基于模态的玉米高速精密排种器振动特性分析
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摘要
高速高效是目前玉米播种机的发展方向,但随着播种速度的提升,耕作地表激励所产生的振动会对排种器工作性能造成影响。为研究排种器在耕作地表激励下的振动响应,以气吸式玉米高速精密排种器为分析对象,通过模态分析、振动测试相结合的方法,研究排种器自身振动特性及其在播种作业过程中耕作地表激励下的振动响应,判断排种器是否会在工作工程中产生共振,影响工作性能,降低整机耐久性。分析结果表明:当播种机作业速度在6～12km/h时,经功率谱密度分析,耕作地表振动信号主激励频率范围为3～10Hz,远低于排种器总成的1阶约束模态53. 8Hz,排种器在工作过程中不会因地表激励引发共振,结构设计合理。本文有助于协助排种器设计人员了解排种器的刚度分布及地表激励振动频谱分布,对后续设计手段和设计流程的提升有一定的帮助。
High-speed and high-efficiency is the development direction of corn seeder at present. However,with the increase of sowing speed,the vibration caused by tillage surface stimulation will affect the performance of seed-metering device. In order to study the vibration response of the seeder under the stimulus of tillage surface,this paper analyzed the vibration characteristics of the seeder with its own high-speed precision seeding device and the research methods of modal analysis and vibration test. It's showing in the process of farming under the guidance of the surface vibration of the vibration response to determine whether the planter will produce resonance in the work project,affecting work performance and reduce overall durability. The results show that the main operating frequency of tillage surface vibration signal is 3-10 Hz,which is much lower than the first-order constrained mode 53. 8 Hz of seeder assembly by power spectral density analysis,Seed metering device in the work process will not cause resonance due to surface excitation,structural design and reasonable. This article helps to assist the planter designer in understanding the stiffness distribution of the seeder and the distribution of the surface excitation vibration spectrum,which has a positive effect on the follow-up design measures and the design process.
High-speed and high-efficiency is the development direction of corn seeder at present. However,with the increase of sowing speed,the vibration caused by tillage surface stimulation will affect the performance of seed-metering device. In order to study the vibration response of the seeder under the stimulus of tillage surface,this paper analyzed the vibration characteristics of the seeder with its own high-speed precision seeding device and the research methods of modal analysis and vibration test. It's showing in the process of farming under the guidance of the surface vibration of the vibration response to determine whether the planter will produce resonance in the work project,affecting work performance and reduce overall durability. The results show that the main operating frequency of tillage surface vibration signal is 3-10 Hz,which is much lower than the first-order constrained mode 53. 8 Hz of seeder assembly by power spectral density analysis,Seed metering device in the work process will not cause resonance due to surface excitation,structural design and reasonable. This article helps to assist the planter designer in understanding the stiffness distribution of the seeder and the distribution of the surface excitation vibration spectrum,which has a positive effect on the follow-up design measures and the design process.
引文
[1]史嵩.气压组合孔式玉米精量排种器设计与试验研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2015.
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[5]刘虎,邸志峰.玉米收获机脱粒滚筒的模态及强度分析-基于ABAQUS[J].农机化研究,2017,39(4):37-41.
[6]陈江龙,盛德仁,陈坚红,等.基于模态分析的汽轮机叶片有限元拓扑结构优化[J].电站系统工程,2005(21):51-53.
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[8]徐平,郝旺身.振动信号处理与数据分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2016.
[2]李国林,宋炜,毛俐,等.国内外几种主要排种器的特点[J].农业科技与装备,2011(8):70-71,73.
[3]王庆和.国内气力式精密播种机的研制简况[J].农牧与食品机械,1991(1):9-11,26.
[4]杨英,赵广耀,孟凡亮.某轿车白车身模态分析与试验研究[J].东北大学学报,2008(7):1046-1048.
[5]刘虎,邸志峰.玉米收获机脱粒滚筒的模态及强度分析-基于ABAQUS[J].农机化研究,2017,39(4):37-41.
[6]陈江龙,盛德仁,陈坚红,等.基于模态分析的汽轮机叶片有限元拓扑结构优化[J].电站系统工程,2005(21):51-53.
[7]江丙云,孔祥宏,罗元元. ABAQUS工程实例详解[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2014.
[8]徐平,郝旺身.振动信号处理与数据分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2016.