船舶无人化对船舶设计的影响
|
摘要
从船舶无人化后的特点出发,对现有船舶设计需遵守的国际公约进行分析,指出无人船设计应继续遵守或无需遵守的公约条例。从船舶设计角度着手遵照船舶设计螺旋线,系统分析无人船设计过程中应该考虑的各种因素,并对影响较显著的船舶空船重量、船体设计形式、船舶主机选型、总布置设计与船舶建造成本等进行了详细的论述,为以后无人船设计及新船型开发打下基础。
From the features of the unmanned ship, the international conventions to be observed in the design of ships are analyzed. It is pointed out that the convention of unmanned vessels should be complied with or not complied with. Starting from the ship design, based on the ship design spiral, the paper systematically analyzes the aspects that need special consideration during the design and unmanned ship. The factors which have significant influences are analyzed in detail such as the lightweight, the hull form, the machinery selection, the general arrangement and the construction cost, which lays foundation to the design of unmanned ship and development of new ship types.
From the features of the unmanned ship, the international conventions to be observed in the design of ships are analyzed. It is pointed out that the convention of unmanned vessels should be complied with or not complied with. Starting from the ship design, based on the ship design spiral, the paper systematically analyzes the aspects that need special consideration during the design and unmanned ship. The factors which have significant influences are analyzed in detail such as the lightweight, the hull form, the machinery selection, the general arrangement and the construction cost, which lays foundation to the design of unmanned ship and development of new ship types.
引文
[1]航运界.无人船,看上去挺美[DB/OL].[2018-05-28].http://www.ship.sh/news_detail.php?nid=22103.
[2]国际船舶网.罗罗与Tampere技术大学合作研发无人船技术[DB/OL].[2018-05-28].http://www.eworldship.com/html/2017/Manufacturer_0414/126934.html.
[3]苏凯米.未来的无人驾驶船长啥样[J].大科技(百科新说),2016(11):18-19.
[4]海员网.“无人船”到底来得有多快[DB/OL].[2018-05-28].http://www.ycseaman.com/bencandy.php?fid-33-id-72427-page-1.html.
[5]新航海人.无人散货船来了[DB/OL].[2018-05-28].http://www.newmariners.com/www/newsexpress/2017-06/575.html.
[6]锦程物流网.无人自主航行商船第二波:日本出台实施规划[DB/OL].[2018-05-28].http://info.jctrans.com/newspd/cgs/2017612352893.shtml.
[7]严新平.智能船舶的研究现状与发展趋势[J].交通与港航,2016,3(1):23-26.
[8]佚名.中国无人货船研发技术体系确立[J].船舶与配套,2017(12):90.
[9]况小梅.水面高速无人艇的概念设计研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2007.
[10]吴恭兴.水面智能高速无人艇的控制与仿真[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2008.
[11]高宗江,张英俊,孙培廷,等.无人驾驶船舶研究综述[J].辽宁大连:大连海事大学学报,2017,43(2):1-7.
[12]刘寅东.船舶设计原理[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2010.
[13]许春松,张仁平.无人驾驶船舶发展与海事公约修订的思考[J].世界海运,2017,40(3):20-22.
[14]IMO.International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea Ch.V[S].1974.
[15]HOOYDONK E V.The Law of Unmanned Merchant Shipping-An Exploration[J].Journal of International Maritime Law,2014(20):403-423.
[16]IMO.International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships(MARPOL)[S].2016.
[17]IMO.International Convention on Load Lines(LLC)[S].2016.
[18]IMO.Collision Regulations(COLREGs)[S].2016.
[19]IMO.COLREG:Rule 33:Equipment for Sound Signals[S].1972.
[20]0IMO.COLREG:Rule 5:Look-out[S].1972.
[21]BV.Class Rules:Steel Ships,Part C,Chapter 3,Section 2:Design Requirements[S].2016.
[22]IMO.International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea Ch.I.[S]1974.
[23]IMO.International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea Ch.III[S].1974.
[24]IMO.MARPOL:Annex IV,Regulation 2:Application[S].1973.
[25]IMO.MARPOL:Annex V,Regulation 2:Application[S].1973.
[26]IMO.LLC:Annex I,Regulation 25:Protection of the Crew[S].1988.
[27]邱文昌.船舶货运[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2015.
[28]郎舒妍,曾晓光,赵羿羽.未来船舶从有人到无人[J].中国船检,2016(12):92-94.
[29]吴兆麟.无人驾驶船舶发展与航海教育对策[J].中国航海,2017(4):99-103.
[30]殷铭.影响船舶装卸效率的原因分析及对策研究[J].现代职业教育,2016(1):112-113.
[31]佚名.全球首艘无人货船"筋斗云"明年在中国下水[J].珠江水运,2017(23):42-43.
[32]唐澈,许克文.无人驾驶船舶前瞻分析与技术特性[J].科技与管理:武汉,2016(1):35-39.
[33]陈泽宇,张慧芳.如何利用船舶系统的管路特性[J].航海技术,2003(5):67.
[34]蒋贤中.船体结构设计方式的分析与阐述[J].工程技术(文摘版):55.
[35]梅春.船舶主机选型的发展和展望[J].柴油机,2012,34(1):7-12.
[36]CCS.智能船舶规范[S].2015.
[37]达勇,张跃文,张鹏,等.基于EEDI的船舶主机选型研究[J].舰船科学技术,2016,38(9):96-100.
[38]王静蕾,喻林.智能船舶的系统设计与研究[J].舰船科学技术,2016(8):4-6.
[39]CCS.船舶能效管理认证规范[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2012.
[40]龚瑞良,吉雨冠.智能船舶技术和无人驾驶技术研究[J].船舶,2016,27(5):82-87.
[41]王凤武,吴兆麟.船舶耐波性与船舶航速[J].世界海运,2003,26(3):1-3.
[42]佟鑫.国内航行海船吨位丈量计算的精度控制和简化算法[J].中国船检,2013(9):99-102.
[43]LEONARDJ J,BROWNE M,ALLEN J,et al.Research in Transportation Business&Management[J].IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science,2014,49(5):2459-2462.
[44]KRETSCHMANN L,BURMEISTER H C,JAHN C.Analyzing the Economic Benefit of Unmanned Autonomous Ships:An Exploratory Cost-comparison Between an Autonomous and a Conventional Bulk Carrier[J].Research in Transportation Business&Management,2017(25):76-86.
[45]?RNULF J R D.From Concept to Reality:Unmanned Merchant Ship Research in Norway[C]//Underwater Technology.2017.
[2]国际船舶网.罗罗与Tampere技术大学合作研发无人船技术[DB/OL].[2018-05-28].http://www.eworldship.com/html/2017/Manufacturer_0414/126934.html.
[3]苏凯米.未来的无人驾驶船长啥样[J].大科技(百科新说),2016(11):18-19.
[4]海员网.“无人船”到底来得有多快[DB/OL].[2018-05-28].http://www.ycseaman.com/bencandy.php?fid-33-id-72427-page-1.html.
[5]新航海人.无人散货船来了[DB/OL].[2018-05-28].http://www.newmariners.com/www/newsexpress/2017-06/575.html.
[6]锦程物流网.无人自主航行商船第二波:日本出台实施规划[DB/OL].[2018-05-28].http://info.jctrans.com/newspd/cgs/2017612352893.shtml.
[7]严新平.智能船舶的研究现状与发展趋势[J].交通与港航,2016,3(1):23-26.
[8]佚名.中国无人货船研发技术体系确立[J].船舶与配套,2017(12):90.
[9]况小梅.水面高速无人艇的概念设计研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2007.
[10]吴恭兴.水面智能高速无人艇的控制与仿真[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2008.
[11]高宗江,张英俊,孙培廷,等.无人驾驶船舶研究综述[J].辽宁大连:大连海事大学学报,2017,43(2):1-7.
[12]刘寅东.船舶设计原理[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2010.
[13]许春松,张仁平.无人驾驶船舶发展与海事公约修订的思考[J].世界海运,2017,40(3):20-22.
[14]IMO.International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea Ch.V[S].1974.
[15]HOOYDONK E V.The Law of Unmanned Merchant Shipping-An Exploration[J].Journal of International Maritime Law,2014(20):403-423.
[16]IMO.International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships(MARPOL)[S].2016.
[17]IMO.International Convention on Load Lines(LLC)[S].2016.
[18]IMO.Collision Regulations(COLREGs)[S].2016.
[19]IMO.COLREG:Rule 33:Equipment for Sound Signals[S].1972.
[20]0IMO.COLREG:Rule 5:Look-out[S].1972.
[21]BV.Class Rules:Steel Ships,Part C,Chapter 3,Section 2:Design Requirements[S].2016.
[22]IMO.International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea Ch.I.[S]1974.
[23]IMO.International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea Ch.III[S].1974.
[24]IMO.MARPOL:Annex IV,Regulation 2:Application[S].1973.
[25]IMO.MARPOL:Annex V,Regulation 2:Application[S].1973.
[26]IMO.LLC:Annex I,Regulation 25:Protection of the Crew[S].1988.
[27]邱文昌.船舶货运[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2015.
[28]郎舒妍,曾晓光,赵羿羽.未来船舶从有人到无人[J].中国船检,2016(12):92-94.
[29]吴兆麟.无人驾驶船舶发展与航海教育对策[J].中国航海,2017(4):99-103.
[30]殷铭.影响船舶装卸效率的原因分析及对策研究[J].现代职业教育,2016(1):112-113.
[31]佚名.全球首艘无人货船"筋斗云"明年在中国下水[J].珠江水运,2017(23):42-43.
[32]唐澈,许克文.无人驾驶船舶前瞻分析与技术特性[J].科技与管理:武汉,2016(1):35-39.
[33]陈泽宇,张慧芳.如何利用船舶系统的管路特性[J].航海技术,2003(5):67.
[34]蒋贤中.船体结构设计方式的分析与阐述[J].工程技术(文摘版):55.
[35]梅春.船舶主机选型的发展和展望[J].柴油机,2012,34(1):7-12.
[36]CCS.智能船舶规范[S].2015.
[37]达勇,张跃文,张鹏,等.基于EEDI的船舶主机选型研究[J].舰船科学技术,2016,38(9):96-100.
[38]王静蕾,喻林.智能船舶的系统设计与研究[J].舰船科学技术,2016(8):4-6.
[39]CCS.船舶能效管理认证规范[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2012.
[40]龚瑞良,吉雨冠.智能船舶技术和无人驾驶技术研究[J].船舶,2016,27(5):82-87.
[41]王凤武,吴兆麟.船舶耐波性与船舶航速[J].世界海运,2003,26(3):1-3.
[42]佟鑫.国内航行海船吨位丈量计算的精度控制和简化算法[J].中国船检,2013(9):99-102.
[43]LEONARDJ J,BROWNE M,ALLEN J,et al.Research in Transportation Business&Management[J].IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science,2014,49(5):2459-2462.
[44]KRETSCHMANN L,BURMEISTER H C,JAHN C.Analyzing the Economic Benefit of Unmanned Autonomous Ships:An Exploratory Cost-comparison Between an Autonomous and a Conventional Bulk Carrier[J].Research in Transportation Business&Management,2017(25):76-86.
[45]?RNULF J R D.From Concept to Reality:Unmanned Merchant Ship Research in Norway[C]//Underwater Technology.2017.