漓江中上游小流域土壤和底泥氮磷含量分布
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摘要
为分析漓江中上游土壤化学性质的差异,选取相对独立的两个小流域,即漓江中游的会仙试区和漓江上游的金龟河试区,对比分析两个试区土壤和底泥的pH、有机质、总氮、总磷4个指标。结果表明:1)漓江中上游两个小流域土壤和底泥氮、磷含量无显著差异;2)会仙试区土壤氮、磷平均含量分别为1.9,0.76 g/kg,金龟河试区土壤的氮、磷平均含量分别为2.54,0.52 g/kg,均处于较高水平,氮、磷易流失从而造成水体污染,存在一定环境风险。
In order to analyze the differences of soil chemical properties in the middle and upper reaches of the Lijiang River, two relatively independent small watersheds in the Lijiang River were selected to determine the pH value, organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus content in the soil and sediment. The two small watersheds were the Huixian experimental area in the middle reach of Lijiang River, and the Jingui River experimental area in the upper reach. The results showed that: 1) there was no significant difference between the nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the soil and sediment of the two watersheds; 2) that the average nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the soil of Huixian experimental area were 1.9, 0.76 g/kg respectively, and that in Jingui River experimental area were 2.54, 0.52 g/kg respectively, and the nitrogen and phosphorus contents in both of the two small watersheds maintained at a high level, and that would easily lead to nutrient losses and water pollution since nitrogen and phosphorus were easy to be washed away, thus there was a certain environmental risk.
In order to analyze the differences of soil chemical properties in the middle and upper reaches of the Lijiang River, two relatively independent small watersheds in the Lijiang River were selected to determine the pH value, organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus content in the soil and sediment. The two small watersheds were the Huixian experimental area in the middle reach of Lijiang River, and the Jingui River experimental area in the upper reach. The results showed that: 1) there was no significant difference between the nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the soil and sediment of the two watersheds; 2) that the average nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the soil of Huixian experimental area were 1.9, 0.76 g/kg respectively, and that in Jingui River experimental area were 2.54, 0.52 g/kg respectively, and the nitrogen and phosphorus contents in both of the two small watersheds maintained at a high level, and that would easily lead to nutrient losses and water pollution since nitrogen and phosphorus were easy to be washed away, thus there was a certain environmental risk.
引文
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[19] 唐家良,张斌,王明珠,等. 低丘红壤区小流域土壤肥力性质空间分布特征[J]. 土壤,2006,38(4):384-389.
[20] 王永壮,陈欣,史奕. 农田土壤中磷素有效性及影响因素[J]. 应用生态学报,2013,24(1):260-268.
[21] 翟丽华,刘鸿亮,席北斗,等. 农业源头沟渠沉积物氮磷吸附特性研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报,2008,27(4):1359-1363.
[2] 文湘华. 水体沉积物重金属质量基准研究[J]. 环境化学,1993(5):334-341.
[3] 金慧龙,李裕元,高茹,等. 亚热带小流域土壤氮磷分布及其环境效应[J]. 水土保持学报,2012,26(3):123-126.
[4] 宋轩,李立东,寇长林,等. 黄水河小流域土壤养分分布及其与地形的关系[J]. 应用生态学报,2011,22(12):3163-3168.
[5] 梁止水,邓琳,高海鹰,等. 南淝河底泥中氮磷空间分布规律及污染评价[J]. 环境工程,2013,31(增刊1):124-127.
[6] Zhang Q, Ball W P, Moyer D L. Decadal-scale export of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment from the Susquehanna River basin, USA: Analysis and synthesis of temporal and spatial patterns[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 563-564:1016-1029.
[7] 蔡德所,马祖陆. 漓江流域的主要生态环境问题研究[J]. 广西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2008,26(1):110-112.
[8] 蔡德所,马祖陆,赵湘桂,等. 桂林会仙岩溶湿地近40年演变的遥感监测[J]. 广西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2009,27(2):111-117.
[9] 吴应科,莫源富,邹胜章. 桂林会仙岩溶湿地的生态问题及其保护对策[J]. 中国岩溶,2006,25(1):85-88.
[10] 蔡德所. 会仙岩溶湿地生态系统研究[M]. 北京:地质出版社,2012.
[11] 鲁如坤. 土壤农业化学分析方法[M]. 北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.
[12] Hou R X, Ouyang Z, Li Y S, et al. Effects of tillage and residue management on soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in the North China Plain[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2012, 76(1):230.
[13] 姬钢,徐明岗,文石林,等. 不同植被类型下红壤pH和交换性酸的剖面特征[J]. 应用生态学报,2015,26(9):2639-2645.
[14] 司友斌,王慎强. 农田氮、磷的流失与水体富营养化[J]. 土壤,2000,32(4):188-193.
[15] 范成新,杨龙元,张路. 太湖底泥及其间隙水中氮磷垂直分布及相互关系分析[J]. 湖泊科学,2000,12(4):359-366.
[16] 隋红建,杨邦杰. 入渗条件下土壤中磷离子迁移的数值模拟[J]. 环境科学学报,1996,16(3):302-308.
[17] Reddy K R, Connor G A O, Gale P M. Phosphorus sorption capacities of wetland soils and stream sediments impacted by dairy effluent[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality, 1998, 27(2):438-447.
[18] Tanner C C, Sukias J P S, Upsdell M P. Relationships between loading rates and pollutant removal during maturation of gravel-bed constructed wetlands[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality, 1998, 27(2):448-458.
[19] 唐家良,张斌,王明珠,等. 低丘红壤区小流域土壤肥力性质空间分布特征[J]. 土壤,2006,38(4):384-389.
[20] 王永壮,陈欣,史奕. 农田土壤中磷素有效性及影响因素[J]. 应用生态学报,2013,24(1):260-268.
[21] 翟丽华,刘鸿亮,席北斗,等. 农业源头沟渠沉积物氮磷吸附特性研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报,2008,27(4):1359-1363.