玉田.基于网络社团结构特性量化分析的电磁环网分区方法[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(21):66-71.YANG Dong,LIU Yutian.A new method for electromagnetic loop partitioning based on quantitative analysis of network community structure characteristics[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(21):66-71.
[27] 张伯明,陈寿孙,严正.高等电力网络分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996:24-42.ZHANG Boming,CHEN Shousun,YAN Zheng.Advanced power network analysis[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,1996:24-42.
[2] 胡益,王晓茹.一种计及紧急功率支援的直流互联异步电网动态频率分析方法[J].电网技术,2018,42(9):2859-2870.HU Yi,WANG Xiaoru.A dynamic frequency analysis method for HVDC interconnected asynchronous power grid considering emergency power support[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(9):2859-2870.
[3] 顾雪平,韩忠晖,梁海平.电力系统大停电后系统分区恢复的优化算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(10):41-46.GU Xueping,HAN Zhonghui,LIANG Haiping.Optimization of parallel restoration through power system partitioning after blackout[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(10):41-46.
[4] 刘玉田,谭冰雪.大电网恢复适应性分区方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(2):49-54.LIU Yutian,TAN Bingxue.Adaptive partition method for large power system restoration[J].Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(2):49-54.
[5] 林振智,文福拴,周浩.基于复杂网络社团结构的恢复子系统划分算法[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(12):12-16.LIN Zhenzhi,WEN Fushuan,ZHOU Hao.A new algorithm for restoration subsystem division based on community structure of complex network theory[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(12):12-16.
[6] 刘映尚,吴文传,冯永青,等.基于有序二元决策图的黑启动分区搜索策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(10):26-31.LIU Yingshang,WU Wenchuan,FENG Yongqing,et al.Black-start zone partitioning based on ordered binary decision diagram method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(10):26-31.
[7] 石立宝,赤东阳,姚良忠,等.基于电网分区的负荷恢复智能优化策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(2):1-7.SHI Libao,CHI Dongyang,YAO Liangzhong,et al.Intelligent optimization strategy for load restoration considering power grid partitioning[J].Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(2):1-7.
[8] 梁海平,郝杰,顾雪平.计及节点恢复成功率的黑启动分区恢复方案优化[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(11):230-238.LIANG Haiping,HAO Jie,GU Xueping.Optimization of system partitioning schemes for black-start restoration considering the successful rate of node restoration[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(11):230-238.
[9] 赵腾,张焰,张志强.基于串行及并行恢复的电力系统重构[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(14):60-67.ZHAO Teng,ZHANG Yan,ZHANG Zhiqiang.Power system reconstruction based on hierarchical and partitioned restoration[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(14):60-67.
[10] 刘仲,牟龙华,杨智豪.大停电后含分布式电源的电网分区及负荷恢复方案[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(22):55-61.LIU Zhong,MOU Longhua,YANG Zhihao.Scheme for partitioning and load restoration of power grid containing distributed generation after blackout[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(22):55-61.
[11] 孙磊,张璨,林振智,等.大停电后电力系统黑启动分区的两步策略[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(9):14-21.SUN Lei,ZHANG Can,LIN Zhenzhi,et al.Two-step strategy for black-start zone partitioning of power system after blackout[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(9):14-21.
[12] SUN Lei,ZHANG Can,LIN Zhenzhi,et al.Network partitioning strategy for parallel power system restoration[J].IET Generation,Transmission & Distribution,2016,10(8):1883-1892.
[13] SAEEDEH A,MASOUD B,GINO J L.A parallel sectionalized restoration scheme for resilient smart grid systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2019,10(2):1660-1670..
[14] GOLSHANI A,SUN Wei,SUN Kai.Advanced power system partitioning method for fast and reliable restoration:toward a self-healing power grid[J].IET Generation,Transmission & Distribution,2018,12(1):42-52.
[15] 梁海平,顾雪平.基于谱聚类的黑启动子系统划分[J].电网技术,2013,37(2):372-377.LIANG Haiping,GU Xueping.Black-start network partitioning based on spectral clustering[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(2):372-377.
[16] 刘昌盛,谢云云,石屹岭,等.加快含快速切回机组电网恢复的动态分区策略[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(19):46-53.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170204004.LIU Changsheng,XIE Yunyun,SHI Yiling,et al.Dynamic partition strategy for fast restoration of power systems with fast cut back units[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(19):46-53.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170204004.
[17] 周剑,李建设,苏寅生.电网黑启动情况下高压直流输电系统启动条件分析[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(3):92-96.ZHOU Jian,LI Jianshe,SU Yinsheng.Analysis on start-up conditions of HVDC system in black-start[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(3):92-96.
[18] 刘昌盛,谢云云,周前,等.高压直流输电参与的电网恢复路径优化方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(9):2579-2589.LIU Changsheng,XIE Yunyun,ZHOU Qian,et al.Optimization of restoration path for blackout grid with the aid of high-voltage direct current transmission[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(9):2579-2589.
[19] 赵畹君.高压直流输电工程技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004.ZHAO Wanjun.HVDC transmission technology[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2004.
[20] LI Baohong,LIU Tianqi,XU Weihua,et al.Research on technical requirements of line-commutated converter-based high-voltage direct current participating in receiving end AC system’s black start[J].IET Generation,Transmission & Distribution,2016,10(9):2071-2078.
[21] ADIBI M M,BORKOSKI J N,KAFKA R J,et al.Frequency response of prime movers during restoration[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1999,14(2):751-756.
[22] 徐政.联于弱交流系统的直流输电特性研究之一——直流输电的输送能力[J].电网技术,1997,21(1):12-16.XU Zheng.Characteristics of HVDC connected to weak AC systems:Part 1 HVDC transmission capability[J].Power System Technology,1997,21(1):12-16.
[23] 邵瑶,汤涌.多馈入直流系统交互作用因子的影响因素分析[J].电网技术,2013,37(3):794-799.SHAO Yao,TANG Yong.Analysis of influencing factors of multi-infeed HVDC system interaction factor[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(3):794-799.
[24] 林伟芳,汤涌,卜广全.多馈入交直流系统短路比的定义和应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(31):1-8.LIN Weifang,TANG Yong,BU Guangquan.Definition and application of short circuit ratio for multi-infeed AC/DC power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(31):1-8.
[25] GIRVAN M,NEWMAN M E.Community structure in social and biological networks[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2002,99(12):7821-7826.
[26] 杨冬,刘玉田.基于网络社团结构特性量化分析的电磁环网分区方法[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(21):66-71.YANG Dong,LIU Yutian.A new method for electromagnetic loop partitioning based on quantitative analysis of network community structure characteristics[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(21):66-71.
[27] 张伯明,陈寿孙,严正.高等电力网络分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996:24-42.ZHANG Boming,CHEN Shousun,YAN Zheng.Advanced power network analysis[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,1996:24-42.