野生花卉大火草的研究现状与发展前景
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摘要
野生花卉通常均具有较高的观赏价值和经济价值。我国的野生花卉资源十分丰富,加强野生花卉在城市园林造景和沙荒地造林绿化中的应用,可以提高城市园林景观的自然度,使城市与自然环境相互融合,创造出自然和谐的人居环境;也可以增加沙荒地地表绿化面积,减轻土壤风蚀;同时,还可以产出大量的药材,产生一定的经济效益,为区域经济的发展起到促进作用。因此认为,人工种植和大力发展野生花卉在带来环境效益的同时,还能产生一定的经济效益和社会效益。大火草是一种具有很高观赏价值和药用价值的优良野生花卉,在我国西北、西南各省区均有天然分布。大火草叶片大、基生叶贴地生长、覆盖地表效果好;花色艳丽、姿态优美、花期较长;根茎所含化学成分多,药理作用良好;此外,大火草属于宿根植物、栽培简单、管理粗放、抗逆性强,一次种植后能够产生多年的效益。基于此,本文对大火草的生物学特征、药理作用与价值、栽培技术与管理3方面的研究成果进行综述,并指出目前关于大火草研究中尚存在的不足,分析大火草今后的研究与发展前景,以期引起科研工作者与园林工作者对大火草的重视,也为进一步保护和利用大火草收集一定的基础材料和科学依据,对今后大火草的科学研究与开发利用具有理论和现实意义。
Wild flowers usually have high ornamental value and economic value. China's wild flower resources are very rich. It can improve the naturalness of urban landscapes,integrate urban and natural environment,create a natural harmony living environment. Increase the green area and reduce soil wind erosion,produce a large amount of medicinal materials to promote the development of the regional economy by strengthening the application of wild flowers in urban landscaping and afforestation in sandyland. Therefore,the planting of wild flowers can produce environmental benefits,economic benefits and social benefits. Anemone tomentosa is a kind of choiceness wild flowers,which has high ornamental value and medicinal value. It was quite widely distributed in northwest and southwest China. Anemone tomentosa has large leaves,gorgeous color,longer flowering,graceful shape,at the same time,it has a high medicinal value. In addition,this plant also has some advantages such as hardiness,simple cultivation,extensive management. This paper reviews the biological characteristics,pharmacological effects and values,cultivation techniques and management of Anemone tomentosa. While,it pointed out the current problems in the research of the Anemone tomentosa,and analyzed the future development prospects of the Anemone tomentosa. In order to attract the attention of researchers and garden workers to Anemone tomentosa,it also has certain theoretical materials and scientific basis for further protection and utilization of Anemone tomentosa,and has theoretical and practical significance for the future scientific research and development and utilization of Anemone tomentosa.
Wild flowers usually have high ornamental value and economic value. China's wild flower resources are very rich. It can improve the naturalness of urban landscapes,integrate urban and natural environment,create a natural harmony living environment. Increase the green area and reduce soil wind erosion,produce a large amount of medicinal materials to promote the development of the regional economy by strengthening the application of wild flowers in urban landscaping and afforestation in sandyland. Therefore,the planting of wild flowers can produce environmental benefits,economic benefits and social benefits. Anemone tomentosa is a kind of choiceness wild flowers,which has high ornamental value and medicinal value. It was quite widely distributed in northwest and southwest China. Anemone tomentosa has large leaves,gorgeous color,longer flowering,graceful shape,at the same time,it has a high medicinal value. In addition,this plant also has some advantages such as hardiness,simple cultivation,extensive management. This paper reviews the biological characteristics,pharmacological effects and values,cultivation techniques and management of Anemone tomentosa. While,it pointed out the current problems in the research of the Anemone tomentosa,and analyzed the future development prospects of the Anemone tomentosa. In order to attract the attention of researchers and garden workers to Anemone tomentosa,it also has certain theoretical materials and scientific basis for further protection and utilization of Anemone tomentosa,and has theoretical and practical significance for the future scientific research and development and utilization of Anemone tomentosa.
引文
[1]赵九洲,郭绍霞.野生花卉在我国北方园林中的应用研究[J].南京林业大学学报:社会科学版,2004,4(1):84-88.
[2]贾漫丽,王静,李娜,等.北方野生花卉资源在园林中的应用[J].河北林果研究,2013,28(2):154-156.
[3]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,1980.
[4]曹媛,扆铁梅.大火草形态解剖的研究[J].山西农业大学学报:自然科学版,2010,30(1):65-69.
[5]阎钟坤,刘绍友,张玉琳,等.打破碗花花的杀虫作用及化学成分的初步研究[J].西北植物学报,1990,10(2):141-148.
[6]邴飞虹,江俊,郭晓林.银莲花胶囊抗过敏及抗炎作用研究[J].湖北中医学院学报,1999,1(2):55-56.
[7]廖循,李伯刚,丁立生,等.复伞银莲花中的三萜皂苷[J].有机化学,2001,21(4):299-304.
[8]钟长斌,李翔.白头翁的化学成分及药理作用研究概述[J].中国医药刊,2003,21(8):1338-1339.
[9]Yokosuka A,Sano T,Hashimoto K,et al.Triterpene glycosides from the whole plant of Anemone hupehensis[J].Chem Pham Bull,2009,57(12):1425-1430.
[10]Wang X Y,Chen X L,Tang H F,et al.Cytotoxic triterpenoid saponins from the rhizomes of Anemone taipaiensis[J].Planta Medica,2011,77:1550-1554.
[11]胡浩斌,郑旭东,朱继华,等.大火草根的化学成分研究[J].中国药学杂志,2011,46(4):252-255.
[12]李香,魏学军,邵进明,等.野棉花根的挥发性成分分析[J].贵州农业科学,2015,43(7):133-136.
[13]王俊儒,马建琪,彭树林,等.大火草化学成分及其拒食活性研究初报[J].西北植物学报,1998,18(4):643-644.
[14]王俊儒,彭树林,王明奎,等.大火草根部的化学成分[J].植物学报,1999,41(1):107-110.
[15]Hu H B,Zheng X D,Jian F,et al.Flavonoids from Anemone tomentosa roots[J].Chem Nat Comp.2010,46(4):636-637.
[16]Hu H B,Zheng X D,JianY F,et al.Constituents of the root of Anemone tomentosa[J].Archives Pharmacal Research.2011,34(7):97-1105.
[17]王熠,汤海峰.大火草中两个新的三萜皂苷的结构鉴定[A].2011,138-143.
[18]王熠.大火草的皂苷类成分研究[D].西安:第四军医大学,2012.5.
[19]杨林,于爱红,邵文斌,等.大火草总黄酮超声提取工艺研究[J].食品工业科技,2012,(7):244-246,250.
[20]曹媛,扆铁梅.大火草种子发芽特性研究[J].山西农业大学学报:自然科学版,2012,32(3):213-217.
[21]王凤祥.家庭栽培大火草[J].中国花卉盆景,2008,(11):6-7.
[22]曹媛,扆铁梅.大火草生长发育和形态特点的研究[J].山西农业大学学报:自然科学版,2009,29(5):419-422.
[2]贾漫丽,王静,李娜,等.北方野生花卉资源在园林中的应用[J].河北林果研究,2013,28(2):154-156.
[3]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,1980.
[4]曹媛,扆铁梅.大火草形态解剖的研究[J].山西农业大学学报:自然科学版,2010,30(1):65-69.
[5]阎钟坤,刘绍友,张玉琳,等.打破碗花花的杀虫作用及化学成分的初步研究[J].西北植物学报,1990,10(2):141-148.
[6]邴飞虹,江俊,郭晓林.银莲花胶囊抗过敏及抗炎作用研究[J].湖北中医学院学报,1999,1(2):55-56.
[7]廖循,李伯刚,丁立生,等.复伞银莲花中的三萜皂苷[J].有机化学,2001,21(4):299-304.
[8]钟长斌,李翔.白头翁的化学成分及药理作用研究概述[J].中国医药刊,2003,21(8):1338-1339.
[9]Yokosuka A,Sano T,Hashimoto K,et al.Triterpene glycosides from the whole plant of Anemone hupehensis[J].Chem Pham Bull,2009,57(12):1425-1430.
[10]Wang X Y,Chen X L,Tang H F,et al.Cytotoxic triterpenoid saponins from the rhizomes of Anemone taipaiensis[J].Planta Medica,2011,77:1550-1554.
[11]胡浩斌,郑旭东,朱继华,等.大火草根的化学成分研究[J].中国药学杂志,2011,46(4):252-255.
[12]李香,魏学军,邵进明,等.野棉花根的挥发性成分分析[J].贵州农业科学,2015,43(7):133-136.
[13]王俊儒,马建琪,彭树林,等.大火草化学成分及其拒食活性研究初报[J].西北植物学报,1998,18(4):643-644.
[14]王俊儒,彭树林,王明奎,等.大火草根部的化学成分[J].植物学报,1999,41(1):107-110.
[15]Hu H B,Zheng X D,Jian F,et al.Flavonoids from Anemone tomentosa roots[J].Chem Nat Comp.2010,46(4):636-637.
[16]Hu H B,Zheng X D,JianY F,et al.Constituents of the root of Anemone tomentosa[J].Archives Pharmacal Research.2011,34(7):97-1105.
[17]王熠,汤海峰.大火草中两个新的三萜皂苷的结构鉴定[A].2011,138-143.
[18]王熠.大火草的皂苷类成分研究[D].西安:第四军医大学,2012.5.
[19]杨林,于爱红,邵文斌,等.大火草总黄酮超声提取工艺研究[J].食品工业科技,2012,(7):244-246,250.
[20]曹媛,扆铁梅.大火草种子发芽特性研究[J].山西农业大学学报:自然科学版,2012,32(3):213-217.
[21]王凤祥.家庭栽培大火草[J].中国花卉盆景,2008,(11):6-7.
[22]曹媛,扆铁梅.大火草生长发育和形态特点的研究[J].山西农业大学学报:自然科学版,2009,29(5):419-422.