鄂尔多斯盆地东部深部煤层气井压裂工艺及实践
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摘要
鄂尔多斯盆地东部深部煤层气(埋深大于1 200m)资源丰富,是下步煤层气勘探、开发的重点。与浅部煤层压裂相比,深部煤层压裂存在诸多挑战(地应力、闭合应力、破裂压力高,岩石力学参数复杂等)。通过对比现有煤层压裂工艺,以鄂尔多斯盆地东部深部煤层(埋深约2 000 m)为例,探索了采用油管+循环滑套+封隔器+喇叭口施工管柱和低浓度线性胶压裂液体系对深部煤层进行压裂作业,施工比较顺利,见气快,产气效果比较理想(产气量大于800 m3/d)。通过2口井的现场作业实践,证明了该工艺技术简单、易行、有效,为后续深部煤层气的勘探开发提供可借鉴的工艺技术。
The resources of deep coalbed methane buried at depth of more than 1 200 m in the eastern Ordos basin are rich and the key point for further exploration and development of CBM in the future. Compared with shallow CBM fracturing, there are many challenges in deep CBM fracturing such as with high situ stress, high closure stress,breakdown pressure as well as complex mechanical parameters of rock. Combined with the existing practice of CBM fracturing, taking the deep CBM buried at depth of about 2 000 m in the eastern Ordos basin as an example,tubing+ circulating SSD +packer +tubing shoes were used as operation string and low concentration linear gel as fracturing fluid system. Through on-site operation in 2 wells, the construction is relatively smooth, gas production is quite satisfactory(the output is above 800 m3/d). It proves that the process is simple and easy and provides reference technology for deep CBM fracturing.
The resources of deep coalbed methane buried at depth of more than 1 200 m in the eastern Ordos basin are rich and the key point for further exploration and development of CBM in the future. Compared with shallow CBM fracturing, there are many challenges in deep CBM fracturing such as with high situ stress, high closure stress,breakdown pressure as well as complex mechanical parameters of rock. Combined with the existing practice of CBM fracturing, taking the deep CBM buried at depth of about 2 000 m in the eastern Ordos basin as an example,tubing+ circulating SSD +packer +tubing shoes were used as operation string and low concentration linear gel as fracturing fluid system. Through on-site operation in 2 wells, the construction is relatively smooth, gas production is quite satisfactory(the output is above 800 m3/d). It proves that the process is simple and easy and provides reference technology for deep CBM fracturing.
引文
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[12]陈尚斌,朱炎铭,刘通义,等.清洁压裂液对煤层气吸附性能的影响[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(1):89-93.CHEN Shangbin,ZHU Yanming,LIU Tongyi,et al.Impact of the clear fracturing fluid on the adsorption properties of CBM[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(1):89-93.
[13]王绪性,仲冠宇,郭布民,等.沁水盆地南部3号煤压裂曲线特征及施工建议[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(3):36-39.WANG Xuxing,ZHONG Guanyu,GUO Bumin,et al.Characteristic of fracturing curve of seam No.3 in south of Qinshui basin and suggestion about operation[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(3):36-39.
[2]陈刚,秦勇,李五忠,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东部深层煤层气成藏地质条件分析[J].高校地质学报,2012,18(3):465-473.CHEN Gang,QIN Yong,LI Wuzhong,et al.Analysis of geological conditions of deep coalbed methane reservoiring in the eastern Ordos basin[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2012,18(3):465-473.
[3]杨兆中,杨苏,张健,等.800 m以深直井煤储层压裂特征分析[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(1):100-104.YANG Zhaozhong,YANG Su,ZHANG Jian,et al.Fracturing characteristics analysis of 800 meters deeper coalbed methane vertical wells[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(1):100-104.
[4]陈刚,李五忠.鄂尔多斯盆地深部煤层气吸附能力的影响因素及规律[J].天然气工业,2011,31(10):47-49.CHEN Gang,LI Wuzhong.Influencing factors and patterns of CBM adsorption capacity in deep Ordos basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(10):47-49.
[5]秦勇,宋全友,傅雪海.煤层气与常规油气共采可行性探讨:深部煤储层平衡水条件下的吸附效应[J].天然气与地球科学,2005,16(4):492-498.QIN Yong,SONG Quanyou,FU Xuehai.Discussion on reliability for co-mining the coalbed gas and normal petroleum and natural gas absorptive effect of deep coal reservoir under condition of balanced water[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2005,16(4):492-498.
[6]李辛子,王运海,姜昭琛,等.深部煤层气勘探开发进展与研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(1):24-31.LI Xinzi,WANG Yunhai,JIANG Zhaochen,et al.Progress and study on exploration and production for deep coalbed methane[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(1):24-31.
[7]杨兆中,韩金轩,付蔷,等.煤储层不同尺寸孔中H2O对CH4解吸扩散的分子模拟研究[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(5):951-957.YANG Zhaozhong,HAN Jinxuan,FU Qiang,et al.The molecular simulation of the influence of H2O on CH4 desorption and diffusion in pores with different size of coal reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(5):951-957.
[8]张军涛,郭庆,汶锋刚.深层煤层气压裂技术的研究与应用[J].延安大学学报(自然科学版),2015,34(1):78-80.ZHANG Juntao,GUO Qing,WEN Fenggang.Research and application of deep coalbed methane fracturing technology[J].Journal of Yan’an University(Natural Science Edition),2015,34(1):78-80.
[9]叶建平,张兵,韩学婷,等.深煤层井组CO2注入提高采收率关键参数模拟和试验[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(1):149-155.YE Jianping,ZHANG Bing,HAN Xueting,et al.Well group carbon dioxide injection for enhanced coalbed methane recovery and key parameter of the numerical simulation and application in deep coalbed methane[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(1):149-155.
[10]申建,秦勇,张春杰,等.沁水盆地深煤层注入CO2提高煤层气采收率可行性分析[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(1):156-161.SHEN Jian,QIN Yong,ZHANG Chunjie,et al.Feasibility of enhanced coalbed methane recovery by CO2 sequestration into deep coalbed of Qinshui basin[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(1):156-161.
[11]陈海汇,范洪富,郭建平,等.煤层气井水力压裂液分析与展望[J].煤田地质与勘探,2017,45(5):33-40.CHEN Haihui,FAN Hongfu,GUO Jianping,et al.Analysis and prospect on hydraulic fracturing fluid used in coalbed methane well[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2017,45(5):33-40.
[12]陈尚斌,朱炎铭,刘通义,等.清洁压裂液对煤层气吸附性能的影响[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(1):89-93.CHEN Shangbin,ZHU Yanming,LIU Tongyi,et al.Impact of the clear fracturing fluid on the adsorption properties of CBM[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(1):89-93.
[13]王绪性,仲冠宇,郭布民,等.沁水盆地南部3号煤压裂曲线特征及施工建议[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(3):36-39.WANG Xuxing,ZHONG Guanyu,GUO Bumin,et al.Characteristic of fracturing curve of seam No.3 in south of Qinshui basin and suggestion about operation[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(3):36-39.