不同品系赤眼蜂对桃蛀螟卵的寄生选择性
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摘要
近年来,桃蛀螟已成为黄淮海夏玉米穗期的主要害虫之一。其幼虫的为害直接降低了玉米产量和品质,对玉米安全生产构成严重威胁。由于其幼虫钻蛀为害的特性以及化学防治的弊端使其防治难度增加。为了更好的开展利用赤眼蜂防治桃蛀螟,我们对广泛用于鳞翅目害虫生物防治的松毛虫赤眼蜂、螟黄赤眼蜂和玉米螟赤眼蜂的11个品系对桃蛀螟卵的寄主选择性进行了比较,以期筛选出对桃蛀螟卵寄生效果好的赤眼蜂品系。结果表明,寄生24 h后,松毛虫赤眼蜂Sd和Xd品系和玉米螟赤眼蜂So和Zo品系单头雌蜂在选择性试验中对桃蛀螟卵的寄生卵粒数分别为14.35、15.05、14.65和13.45粒,非选择试验中为15.8、16.1、13.8和13.1粒,均对桃蛀螟卵均有较好的寄生能力;各品系赤眼蜂后代的羽化率保持在93.64%～98.37%,雌性比也表现较好,在73.10%～89.39%,后代出蜂数介于13.18～18.40。综合来看,玉米螟赤眼蜂So和Zo品系和松毛虫赤眼蜂Sd和Xd品系可以作为防治桃蛀螟的候选赤眼蜂用于进一步的田间防治试验。
Yellow peach moth, Conogethes punctiferalis, has became one of the major pests of summer corn ear in Huang-Huai-Hai region in China in recent years. The damage directly reduces the quality and yield of corn. It is difficult to control C. punctiferalis with chemical spray due to the larvae boring into the corn ear. In order to select the suitable Trichogramma strains for control of C. punctifueralis, we compared the parasitism and suitability of eleven strains of T. ostriniae, T. dendrolimi and T. chilonis, which are used widely in biological control of lepidopterous pests, on eggs of C. punctiferalis. The Sd and Xd strains of T. dendrolimi and the So and Zo strains of T. ostriniae showed higher performance than other strains in both choice and non-choice tests. The number of eggs parasitized by Sd, Xd, So and Zo strains was 14.35, 15.05, 14.65, and 13.45 in choice tests, and 15.8, 16.1, 13.8, and 13.1 in non-choice tests, respectively. The emergence rate, female rate of progeny, and the number of progeny per female ranged between 93.64%—98.37%, 73.10%—89.39%, and 13.18—18.40, respectively. Overall, we could draw a conclusion that Sd, Xd, So and Zo could be used as candidates for control of C. puntiferalis in field trial.
Yellow peach moth, Conogethes punctiferalis, has became one of the major pests of summer corn ear in Huang-Huai-Hai region in China in recent years. The damage directly reduces the quality and yield of corn. It is difficult to control C. punctiferalis with chemical spray due to the larvae boring into the corn ear. In order to select the suitable Trichogramma strains for control of C. punctifueralis, we compared the parasitism and suitability of eleven strains of T. ostriniae, T. dendrolimi and T. chilonis, which are used widely in biological control of lepidopterous pests, on eggs of C. punctiferalis. The Sd and Xd strains of T. dendrolimi and the So and Zo strains of T. ostriniae showed higher performance than other strains in both choice and non-choice tests. The number of eggs parasitized by Sd, Xd, So and Zo strains was 14.35, 15.05, 14.65, and 13.45 in choice tests, and 15.8, 16.1, 13.8, and 13.1 in non-choice tests, respectively. The emergence rate, female rate of progeny, and the number of progeny per female ranged between 93.64%—98.37%, 73.10%—89.39%, and 13.18—18.40, respectively. Overall, we could draw a conclusion that Sd, Xd, So and Zo could be used as candidates for control of C. puntiferalis in field trial.
引文
[1]王振营,何康来,石洁,等.桃蛀螟在玉米上危害加重原因与控制对策[J].植物保护,2006,32(2):67-69.
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[7]吴立民,陆化森.玉米田桃蛀螟发生规律的研究[J].昆虫知识,1995,32(4):207-210.
[8]石洁,王振营,何康来.黄淮海地区夏玉米病虫害发生趋势与原因分析[J].植物保护,2005,31(5):63-65.
[9]王振营,王蓝鸣.我国玉米螟病虫害发生现状、趋势与防控对策[J].植物保护,2019,45(1):1-11.
[10]杨硕,石洁,张海剑,等.桃蛀螟为害夏玉米果穗对产量的影响[J].植物保护学报,2015,42(6):991-996.
[11]刘玥,李荣荣,何康来,等.桃蛀螟为害对春玉米镰孢穗腐病发生及产量损失的影响[J].昆虫学报,2017,60(5):576-581.
[12]Wang Z Y,He K L,Zhang F,et al.Mass rearing and release of Trichogramma for biological control of insect pests of corn in China[J].Biological Control,2014,68(1):136-144.
[13]Song L W,Wen X Y,Zang L S,et al.Parasitism and suitability of different egg ages of the Leguminivora glycinivorella(Lepidoptera:Tortricidae)for three indigenous Trichogramma species[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,2015,108(3):933-939.
[14]Hassan S A,Guo M F.Selection of effective strains of egg parasites of the genus Trichogramma(Hym.,Trichogrammatidae)to control the European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis Hb.(Lep.,Pyralidae)[J].Journal of Applied Entomology,1991,111(1-5):335-341.
[15]Monje J C,Ohnesorge B,Zebitz C P W.Host and host age preference of Trichogramma galloi and T.pretiosum(Hymenoptera:Trichogrammatidae)reared on different hosts[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,1999,92(1):97-103.
[16]杜艳丽,张民照,马永强,等.桃蛀螟性诱剂配方筛选与田间引诱试验[J].植物保护学报,2014,42(2):187-191.
[17]鹿金秋,王振营,何康来,等.桃蛀螟研究的历史、现状与展望[J].植物保护,2010,36(2):31-38.
[18]邱式邦,杨怀文.生物防治——害虫综合防治的重要内容[J].植物保护,2007,33(5):1-6.
[19]高希武.我国害虫化学防治现状与发展策略[J].植物保护,2010,36(4):19-22.
[20]Hassan S A.Selection of suitable Trichogramma strains to control the codling moth Cydia pomonella and the two summer fruit tortrix moths Adoxophyes orana,Pandemis heparana(Lep.:Tortricidae)[J].Entomophaga,1989,34(1):19-27.
[21]Smith S M.Biological control with Trichogramma:advances,successes,and potential of their use[J].Annual Review of Entomology,1996,41(1):375-406.
[22]Aurore D,Claraisabelrodri?Guez A,Jean-Michel D,et al.Do parasitoid preferences for different host species match virulence?[J].Physiological Entomology,2006,2(2):170-177.
[23]Rolff J,Kraaijeveld A R.Host preference and survival in selected lines of a Drosophila,parasitoid,Asobara tabida[J].Journal of Evolutionary Biology,2001,14(5):742-745.
[24]Han L B,Huang L Q,Wang C Z.Host preference and suitability in the endoparasitoid Campoletis chlorideae is associated with its ability to suppress host immune responses[J].Ecological Entomology,2013,38(2):173-182.
[25]王福莲,侯茂林,万方浩,等.不同品系赤眼蜂对烟青虫卵的寄生选择性[J].中国生物防治,2005,21(3):136-141.
[26]李根君,姜峰立,郭建军.米蛾的形态及习性观察[J].昆虫知识,1982(6):18-20.
[27]艾鹏鹏,杨瑞,张民照,等.桃蛀螟各虫态形态学特征观察[J].北京农学院学报,2014,29(3):53-55.
[28]李丽英,陈巧贤,刘文惠.十二种赤眼蜂的产卵行为及其与体外培育成功率的关系[J].昆虫天敌,1989,11(1):31-35.
[29]王振营,周大荣,Hassan S A.几种赤眼蜂品系对欧洲玉米螟卵寄生选择性比较[J].植物保护,1995,21(6):39-42.
[2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所.中国农作物病虫害(第三版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2015.
[3]Xiao W,Matsuyama S,Ando T,et al.Unsaturated cuticular hydrocarbons synergize responses to sex attractant pheromone in the yellow peach moth,Conogethes punctiferalis[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,2012,38(9):1143-1150.
[4]Li D Y,Ai P P,Du Y L,et al.Effects of different host plants on the development and reproduction of yellow peach moth,Conogethes punctiferalis(Guenée,1854)(Lepidoptera:Crambidae)[J].Austral Entomology,2015,54(2):149-153.
[5]Honda H,Kaneko J I,Konno Y,et al.A simple method for mass-rearing of the yellow peach moth,Dichocrocis puncriferalis Guenée(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae),on an artificial diet[J].Applied Entomology and Zoology,1979,14(4):464-468.
[6]赵士文,陈秀琳,陈丽慧,等.陕西省关中夏玉米后期钻蛀性害虫的发生及不同玉米品种的抗虫性调查[J].植物保护,2017,43(5):164-168.
[7]吴立民,陆化森.玉米田桃蛀螟发生规律的研究[J].昆虫知识,1995,32(4):207-210.
[8]石洁,王振营,何康来.黄淮海地区夏玉米病虫害发生趋势与原因分析[J].植物保护,2005,31(5):63-65.
[9]王振营,王蓝鸣.我国玉米螟病虫害发生现状、趋势与防控对策[J].植物保护,2019,45(1):1-11.
[10]杨硕,石洁,张海剑,等.桃蛀螟为害夏玉米果穗对产量的影响[J].植物保护学报,2015,42(6):991-996.
[11]刘玥,李荣荣,何康来,等.桃蛀螟为害对春玉米镰孢穗腐病发生及产量损失的影响[J].昆虫学报,2017,60(5):576-581.
[12]Wang Z Y,He K L,Zhang F,et al.Mass rearing and release of Trichogramma for biological control of insect pests of corn in China[J].Biological Control,2014,68(1):136-144.
[13]Song L W,Wen X Y,Zang L S,et al.Parasitism and suitability of different egg ages of the Leguminivora glycinivorella(Lepidoptera:Tortricidae)for three indigenous Trichogramma species[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,2015,108(3):933-939.
[14]Hassan S A,Guo M F.Selection of effective strains of egg parasites of the genus Trichogramma(Hym.,Trichogrammatidae)to control the European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis Hb.(Lep.,Pyralidae)[J].Journal of Applied Entomology,1991,111(1-5):335-341.
[15]Monje J C,Ohnesorge B,Zebitz C P W.Host and host age preference of Trichogramma galloi and T.pretiosum(Hymenoptera:Trichogrammatidae)reared on different hosts[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,1999,92(1):97-103.
[16]杜艳丽,张民照,马永强,等.桃蛀螟性诱剂配方筛选与田间引诱试验[J].植物保护学报,2014,42(2):187-191.
[17]鹿金秋,王振营,何康来,等.桃蛀螟研究的历史、现状与展望[J].植物保护,2010,36(2):31-38.
[18]邱式邦,杨怀文.生物防治——害虫综合防治的重要内容[J].植物保护,2007,33(5):1-6.
[19]高希武.我国害虫化学防治现状与发展策略[J].植物保护,2010,36(4):19-22.
[20]Hassan S A.Selection of suitable Trichogramma strains to control the codling moth Cydia pomonella and the two summer fruit tortrix moths Adoxophyes orana,Pandemis heparana(Lep.:Tortricidae)[J].Entomophaga,1989,34(1):19-27.
[21]Smith S M.Biological control with Trichogramma:advances,successes,and potential of their use[J].Annual Review of Entomology,1996,41(1):375-406.
[22]Aurore D,Claraisabelrodri?Guez A,Jean-Michel D,et al.Do parasitoid preferences for different host species match virulence?[J].Physiological Entomology,2006,2(2):170-177.
[23]Rolff J,Kraaijeveld A R.Host preference and survival in selected lines of a Drosophila,parasitoid,Asobara tabida[J].Journal of Evolutionary Biology,2001,14(5):742-745.
[24]Han L B,Huang L Q,Wang C Z.Host preference and suitability in the endoparasitoid Campoletis chlorideae is associated with its ability to suppress host immune responses[J].Ecological Entomology,2013,38(2):173-182.
[25]王福莲,侯茂林,万方浩,等.不同品系赤眼蜂对烟青虫卵的寄生选择性[J].中国生物防治,2005,21(3):136-141.
[26]李根君,姜峰立,郭建军.米蛾的形态及习性观察[J].昆虫知识,1982(6):18-20.
[27]艾鹏鹏,杨瑞,张民照,等.桃蛀螟各虫态形态学特征观察[J].北京农学院学报,2014,29(3):53-55.
[28]李丽英,陈巧贤,刘文惠.十二种赤眼蜂的产卵行为及其与体外培育成功率的关系[J].昆虫天敌,1989,11(1):31-35.
[29]王振营,周大荣,Hassan S A.几种赤眼蜂品系对欧洲玉米螟卵寄生选择性比较[J].植物保护,1995,21(6):39-42.
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