考虑可再生能源配额制的售电公司组合购电优化研究
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摘要
以风电购电量和绿色证书购买量作为实行配额的方法,协调售电公司在远期合约、现货、期权等多个市场的购电量,考虑负荷需求、风电购电量及电价的不确定性,采用条件风险价值度量损失的大小,以期望费用最小和遭受损失的风险最小为目标,建立期望购电费用-损失风险模型,并通过多目标粒子群优化法和模糊集理论进行求解.最后,通过算例分析可再生能源配额制、期权合约对售电公司的购电费用、损失的风险值和在各市场的购电量的影响,从而为售电公司在多市场环境下的购电策略提供参考.
The purchase of wind power and the purchase of green certificates had been regarded as the method of implementing quotas, and the power purchases of electricity retailer had been coordinated in various markets, such as forward contracts, spots and options. The uncertainty of load demand, wind power purchase and electricity price had been considered, and had used conditional value of risk to measure the loss, with the goal of minimizing the expected cost and minimizing the risk of loss, the expected cost-loss risk model had been established and solved by multi-objective particle swarm optimization and fuzzy set theory. Finally, an example had been given to analyze the impact of renewable energy quota system and option contract on the electricity purchase cost, the risk value of loss and the purchase of electricity in each market, this had provided a reference for the electricity retailers' power purchase strategy in a multi-market environment.
The purchase of wind power and the purchase of green certificates had been regarded as the method of implementing quotas, and the power purchases of electricity retailer had been coordinated in various markets, such as forward contracts, spots and options. The uncertainty of load demand, wind power purchase and electricity price had been considered, and had used conditional value of risk to measure the loss, with the goal of minimizing the expected cost and minimizing the risk of loss, the expected cost-loss risk model had been established and solved by multi-objective particle swarm optimization and fuzzy set theory. Finally, an example had been given to analyze the impact of renewable energy quota system and option contract on the electricity purchase cost, the risk value of loss and the purchase of electricity in each market, this had provided a reference for the electricity retailers' power purchase strategy in a multi-market environment.
引文
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[3] CONEJO A J,FERNANDEZ-GONZALEZ J J,ALGUACIL N.Energy procurement for large consumers in electricity markets[J].IEE Proceedings-Generation,Transmission and Distribution,2005,152(3):357-364.
[4] 谭忠富,张丽英,王绵斌,等.大用户控制购电成本风险的均值-熵权组合优化模型[J].电网技术,2009,33(11):65-70.
[5] 邸世辉.电力零售市场中零售商购售电收益-风险研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2008.
[6] 康重庆,庄彦,胡江溢,等.售电市场中售电量的风险分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(19):78-84.
[7] 黄海伦,严正,杨云益,等.考虑用户反应的配电公司最优购售电与风险管理策略[J].上海交通大学学报,2012,46(7):1122-1126.
[8] 王栋,方日升,温步瀛,等.基于均值-CVaR-熵的大用户购电组合优化模型研究[J].电网与清洁能源,2016,32(9):33-38.
[9] 陈彦州,赵俊华,文福拴,等.偏度风险价值下供电公司/电力零售公司动态购电组合策略[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(6):25-29.
[10] 王金凤.CVaR在电力市场风险管理中的应用研究[D].上海:上海大学,2012.
[11] 赵新刚,冯天天,杨益晟.可再生能源配额制对我国电源结构的影响机理及效果研究[J].电网技术,2014,38(4):974-979.
[12] 任东明.中国可再生能源配额制和实施对策探讨[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(22):25-28.
[13] 刘晓黎,张泽中,黄强,等.面向可再生能源配额制的可再生能源优化配置模型研究[J].太阳能学报,2008,29(2):256-260.
[14] 李璐,谭忠富,张恩源.可再生能源配额制实施中的市场力研究[J].继电器,2014,42(12):106-112.
[15] 张粒子,周娜,王楠.大规模风电接入电力系统调度模式的经济性比较[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(22):105-110.
[16] 国家发展改革委.可再生能源发展“十三五”规划[EB/OL].(2016-2-10)[2016-12-16].http://www.nea.gov.cn/135916140_14821175123931n.pdf.
[17] 国家能源局.关于征求建立燃煤火电机组非水可再生能源发电配额考核制度有关要求通知意见的函[EB/OL].(2016-4-22)[2016-04-25].https://www.solarbe.com/down/201604/25/2686.html.
[18] 方日升.考虑风电的省级电网多类市场购电风险研究[J].电网与清洁能源,2017,33(4):113-118.
[19] 吴杰康,唐力.基于模糊机会约束规划的水火电力系统多目标随机调度模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(25):26-34.