某双层动车组中间车厢内气流场及热舒适性分析
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摘要
空调列车车厢内部气流组织是研究列车内部环境的基础,满意的气流组织可使乘客获得较好的热舒适性。夏季极端环境下,以某双层动车组中间车厢为研究对象,基于非稳态k-ε湍流模型,运用计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)方法对其内部流场进了仿真计算,得到了车内速度和温度的分布,同时对风道系统进行了优化,并根据流场指标和热舒适性指标分别对车内流场和乘客热舒适性进行了分析。研究表明:对于原风道系统,速度分布不均匀且不满足流场指标;对于优化后的风道系统:速度和温度分布均匀且基本满足流场指标;有效温差分布比较均匀,大部分区域处于-1.7℃～1.1℃范围内;乘客附近区域有效温差偏大,过道上方部分区域有效温差偏小;客室平均空气分布特性指标达到80.78%,大于80%,乘客热舒适性良好。
The air flow organization inside the air-conditioning trains is the basis for researching the environment inside the trains. Passengers can obtain good thermal comfort by satisfactory air flow organization. Basis on the non-state k-ε turbulence model,computational fluid dynamics(CFD) method was used to simulate the internal flow field of middle carriage of the double-deck EMU in the extreme summer environment. The velocity field and temperature field distribution were obtained,and the air duct system was optimized,and the internal flow field of middle carriage and the thermal comfort of the passenger were analyzed respectively by flow field indexes and thermal comfort indexes. Research shows,for the original air duct system,the velocity field is uneven and not satisfy the flow field indexes. For the optimized air duct system,the velocity field and temperature field distribution are uniform and basically satisfy the flow field indexes;the distribution of effective temperature difference on each monitoring surface is uniform,the effective temperature difference is in the range of -1.7 ℃ to 1.1 ℃ in most areas;in the surrounding area of the passenger,the effective temperature difference is large; in some areas above the floor of middle carriage,the effective temperature difference is small;the average air diffusion performance index of the passenger compartment reaches 80.78%,which is greater than 80%,the thermal comfort of the passenger is good.
The air flow organization inside the air-conditioning trains is the basis for researching the environment inside the trains. Passengers can obtain good thermal comfort by satisfactory air flow organization. Basis on the non-state k-ε turbulence model,computational fluid dynamics(CFD) method was used to simulate the internal flow field of middle carriage of the double-deck EMU in the extreme summer environment. The velocity field and temperature field distribution were obtained,and the air duct system was optimized,and the internal flow field of middle carriage and the thermal comfort of the passenger were analyzed respectively by flow field indexes and thermal comfort indexes. Research shows,for the original air duct system,the velocity field is uneven and not satisfy the flow field indexes. For the optimized air duct system,the velocity field and temperature field distribution are uniform and basically satisfy the flow field indexes;the distribution of effective temperature difference on each monitoring surface is uniform,the effective temperature difference is in the range of -1.7 ℃ to 1.1 ℃ in most areas;in the surrounding area of the passenger,the effective temperature difference is large; in some areas above the floor of middle carriage,the effective temperature difference is small;the average air diffusion performance index of the passenger compartment reaches 80.78%,which is greater than 80%,the thermal comfort of the passenger is good.
引文
[1]刘小燕,陈春俊,王亚南.高速列车单车通过隧道压力波的研究[J].机械设计与研究,2014,30(6):1-4.
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[9]陈玉慧,张继业.高速列车车内流场数字分析及优化[J].机械设计与研究,2016,32(4):1-5.
[10]刘杰,李人宪,陈琳等.高速列车空调系统及车内流场分析[J].西南交通大学学报,2012,47(1):127-132.
[11]中华人民共和国铁道部TB/T1951-1987客车空调设计参数[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1988.
[12]徐国景.实验动物管理与实用技术手册[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,2008.
[13]张宝霞.铁道车辆制冷与空气调节[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2010.
[14]清华大学,西安冶金建筑学院,同济大学,重庆建筑工程学院编,空气调节[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社.
[15](丹麦)范格彼奥.舒适[M].李天麟,译.北京:北京科学技术出版社,1992.
[2]HAN T.Three dimensioal navier stokes simulation for passenger compartment cooling[J].Int J of Vehiele Design.1989,10(2):223-235.
[3]KAZUHIKO M.Evaluation and measurement of thermal comfort in the vehicles with a new thermal mannequin[R].New York:SAEpaper 931958.1993.
[4]CURRLE J.Numerical simulation of the flow in a passenger compartment and evaluation of the thermal comfort of the occupants[R].New York:SAE paper 970529.1997.
[5]江传东,陈俊春,方超.高速列车隧道通过对车内流场影响研究[J].机械设计与制造,2015,10(1):4-10.
[6]张登春,翁培奋,邹声华.旅客列车空调硬座车厢内热舒适性研究[J].铁道学报,2006,28(5):35-40.
[7]宋宇尧,赵兰萍,杨志刚.空调列车夏季行驶热舒适性分析[J].制冷空调与电力机械,2010,31(1):15-19.
[8]朱春,张旭,胡松涛.列车空调卧铺包厢不同送风方式热舒适性模拟研究[J].铁道学报,2008,30(4):98-102.
[9]陈玉慧,张继业.高速列车车内流场数字分析及优化[J].机械设计与研究,2016,32(4):1-5.
[10]刘杰,李人宪,陈琳等.高速列车空调系统及车内流场分析[J].西南交通大学学报,2012,47(1):127-132.
[11]中华人民共和国铁道部TB/T1951-1987客车空调设计参数[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1988.
[12]徐国景.实验动物管理与实用技术手册[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,2008.
[13]张宝霞.铁道车辆制冷与空气调节[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2010.
[14]清华大学,西安冶金建筑学院,同济大学,重庆建筑工程学院编,空气调节[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社.
[15](丹麦)范格彼奥.舒适[M].李天麟,译.北京:北京科学技术出版社,1992.